Wind protection is Umbelliferae. Alias ​​is used for wind protection and wind protection in the east and roots are used as medicine. Sweet, sweet, warm. There is a solution of sweating, dehumidification and dehumidification, attending cold, cold, headache, fever, joint pain, and tetanus. In addition, windbreaks and windbreaks are also available for medicinal use. Morphological characteristics: perennial herb, plant height 30-100 cm, all hairless. The main root is thick and long, grows vertically, and the surface is light in laurel color. The flowering period is from August to September and the fruiting period is from September to October. Wild in hilly areas, hillside grass. Cultivation management Selection Wind protection is not very strict with the soil requirements, but the land should be selected to be sunny and dry, and the soil with loose, fertile soil, deep soil and well-drained sandy loam is most suitable. Clay, alfalfa, acid or heavy saline soil should not be planted. Site preparation The windbreak is a deep-rooted plant, which can grow up to 50-70 cm long in two years. Therefore, in the fall, it is required to deepen the land by more than 40 cm. In the early spring, the land should be leveled and polished, and the roots and debris should be picked up to create good basic conditions for wind-proof growth. Fertilizer In order to meet the needs of perennial windbreak growth and development on nutrient composition, base fertilizer must be applied, and 3,000-4,000 kilograms of high-quality farmyard fertilizer should be applied per acre, and superphosphate 20-30 kilograms or ferric phosphate 8-10 kilograms should be added. It is best to apply to the surface of the ground before the deep fall, and then turn into the plough. It should be administered before the site preparation. Fertilization should be uniform. Seed treatment and sowing The well-selected seeds are soaked in warm water for 3-5 days before sowing. Immerse them in warm water (35°C) for 24 hours and soak in warm water (40°C-50°C) for 8-12 hours to make the seeds fully absorb water to facilitate germination. When soaking, do it while stirring, sprinkle the seeds, remove the seeds and impurities floating on the surface of the water, and soak the full seeds of the bottom, and soak them after sowing. When the seedlings are planted in the shed, the whole surface of the seedlings shall be well-sprayed and sprayed with water, and then the seeds shall be sown by hand and the seeds shall be sown at 2.5-3.0 kg per mu. After the sowing is even, use a bamboo sieve or iron sieve to sieve 2.0 cm of fresh wet soil, cover the seed, and then insert the bow tie membrane. The seedlings of the open earthworm seedlings are drilled, drilled artificially to open the furrows, spaced 15 to 20 centimeters apart, and ditched 2-3 centimeters deep (slightly sandy loam and slightly deeper sandy soil). Seeds are evenly spread in the furrows with the on-demand device. 1-1.5 cm thick, to be a little dry to press and hold. Live production of the field, the sowing method is basically consistent with the open field nursery method. However, the row spacing should be increased to 25-30 centimeters, the amount of seed per acre fell to 1.0-1.5 kg. Field management Seedling management deduction plastic film arched nursery, sowing until the emergence stage of the closed period, should always check, control the temperature within the shed, generally 20 °C -25 °C as the appropriate temperature, such as the weather is too hot, the temperature inside the shed is too high, to Cover grass and shade for cooling. When the seedling seedlings see green, the temperature inside the tent can be adjusted by removing the film and releasing the air. With the growth of the seedlings, the vent holes are gradually enlarged and the seedlings are kept until the plastic film is removed. Weeds occur within the plant and weeds must be removed in time. Drought protection, and strive to fully seedlings open field nursery fields and production of live fields, sowing to the emergence of management is very important. In this period, we must take all drought protection measures. Pressing, stepping, boring, rolling, and stone sculpting should be used in combination with the time, so as to ensure adequate soil moisture in the sowing layer to meet their germination needs and prevent the soil from “drying up†and seeds. The phenomenon of "buds dry" occurs, and strive to achieve full seedlings, Miao Zhuang. Weeding and loosing soil, preventing weeds and growing weeds in the field will affect the growth of seedlings. At the same time, it is necessary to carry out 2-3 times of cultivating loose soil, improve the environment for the growth of roots of seedlings, promote deep rooting and achieve the effect of strong seedlings. Sapling seedlings, seedlings, insect protection and seedlings 15-20 days after emergence, seedlings up to 3-5 cm when the thinning seedlings to prevent over-crowding seedlings, small growth. When it grows to about one month, the seedlings will be as high as 10 cm or more, and the final seedlings will be planted. The seedlings will be planted 2-3 cm from the seedlings, and the field seedlings will be 8-10 cm away from the seedlings. At the same time, soil pests and seedling pests occurred in succession at the seedling stage, and field investigations and prevention work must be done. Medical masks are mostly made of one or more layers of nonwoven fabrics. The main production processes include meltblown, spunbond, hot air or needle punching. They are equivalent to resisting liquids, filtering particles and bacteria, and are a kind of medical protection. textile. Medical Mask Medical Mask,Medical Surgical Mask,Disposable Medical Face Mask,Disposable Non Woven Mask Guangzhou Aikangli Medical Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.aikanli.com
The Medical Mask is composed of a mask face and a tightening belt. The mask face is divided into inner, middle and outer layers. The inner layer is skin-friendly (general hygienic gauze or non-woven fabric), and the middle layer is an isolation filter layer (ultra-fine polypropylene Fiber melt-blown material layer), the outer layer is a special material antibacterial layer (non-woven fabric or ultra-thin polypropylene melt-blown material layer).
According to performance characteristics and scope of application, medical masks can be divided into: medical protective masks, medical surgical masks, ordinary medical masks.
1. Medical Protective Mask
Medical protective masks are suitable for the protection of airborne respiratory tract infectious diseases by medical staff and related staff. It is a close-fitting self-priming filter medical protection article with a high protection level, especially suitable for contact with airborne transmission during diagnostic activities Or worn by patients with respiratory infections transmitted by droplets at close range. It can filter the particles in the air, block droplets, blood, body fluids, secretion droplets, etc. It is a disposable product. Medical protective masks can prevent most pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. WHO recommends medical personnel to use protective masks against particles to prevent viral infections in hospital air. .
Medical protective masks comply with GB19083-2003 "Technical Requirements for Medical Protective Masks". Important technical indicators include non-oily particle filtration efficiency and airflow resistance. The specific indicators are as follows: [3]
1) Filtration efficiency: Under the condition of air flow (85 ± 2) L / min, the filtration efficiency of aerodynamic median diameter (0.24 ± 0.06) μm sodium chloride aerosol is not less than 95%, which is in accordance with N95 ( Or FFP2) and above. It can block infectious agents with a diameter of less than 5 μm transmitted by air or close contact with infectious agents transmitted by droplets.
2) Inhalation resistance: under the above flow conditions, the inhalation resistance does not exceed 343.2Pa (35mmH2O).
3) For the samples sprayed on the mask under the pressure of 10.9Kpa (80mmHg), no technical indicators such as penetration should appear on the inside of the mask.
4) The nose mask must be equipped with a nose clip, which is made of bendable plastic material and has a length> 8.5cm.
5) Synthetic blood is sprayed towards the mask sample at a pressure of 10.7kPa (80mmHg), there should be no penetration inside the mask.
2. Medical Surgical Mask
Medical surgical masks are suitable for the basic protection of medical staff or related personnel, as well as the protection against the spread of blood, body fluids and splashes during the invasive operation. The protection level is medium and has certain respiratory protection performance. It is mainly used in clean environments with a cleanliness level of less than 100,000, operating in the operating room, nursing patients with low immune function and performing body cavity puncture and other operations. Medical surgical masks can block most bacteria and some viruses, can prevent medical staff from being infected, and can also prevent the microorganisms carried by medical staff's breath from being directly discharged, posing a threat to patients undergoing surgery. Medical surgical masks require the filtration efficiency of bacteria to be above 95%. Disposable medical surgical masks should also be issued to suspicious respiratory patients to prevent the threat of infection to other hospital personnel and reduce the risk of cross-infection, but to avoid infections that are less effective than medical protective masks. .
It complies with YY0469-2004 "Technical Requirements for Medical Surgical Masks", and important technical indicators include filtration efficiency, bacterial filtration efficiency and respiratory resistance. The specific indicators are as follows:
1) Filtration efficiency: Under the condition of air flow (30 ± 2) L / min, the filtration efficiency of aerodynamic median diameter (0.24 ± 0.06) μm sodium chloride aerosol is not less than 30%.
2) Bacterial filtration efficiency: under specified conditions, the filtration efficiency of Staphylococcus aureus aerosol with an average particle diameter of (3 ± 0.3) μm is not less than 95%; the bacterial filtration rate should be ≥95%; the The filtration rate should be ≥30%.
3) Breathing resistance: Under the condition of filtration efficiency flow, the inhalation resistance does not exceed 49Pa, and the exhalation resistance does not exceed 29.4Pa. When the pressure difference △ P of gas exchange on both sides of the mask is 49Pa / cm, the gas flow rate should be ≥ 264mm / s.
4) Nose clips and mask straps: Nose clips should be provided on the mask. The nose clips are made of plastic materials and the length of the nose clip should be greater than 8.0cm. The mask band should be easy to wear and take, and the breaking strength at the connection point between each mask band and the mask body should be greater than 10N.
5) Synthetic blood penetration: After 2ml of synthetic blood is sprayed at the pressure of 16.0kPa (120mmHg) towards the outer side of the mask, no penetration should occur on the inner side of the mask.
6) Flame retardant performance: The mask material should be made of non-flammable materials, and the mask burns less than 5s after leaving the flame.
7) Residual amount of ethylene oxide: For masks sterilized by ethylene oxide, the residual amount of ethylene oxide should be less than 10μg / g.
8) Skin irritation: The primary irritation index of the mask material should be ≤0.4, and there should be no sensitization reaction.
9) Microbial indicators: total bacterial colonies ≤20CFU / g, and no coliform bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococci and fungi shall be detected.
3. Ordinary medical mask
Ordinary medical masks are used to block spouts exhaled from the oral cavity and nasal cavity, and can be used for one-time hygiene care in ordinary medical environments with the lowest protection level. It is suitable for general hygiene care activities, such as sanitary cleaning, liquid distribution, cleaning bed units, etc., or the blocking or protection of particles other than pathogenic microorganisms such as pollen.
Conforms to the relevant registered product standard (YZB), generally lacks the filtration efficiency requirements for particles and bacteria, or the filtration efficiency requirements for particles and bacteria are lower than medical surgical masks and medical protective masks, only reaching 20.0% for 0.3μm diameter aerosol -25.0% protection effect, can not reach the filtration efficiency of particles and bacteria, can not effectively prevent pathogens from invading through the respiratory tract, can not be used for clinical invasive operations, nor can it protect particles and bacteria and viruses, only limited to dust particles Or aerosol plays a certain mechanical barrier.
Instructions:
1. Carefully cover the mouth and nose with a mask and fasten it to minimize the gap between the face and the mask;
2. Avoid touching the mask when using it-after touching the used mask, for example to remove or clean the mask, wash your hands with soap and water or use alcohol hand sanitizer;
3. After the mask is wet or contaminated with moisture, replace with a new clean and dry mask;
4. Do not reuse disposable masks. Disposable masks should be discarded after each use.