Cultivating strong seedlings is an important basis for obtaining high-yield and high-quality bitter gourds. The bitter melon seeds have thick skins and hard shells. If sowed directly in low-temperature and rainy weather, they are prone to moldy and rotten seeds, resulting in lack of seedlings and ridges in the field. Conventional germination methods often take 7 to 8 days to germinate. Let the seeds dry for 4 to 5 hours, then soak the seeds in warm water at 54 degrees Celsius to 56 degrees Celsius for 10 minutes, and keep stirring. Then soak the seeds in cold water for 8 to 10 hours and remove them. Dry the soaked seeds with a towel, and then use pliers to break apart one third or one half of the seeds to facilitate germination. Finally, wrap the seeds with a wet towel and place them in an incubator at 30 degrees Celsius to 32 degrees Celsius to germinate in about 36 hours. If there is no incubator, the seeds can be mixed in sieved ash (the ratio of seed to furnace ash is 5:2, the furnace ash is prepared with boiling water, the ratio of ash to boiling water is 1:0.7, the hands are clumped, and the loose hands are Pine for degree), put it in a pot or other container, cover it with straw, and place it in a place with a heat source for germination. After 10 hours, turn the seeds in the pot once. For example, when the water is dry, it can be sprayed evenly with warm water at 32 degrees Celsius to continue to germinate, and the buds can be germinated in about 24 hours. Disclaimer: Some articles of this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
Plant extraction process
1. Select plants/herbs. No more than ancient prescriptions, prescriptions, folk herbs to find. At present, common and uncommon herbs have been studied. At present, it is mostly to increase the amount of medicinal materials to extract and separate components with low content, or to find medicinal plants that have never been studied from miao medicine, Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Africa, Latin America and other places.
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2. The extraction. Solvent petroleum ether, n-hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, acetone, ethanol, methanol, water (low polarity → high polarity). Daily medicine decoction effective, water and ethanol and other solvents with large polarity, such as artemisinin boiling ineffective extraction with petroleum ether and other solvents with small polarity. Common medicinal materials water/alcohol/ether to go through, separation and identification of more compounds.
3. The separation. This is the most important work. In the solution extracted from the second step, there are dozens of compounds, usually by column chromatography, which is often referred to as the column flushing. It's a lot of work, it's boring, it's low tech. A master's student might do this every day for two years. The column for separating compounds, as shown below, is as large as 2 meters high and as small as 10 centimeters. Change the solvent condition of mobile phase, change the material of column, different conditions and different separation principles of column repeatedly punching, can be separated from the monomer compound.