Cherry is a deciduous small tree of Rosaceae, which is the main cherry variety in the southern region. The cherries are delicious and rich in nutrients. At the same time, the trees are beautiful, the flowers are fragrant and beautiful, and they have high ornamental value. They are one of the important tree species for garden application. In recent years, the ecological picking and sightseeing orchard with Chinese cherry as the main variety in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has expanded rapidly and is popular among local residents. However, it is relatively extensive in production management and cultivation techniques, mainly in the improper selection of varieties and entering the Sheng The fruit is late, the tree is prematurely weakened and so on. The following is a brief introduction to the Chinese cherry ecological dwarf cultivation techniques in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Variety selection After years of trial planting, from the comparison of biological learning, growth potential, results, fruit quality and other indicators, 'Black Pearl' and 'Short Handle' have performed well in this area, with obvious advantages and suitable varieties. 2. Seedling breeding Although Chinese cherry has strong rooting ability, cuttings are easy to survive, but the cutting seedlings show poor resistance, early tree senescence, large and small years, and high tree body after colonization. Generally, in mid-March, the grass cherry is used as a rootstock, and the annual robust branches are used as branches. Grafted seedlings form flower buds in the nursery. After planting, 100% of the plants will bear fruit in the second year, and enter the fruiting stage in the fourth year. 3. Colonization In March and December. It is suitable to build a garden on a sloping land with deep soil layer, loose texture, good ventilation and drainage. It should be ridged and planted on the flat land, and the ridge height is about 30cm. Choose high-quality strong seedlings, prun the root system and soak for 10 to 12 minutes with 600 times liquid carbendazim and appropriate amount of rooting powder for disinfection and sterilization. According to the method of burrowing, rooting, righting and practical methods, the planting depth, buried depth and original soil of seedling roots The traces are suitable, and the roots are filled with water. The cultivation density is 2m4m, 88 plants per acre, because of the high self-flowering rate, it is not necessary to configure pollination trees. 4. Cultivation management In the first 1-2 years of planting, the orchard has a low ground coverage rate, and it is necessary to carry out expansion and soil improvement, cultivating and weeding, and soil conservation. The expansion of the hole should be changed in the autumn, and can be carried out simultaneously with the application of the base fertilizer. The cultivating and weeding mainly in the spring and summer seasons can be carried out by mowing the grass and increasing the organic matter content of the garden soil, which can be carried out simultaneously with the water conservation and preservation of the soil. After the third year of planting, more than 80% of the garden land is covered by foliage, and deep expansion can be carried out in the autumn. 5. Fertilizer The young trees are mainly nitrogenous in the budding, and are evenly poured twice with 0.5% urea, half a month apart, and then changed to 1% twice in succession. In adult trees, 0.1 kg of compound fertilizer based on nitrogen fertilizer was applied to the plant before flowering, 0.2 kg of compound fertilizer based on potassium fertilizer was applied to the fruit of the fruit stage, and 0.3 kg of compound fertilizer mainly based on phosphate fertilizer was applied. Spray the leaf fertilizer 4 times during the growth period and add trace elements at the same time. Spray 0.2% to 0.3% borax solution twice during flowering and fruit setting to increase the fruit setting rate. In the autumn, combined with deep-expanded acupoints, about 30kg of organic fertilizer is applied. Drainage and flood control should be done after the rainy season, and appropriate irrigation should be carried out in combination with autumn fertilization during drought. The key point is to grasp the soil water content before germination, hard core period and post-harvest leaf conservation, especially in the cherry fruit hard core period. In the two rapid expansion periods, the soil water content in the range of 10 to 30 cm should be stabilized at about 12%, so as not to affect the fruit expansion and prevent cracking. 6. Whole trim Chinese cherries have strong germination and branching strength, and can adopt natural happy and free spindle type trees. In the first year, the dry height is 40cm, and the second to third buds under the cut are removed, and the branches are promoted. After the autumn, the branches are pulled, and the base angle is 60-80. In the second year, the main trunk is cut to about 60cm. In the autumn, the branches are continued, and the main branches are cultivated. The lower main branches and the branches that have been flattened are placed, and the new shoots are topped up to 20 cm to promote the transformation into middle fruit branches. The third year is basically the same as the second year. Pay attention to the removal of diseased branches, weak branches, and dense branches, and pick up the new shoots in time to promote the formation of branches and flower buds. After the fourth year, the main branches and the branches with poor angles are well controlled, and the control is prosperous and promotes the formation of flower buds. The overall goal is to control its height within 2m, the main branches are 15-20, distributed in 3 layers, and the opening angle is 60-80, staggered. 7. Flower management The fruit setting rate can be effectively increased by spraying bees or spraying soil micro-fertilizer (0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.2% borax alternately). To eliminate late flowers and weak flowers, generally a short fruit branch retains 3 to 4 bouquets, and a single bouquet has no more than 5 leaves. From late February to early March, it often encounters rainy days in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It has a great influence on cherry fruit setting. It is recommended to carry out rain-proof cultivation in places where conditions permit, and it can appropriately reduce cracking and prevent bird damage when the fruit is ripe. In addition, it can be cultivated through a greenhouse facility, or it can be covered with a shade net for delayed cultivation. 8. Pest control Combined with winter pruning, cut off dead branches, diseased branches, and bring out burning. Spraying stone sulfur mixture before winter to kill pathogens. After the flower, 800 times liquid oxidized dimethoate was used to control a variety of pests such as peach mites and big gray elephants. During the growth period, 1500 times of liquid cyhalothrin or 1200 times of chlorpyrifos was used to control pests such as green-spotted hawksbill, yellow-tailed venomous moth, pear small heartworm, thorn moth, and chafer. After spreading the leaves, 800 times liquid methyl thiophanate was used to control bacterial perforation, brown spot disease, brown rot and the like. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone
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