Potato seedling management points

The whole growth period of potato can be divided into six periods: dormancy, germination, seedling, germination, potato and maturity.

Dormancy: Newly harvested potato tubers must be germinated after a certain period of time under appropriate conditions. This period is a dormant period, and this phenomenon is dormancy. In production, it is regarded as entering the dormant period after harvesting from stem and leaf decay, and the length of the dormancy period is calculated from the number of days from the ripening of the tubers to the start of sprouting of the shoots. The length of the dormancy period is determined by the characteristics of the variety and the temperature at which it is stored.

Germination period: the seedlings are released from dormancy, and the buds begin to germinate until the seedlings are unearthed.

Seedling stage: from emergence to the 8th or 6th leaf flattened to the seedling stage, also known as the group tree.

Hair growth period: The growth of the main stem is completed and the growth of the stems and leaves is started. The top leaves (the 16th or 12 leaves are flattened) from the cluster to the main stem are the hairy stage.

Potato formation: When the growth of the main stem is completed and the growth of the stems and leaves is started, when the dry matter content of the stems and tubers reaches equilibrium, it enters the potato-forming stage dominated by tuber growth.

Maturity: When 50% of the stems and leaves of the plants are yellow, they enter the maturity stage. At this time, the aboveground and underground parts of the potato have stopped growing.

When the potato is in the seedling stage, management is very important. The main measures are as follows: 1. Timely soil conservation and seedling preservation. Most of the potato field soil is yellow loam soil, the soil particles are large, the water holding capacity is poor, and the soil moisture evaporates quickly. At present, the dry soil layer is 10-15 cm, while the potato seed potato size is about 10 cm. It will be affected by drought after emergence. For this kind of seedlings, the seedling stage should be timely cultivated by shallow cultivating, thickening the soil layer, cutting off the soil capillary, slowing the evaporation rate of water, prolonging the survival time of the seedlings, and trying to preserve the seedlings. The soiling time is controlled at 30% of the topsoil.

2. Timely fertilization to promote strong seedlings. There are some night tidal soils in high altitude areas, mainly loam type, soil particles are small, soil water retention is strong, and soil moisture is better now. After the emergence of such fields, the urea should be applied for about 10 kg of urea, and the seedlings should be quickly raised to keep the seedlings strong. The method of fertilization is applied to the seedlings, then cultivating and cultivating the soil.

3. Foliar spray anti-transpiration agent. After the potato leaves are fully expanded, the anti-transpiration agent can be used for foliar application. The anti-transpiration agent forms a protective film on the surface of the leaf to slow the evaporation of water. The anti-transpiration agent may be selected from sodium hydrogen sulfite, humic acid, calcium chloride, fulvic acid (FA), triazolone, crown ether, etc., according to the product specification.

4. Check seedlings to replant. For plots with more than 30% lack of seedlings, crops such as early-maturing corn and Yundou can be planted, and intercropping can be used to improve the utilization efficiency of the plots, reduce losses and increase profits. If there is effective rainfall soon after emergence, it can also be cut from the underside of the normal plant base in the rainy days to reduce the lack of seedlings.

5. Underground pest control. After sowing, the potato is susceptible to underground pests during seeding and seedlings, resulting in rotten seeds and lack of seedlings. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate plans for controlling underground pests. The underground pests are mainly ground tigers. For underground tigers under 3 years old, 800 times of 40% phoxim or 2000 times 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate can be sprayed.

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