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Chinese pepper pepper grafting seedling raising technology
Peel of prickly ash is a precious spice, and seeds are the raw material of high-grade edible oil. At present, Zanthoxylum has been favored by many people and has become more valuable. Therefore, mountain farmers can combine structural adjustments to grow peppers in large quantities and increase their income. However, due to the adoption of traditional methods of raising seedlings, it will lead to a series of problems such as weak resistance, short economic life, and poor product quality that commonly exist in seedlings, which seriously restricts the development of the pepper industry. After years of practice, the author found that the use of local wild pepper (commonly known as dog pepper) as rootstock for grafting seedlings can effectively overcome the above problems. The specific operations are as follows: 1. Cultivation of rootstock Seedlings Fully mature wild pepper seeds are collected from late August to the end of September. After harvested, they are spread in a ventilated and dry room, allowing them to dry naturally. After the peel breaks out of the seeds, it will Seeds are soaked in 30% alkaline water for 24 hours and washed repeatedly by hand to remove grease and then rinsed with fresh water. Then the seeds are sterilized with 2% potassium permanganate. In mid-November, the soil with loose soil, fertilizer, and tide was selected for seedbed planting. Fertilizer was applied before sowing, and a width of 1 meter and a height of 30 centimeters were made. After sowing, use a fine sieve to cover a layer of 2 cm thick soil-fertilizer to cover and moisten the grass. When the spring emerges, timely release the covering. When the seedling height reaches 10 cm, the seedlings will be planted at a spacing of 10 cm per plant, and about 20,000 plants per acre will be combined with weeding, fertilizing, and wiping buds to promote the growth of the sprouts. Second, preparation before grafting 1. Rootstock selection. Choose healthy seedlings that grow robustly, disease-free, and have a base diameter of 0.5 cm or more. Practice has proved that the thicker the rootstock, the higher the graft survival rate. In addition, the leaf thorns within 10 cm from the ground must be removed to facilitate the operation. 2, scion collection. To cut off the annual branches with excellent varieties, no pests and diseases, full of buds, and a thickness of 0.4-0.6 cm for scion. After removing the leaf thorns, cover them with wet sacks and sprinkle with water in time to keep them moist. Can also be connected with picking. Third, grafting 1, grafting time. Before and after the convulsions, buds of some rootstock buds were the best grafting period. 2, grafting method. The main use of single shoots belly joint. The specific operation steps: Select the rootstock from the ground 5-6 cm smooth place down flat cutting a knife, slightly with xylem, about 2 cm long, leaving 0.5 cm of cortex will be cut on the upper cattle cortex. Cut the scion at the angle of 45 degrees on the side of the bud, cut a long 2cm long noodles on the back, and cut off the scions with a branch cutter at 0.5cm above the bud to remove the buds and quickly insert the buds into the rootstock. In the incision, the alignment layer is formed and it can be tightly tied with a film. Fourth, after the grafting 25-30 days after grafting, sprouting can be germinated, this time with a grafting knife peach broken film exposed sprouting, let it grow naturally, and then the distance from the bud above 1 cm, points 2-3 Secondary anvil. Other management also includes the work of eradicating, weeding, fertilizing and controlling pests. The garden can be planted in the fall.