1 The choice of duck and duck breeds is to select varieties with good production performance, gentle temperament, small body size, early maturity, rapid growth and development, low consumption of material, high production of eggs, high feed utilization rate, strong adaptability and strong disease resistance. The female ducks stayed excellent for two years and all were updated in the third year.
Feed Additives are divided into microbial feed additives and Chinese herbal feed additives. Among them, microbial feed additive is a kind of microbial products that replace or balance one or more strains in animal ecosystem. In a narrow sense, it is a kind of microbial products that can stimulate the reproduction and growth of beneficial bacteria while resisting the growth of harmful bacteria. Microbial feed additives containing a large amount of beneficial bacteria (active lactobacillus, bifidobacterium, bacillus), compound enzyme, chelating peptide, mildew remover, etc., as the inside of livestock and poultry feed, can rapid reproduction, on the one hand, in bacterial metabolites and gut endotoxin inhibits the growth of other harmful flora, on the other hand, it formed the normal microbial flora in the host, Synthesize the main vitamins for the host, provide nutrition and prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria.
There are many different feed additives in category. There are vitamins, amino acides, antibiotics, Trace elements,Buffer feed, flavor agents, Hormonal additives, herbal additives etc.
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2 Feed preparation and formula: 50%～60% for cereals, 10%～20% for cakes, 10%～15% for fish meal or bean powder, 1% for shell powder, 0.5% for salt, 0.2% for multivitamin 0.5% of the ratio to formulate feed. Egg production period reference formula: corn 45%, rice bran 20%, bran 6%, bean cake 10%, fish meal 10%, rapeseed cake 6%, shell powder 1%, bone meal 1%, salt 0.5%, poultry variety Vitamin 0.5%, conditional can also use commercial duck material.
3 Feeding method After the feed is crushed and mixed, add water and mix well, then loosen it by hand to form a mass. Usually, feed 4 times per day and night, that is, 5 o'clock in the morning, 10 o'clock in the morning, 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and 9 to 10 o'clock in the evening. Feed 1 time, the last time you should increase feed, let the ducks eat. Each duck fed 125 to 150 grams a day. The ducks in the rest period can feed 2 times a day.
4 When the production of laying ducks is started at about 150 days before and after the start of production, it is easy to prematurely decline prematurely if eggs are produced. If it is too late, it will affect the economic income. The specific approach is to control the green fodder so as to prevent it from propagating the stomach. After 120 days of age, it gradually increases the number of feeds and improves feed quality.
5 After the water is fed, the ducks are washed off and bathed every day. In the summer, 4 to 5 times a day, the water can be released freely. When the ducks are noisy at night, they need to release water once every 20 minutes, and every day at 10:00 a.m. in winter. At 3 o'clock, each water was discharged for 5 minutes. After the water is released, let the ducks bask in the winter and let the ducks rest in the shade in summer. Avoid exposure.
6 The stronger the libido of the male and female with the duck, the more eggs are laid. Therefore, ducks must be provided with enough male ducks. A small herd is reared for every 100 females with one male duck. Large herds are reared for every 200 females to provide one male duck, which can increase the egg production rate by 5% to 8%. Eggs are fed with 1 duck per 20 to 30 female ducks. Commercial ducks will be protected from harassment during the laying period, the rest period, and the moulting period.
7 Laoya Duck feeds 1 year old ducklings to feed cod liver oil, and feeds 7 days per month, which allows Laoya Duck to produce more eggs and prolongs the period of high yield.
8 Forced moulting ducks in the late summer and early autumn are discontinued for moulting. At this time, artificial forced moulting should be taken. The method is to stop the water for the first two days, stop the water supply for the first 3 days, and feed the normal amount of water from the 6th day. Half of the water was supplied and returned to normal on the 7th day to promote quick and neat moulting, so that the ducks and ducks were all put into production.
9 In the litter room, the floor is covered with straw, wheat straw, chaff or wood chips, etc., and the litter is added 1 time every other day to increase the height at the laying place. In combination with the ventilation of the duck house, the cooling of the house can keep the duck house clean and dry. In the summer, a layer of silt or sand can also be laid.
10 Supplemental Lighting Due to the shortening of natural light in autumn and winter, the duck's pituitary gland and endocrine glands are reduced, affecting the production of eggs, so artificial supplemental lighting must be taken. General requirements The daily continuous light time should reach 16 hours. A 60-watt light bulb can be installed every 30 meters in the duck house. The light bulb is suspended 2 meters from the back of the duck and equipped with a lampshade. Turn on the lights twice a day, sooner or later. Turn on the lights at 4am, turn off the lights at 8am, turn on the lights at 5pm, and turn off the lights at 8pm. The time for switching lights should be strictly fixed, and two 3 to 5 watt low-light bulbs should be installed in each duck house to avoid triggering the alarm. In case of heavy snowfall, heavy fog, rainy days and other shades of light, you must turn on the lights early in the morning and extend the lights off in the morning. If necessary, you can light the whole day. Practice has shown that egg-drinking ducks have a 20% to 25% increase in egg production rate compared to light-filled ducks.
11 Feeding night food Generally, feeding ducklings at night can increase egg production by about 1% compared with ducks that do not feed. Therefore, in the fall and winter, ducks should be fed night food. When feeding at night, two things should be noticed: one is to supply enough water, and the other is to feed the protein at night is not too much.
12 Reducing the metabolism of stress ducks is particularly sensitive to contaminated air. Therefore, ventilation and air exchange should be paid attention to at ordinary times. When the ducks play in the water, all the windows in the duck house will be opened. Do not make loud noises in the duck houses at all times, let alone catch bamboo rafts and scare the ducks. Winter should keep warm and cool down in summer to minimize the adverse effects of cold and heat stress on ducks and ducks, so that ducks live in a quiet and comfortable environment.
13 Guard against abnormalities When individuals with egg appearing ducks become smaller, eggshells become thinner, egg laying time is prolonged, and water feeding, feathering of shoreshore feathers, etc. are drilled into the duck house, timely and effective measures should be taken to prevent and control them. The following methods are commonly used: (1) improve the quality of feed, especially to increase protein feed; (2) often drive the ducks, increase the amount of exercise; (3) increase the light; (4) duck house insulation, it is best to add liquid Cod liver oil is fed with 1 ml per day and fed for 3 to 4 days.
14 Do a good job of cleaning the indoor and outdoor playgrounds of hygienic duck houses. The food troughs and sinks must be washed and disinfected regularly. The feed must be fresh and must not be fed with moldy feeds. The drinking water should be clean. The duck houses should be ventilated and ventilated to keep the air fresh and prevent ammonia from stimulating the ducks. The bedding should be changed frequently to ensure it is clean and dry. When the ducks are clean and the feathers are dirty, the ducks are immediately washed into the water, otherwise the ducks will become infected due to feathering and even stop production.
15 Regular disinfection 20% of lime milk can be used every week or 2% of sodium hydroxide or 3% of compound phenol (disinfecting spirit) can be used to sterilize the housing area. Feeding tanks and utensils can be disinfected with 100 toxins. Green feed and drinking water can be treated with 0.02% potassium permanganate solution.
16 Regular epidemic prevention should do a good job in epidemic prevention. To prevent duck gizzards, duck gizzard attenuated vaccine can be used. Ducklings are inoculated after 20 days of age. Each leg muscle is injected with 0.5 ml. Ducks are injected with 1 ml of each pectoral muscle and ducks are injected once every 6 months. To prevent duck cholera, avian cholera hydroxide hydroxide vaccine can be used. The ducklings are injected with 1 ml of each leg muscle after 20 days of age, and 2 ml of breast muscle is injected at 3 months of age, and the immunization period is 75 days. Oxytetracycline can also be used, according to 100 ducks with a dose of 250,000 units of oxytetracycline 5 powder into the feed or dissolved in water, fed 2 to 3 weeks.