Sprout production technology

Soften chicory

Also known as “Jikang Cuisine”, it is a bud of a meaty root made of softening cultivation under dark conditions for food. Because it contains the ingredients of horse chestnut bark, wild lettuce, and other substances, it has the effect of clearing the liver and gallbladder, and Rich in vitamins, potassium, calcium and other minerals, as a high-quality high-quality health-oriented vegetables, in Europe and the United States and other countries are very popular with consumers, promising future.

Variety selection: It is recommended to use a hybrid generation with strong growth potential, early heat resistance, well-developed roots, milky yellow buds after softening, and “Chang'e No. 1” varieties, and a small amount of purple balls introduced from France. The variety.

Planting season: Suburbs in Beijing are suitable for sowing (or nursery) in mid- and late July. Straight roots are harvested in mid-November, and buds can be cultivated from December to April. They can be soft-blasted in batches according to sales volume.

Fleshy root cultivation:

(1) Site preparation: The soil with deep, loose, fertile and well-drained sandy loam soil or loam soil should be selected. Apply 2500 kg of organic fertilizer, which is crushed and finely chopped, to a depth of 30 cm per acre. After the leveling, make a 60-70 cm wide ridge and ridge (a 40 cm back and a 30 cm gingival ditches). The surface is 18 cm above the ground. Two rows per plant, average spacing 30-35 cm, plant spacing 18-20 cm, 8000-10000 plants per acre, 2-3 seeds per hole, soil cover 0.5-1 cm thick, 100-200 per acre Grams. In order to save seeds and prevent heavy rain from sapling seedlings, plug seedlings can also be used. In mid-July, seedlings were planted, covered with shade nets at noon, and transplanted in mid-August. Be careful not to damage the main root. Use about 50 grams per acre.

(2) Field management: (1) Continuously water 3 to 5 times before sowing to lower ground temperature after planting, and then water it properly to keep the soil dry and wet. In late September, increase the amount and frequency of watering when the pulpy roots are rapidly expanded; 2 cultivating and weeding 2-3 times, depth 5-10 cm, to loosen the soil to promote root growth. The method of direct seeding shall be 3-4 seedlings at the time of leaf setting, each planting at each hole; 3 after the seedlings are ditched between rows (or open hole), top dressing 1 time, depth of 12 cm, 1000 kg of compost and organic fertilizer per acre. A special brand of "active organic fertilizer 200 kg, top-dressing watering.

(3) Harvesting and storage: Excavate the fleshy roots at a temperature of minus 2°C. The pass criteria are: thick main roots, 18-25 cm long, and 3-5 cm thick at the top of roots. The in-place yards are piled with the leaves facing outwards, and the roots are turned into small piles with a diameter of about 1 meter in order to avoid freezing and water loss. When the temperature falls in late November, when the temperature is about to be frozen, the leaves will be cut to leave the roots only 2-4 cm long. In the greenhouse, on the north side of the house, the width of 1.5 meters, 1.2 meters deep, and the storage pits extending from east to west, head and tail Staggered, batch by batch, batch height 70-90 centimeters, leave about 10 centimeters interval between batches, cellar mouth covered with plastic film and straw curtain, so that the temperature is stable at minus 2 degrees Celsius to 0 degrees Celsius, according to the outside climate timely insulation, moisturizing, ventilation , to ensure that during storage is not free from cold, but dry but not wet, can be stored up to April next year. If it is put into a constant temperature cold storage, the storage period can reach 8 months or more and the annual supply can be realized.

Softening cultivation:

(1) Cultivation site: Choose greenhouses or greenhouses or free houses whose temperature can be kept stable at 8°C-12°C. Use clean river sand or sandy loam soil as a substrate, or in the cement pool and plastic bucket or Hydroponics in a foam box.

(2) Method of soil culture: In a greenhouse, a cultivation pond with a width of 1.2 m, a depth of 40 cm, and a length of 6-8 m is dug, and a 60 cm wide walkway is left between each pool. Cut the fleshy roots with a knife to remove the residual petiole. Graduate weights, single root spacing 2-3 cm, 囤100-150 roots per square meter, upper part to be coded, yards buried with clean sand to neck, and immediately Pour a large amount of water. After the water has penetrated, cover the sandy soil. Insert the small arches over 2-3 days to cover the black agricultural film. Create completely dark conditions and soften the leaves.

(3) Management measures: Softening generally does not require watering during the cultivation process; it is very important to adjust the suitable temperature, the temperature in the control bed is between 10°C and 20°C, and when the temperature is between 18°C ​​and 20°C, 20-25 days It can be harvested. It needs 30-40 days to harvest at 10°C-12°C. Although the growth rate is faster than 20°C, the bud ball is loose and the quality is poor. The light must not be seen during the day, otherwise the bud balls will turn green and lose their value. Always check, when the humidity is high, the film can be released at night.

(4) Harvesting: The buds grow into a spindle shape, compact, and can be harvested when the single ball weighs about 100 grams. Cut from the base of the bud ball with a knife, do not place too high, otherwise it is easy to get rid of the ball, peeling off the outer leaves with spots and rot.

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