The main factors affecting the quality and yield of dairy cows are dairy cow breeds, herd health status, feed and drinking water, farm environment and milking technology. In order to improve the milk yield per cow and the quality of milk, we must do the following. Different types of dairy cows produce very different milk. At present, the world's most recognized high-yielding dairy cattle breed is the Holstein dairy cow. Under the conditions of good husbandry and management, the dairy cow can produce 5 tons to 7 tons of milk per year, and the high-yield can reach 10 tons. Other dairy cows rarely reach this level. Level. While purchasing excellent dairy cow breeds, the age structure and quality structure of the herd are properly adjusted to form a reasonable herd structure: Under normal circumstances, the age structure of dairy cows should be controlled between 1 and 2 fetuses and account for the number of dairy cows. 40%, 3 to 5 fetal cows accounted for 40%, and 6 or more cows accounted for 20%; in terms of quality structure, high-yielding dairy cows accounted for more than 30% of the number of herds, and general production herds accounted for about 60%. Timely elimination of old and sick cows, and the planned selection of healthy high-yielding dairy cows to ensure a reasonable herd structure. Age-matching Dairy cows have an initial age of 18 months to 20 months and a weight of 350 kg to 400 kg. At this time, the cows have reached maturity and sexual maturity. Any species that fail to meet the standard cannot be planted, so farmers should strengthen the rearing management of dairy cows during the breeding period. In 18 months, cows weighing less than 350 pounds began to breed and often caused first child dystocia, which not only affected their own growth and development, milk production performance and normal reproduction of the next fetus. The fetus birth weight was also small and the constitution was weak. Do a good job of sanitation and epidemic prevention The health status of the herds directly affects the production of milk cows and the quality of milk. The quality of the breeding environment and the establishment of the anti-epidemic disinfection system directly affect the health status of the herds. Therefore, to improve the living environment of cattle and ensure the health of cattle, it is necessary to provide dairy cows with a clean, dry and comfortable environment and do a good job in epidemic prevention and disinfection. One is that the cowsheds and playgrounds should be clean and dry and sanitized regularly. The dairy barn and sports grounds should be built on dry, leeward, sunny and open flat areas. They should be cleaned regularly, cleaned up in time, kept clean, and regularly disinfected with quick lime. The second is to enhance lighting. If you want to avoid strong sunlight during the summer, when the natural light is insufficient in winter, you can increase the artificial lighting, so that the daily light time reaches 13 hours to 14 hours. The third is to control the temperature, do summer cooling and winter cold and warm work. In summer, shades, shades, or melon sheds are needed to protect the body from sun and heat; the body is washed with water every day; in cold weather, bedding boards and straw are used to prevent freezing, so that the ambient temperature is controlled within the range of 4°C to 21°C. Eating and activities. Fourth, according to the occurrence of the disease in the area, according to the plan, the veterinarian should be invited to vaccinate the cows on a regular basis. At the same time, pay attention to feed and drinking water hygiene, control contact with outside personnel and supplies, and take preventive measures. Strengthen feeding management Keep brushing the cow body to brush the body half an hour before milking. When hot, rinse the body with water first and then brush it with a brush. When it is cold, comb it with iron and wipe it with a brush. Regular hoof maintenance to keep the cows hoof-shaped, each year in the spring and fall can be done twice regularly hoof, and use 4% copper sulphate liquid spray hoof to maintain normal body shape and standing. Periodic insect repellent gastrointestinal tract maggot available fly phos- phorus, according to 100 kg of body weight 0.2 grams Stir in the concentrate feed, continuous administration of 4 to 6 days, insecticide can be once every 1 month. Strengthen the sports cows to have a certain amount of exercise to enhance their physical fitness. Generally, there should be 4 to 6 hours of driving and free exercise every day. The speed is 3 km to 4 km per hour. Feeding high-quality feed to ensure that the quality of drinking water The level of feed not only affects the milk production of dairy cows, but also has an important effect on milk quality, especially milk fat and milk protein content. In the feeding of dairy cows, it is necessary to appropriately increase the ratio of high-quality forages so that the proportion of concentrates, roughages, and green succulents in the diet It is more suitable to reach 2:3:5. In the feeding technology, it is necessary to finish the coarse after finishing, less to feed, add regular, regular quantitative, and sufficient drinking water. Reasonable feed mix Feed green and juicy feed. Sweet green sorghum, beets, carrots and other green juicy feed are good palatability, easy to digest and absorb. Be fresh, clean, and free from contamination, especially if you do not want to pile up. 2. Feed aminated or alkalized straw. Wheat straw, corn stalks, rice straw, etc. can be processed to adjust the palatability, improve nutrition, improve digestion and utilization. (1) Ammonia treatment: Every 100 kg of chopped straw, 3 kg of urea is dissolved in 60 kg of water, and sealed with a plastic film after spraying. It is sealed for 7 days to 10 days in summer and 15 days to 25 days in winter. After opening, dry it for 5 days to 7 days. (2) Alkaline treatment: chopped straw per 100 kg plus 3 kg of lime or 4 kg of cooked lime, salt 0.5 kg to 1 kg, water 200 kg to 250 kg, soak 12 hours to 24 hours, remove, and dry 24 Hours - 36 hours after feeding. 3. Add grease. High thermal performance of oils and fats can improve feed palatability. Adding 3% to 5% of animal fats and supplementing calcium in dairy cow diets can effectively increase milk production and milk quality. 4. Add urea. Daily addition of urea in cow concentrates is 2% to 2.5%, or 1 to 20 grams of urea per kilogram of body weight, which has a significant effect of increasing production. 5. Add sodium acetate. Adding 200g to 300g of sodium acetate to the dairy cow diet can help digestion and absorption of nutrients, and can be fed for 20 days every 10 days. 6. Feed porridge. Concentrate is best made from congee feed, easier to digest than wet and dry materials. In summer, gruels cool and prevent heatstroke, and winter heat porridge keeps warm and cold. 7. Winter night feeding. Cold winter nights, around 12:00 midnight, feeding cows with 1 kg of warm corn porridge or bran porridge can increase nutrition, enhance cold resistance, and increase milk production. 8. Ensure drinking water. Water quality should be clean and water should be sufficient. When winter temperatures are below 15°C, drink deep well water or warm water, preferably warm bran soup and mung bean soup. Do a good job of breast care Each year, the milk production curve of each cow should be plotted. Based on the milk production curve, the milk production is estimated and the feed supply is determined. 2. The number of milking depends on the amount of milk produced, with a daily output of 35 kg to 40 kg, three times a day, 45 kg to 60 kg, 4 times a day, 35 kg or less, and milk twice a day. 3. Do a good job of beef body and breast hygiene and breast massage. In winter, cows are put on cotton bras to prevent freezing and to protect nipples. In summer, a cotton bra can be coated with vaseline to prevent mosquito bites. 4. Manual milking should grasp the correct milking method, and it should be performed in a fixed, fixed, regular and fixed order to form a good conditioned reflex to promote milk production and increase milk production. Large Starch Separator Mahcine Large Starch Separator Machine,Separator For Corn Starch,Edible Starch Separator Machine,Cassava Starch Processing Shuangfeng County Dingyuan Machinery Manufacturing Co. Ltd.. , https://www.separators.pl
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