Vaginal Speculum,Woven Speculum,Disposable Speculum Disposable Syringes Co., Ltd. , http://www.nsmedicalcannula.com
Alpine anti-season bean cultivation techniques
The Dutch bean is a general term for peas. It is a variety of peas that are harvested from the tender pods. It is an annual or overwintering herb for legume peas. The edible part of the Dutch bean is Nenjong, which can be used for frying, mixing vegetables, making soups, etc. The texture is crisp, fresh, good taste, and green color, attractive appetite. Dutch beans are commonly grown in Europe and the United States, and are widely grown in southern China such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan. They are a kind of export vegetables. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the demand for hotels and restaurants in recent years has increased. The planting area is also expanding, and ordinary people have started to eat it, and are very popular among producers and consumers. First, the biological characteristics (a), botany characteristics: The roots of the Dutch beans are straight roots, less lateral roots, straight roots can be 1-1.5 meters deep in the soil, mainly distributed in the soil layer of 20 cm, the root absorption of insoluble compounds Strong ability, many root nodules; stems are round, hollow, no hair, stem growth is creeping, internodes long, need scaffold growth, strong branching, height 1.5-2.5 meters; leaves are alternate, even feathers The compound leaves, lobule 1-3 pairs, the top 1-2 pairs of leaflets degenerate into tendrils, can be wrapped around each other, the petiole stem has a pair of ear-shaped large stipules, surrounded by petiole and stem at the associated place; , or short racemes, with 1–3 mixed flowers, butterfly flowers, white, purple, self-pollinated, starting flower nodes at 10–13 knots, each flower after the initial flower, up to Up to 35-38 knots; fruit is capsule, green, flat, long, 8-10 cm long, 2-3 cm wide, 4-6 seeds per seed; seeds spherical, smooth or wrinkled The seed life is 2 to 3 years. (b) Requirements for environmental conditions: 1. Requirements for altitude and temperature: Dutch beans are semi-cold-resistant vegetables, a warm and humid climate, and are resistant to heat and dryness. They are the most cold-resistant species in legumes and vegetables. Seasonal cultivation (cultivation in April-August) should be cultivated at an altitude of 2200 meters above sea level; optimum temperature for seed germination is 10 to 20°C, suitable temperature for growing period is 12 to 16°C, and optimum temperature for flowering is 15 to 18°C. The optimal temperature for the period is 18 2020°C. Under suitable temperature conditions, the tender pods are fresh and sweet, and when the temperature exceeds 25°C, the quality is reduced and the yield is reduced. 2. Requirements for light: The Dutch bean is a long-day crop, but most varieties have strict requirements on the length of sunshine. They can bloom under long-day or short-day conditions, but they can promote flower buds under long-day and low-temperature conditions. Differentiation, shorten the growth period. During the growth period, cloudy or light ventilation in the fields is not good, and the plants grow slender and weak, and the yield of the tender pods will be greatly reduced. 3. Requirements for moisture: Dutch beans require more water throughout the growing period. When the soil moisture is insufficient, the emergence period will be delayed; if the weather in the flowering period encounters low air humidity, it will cause the flower to fall out; if it meets the high temperature and drought in the growing stage of the soybean meal, it will cause the fiber to be hardened earlier and mature prematurely. Reduce the quality and yield; the Dutch beans are not resistant to pods, if the soil moisture is too large, it is easy to rotten after sowing, easy to rot the roots during seedlings, easy to disease during growth. 4. Requirements for soil fertilization: The adaptability of Dutch beans to the soil is strong, but it is appropriate for loose, organic-rich neutral soil; the demand for nutrients is dominated by organic basal fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added appropriately, and nodules are inoculated. bacteria. Second, the cultivation techniques points (a), species selection: selection of fine varieties is the key, the anti-season planting of Dutch beans should be selected Taichung No. 11 -308, this species is a new pea bred by the Taiwan Province, its advantages are: creeping, vine More than 150 cm long, strong branching, flower flag white, pink wing petals, bean pods slightly curved, 6-7 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, green, crisp quality, less fiber, sweet , Storage and transportation, fresh sale and processing, the highest per mu can reach more than 1000 kg, the optimum temperature for growth is 10-20 °C, 55-70 days from sowing to early harvest, and the growth time is increased when the temperature is low . (II) Selection of planting land: Choose land that is convenient for watering or drainage in the rainy season, and cultivate the soil with deep, loose and fertile soil with a PH value of 6 to 7.2 and avoid continuous cropping. (C), soil preparation and fertilization: soil preparation should be fine, basal fertilizer should be applied early. Before harvesting, the plough should be used to turn sorghum in time. Basal manure should be used for 2500-3000 kg per hectare of farmyard manure, of which 1500-2000 kg for manure, 1,000 kg for cover fertilizer, and 50 kg for general calcium, compound fertilizer (nitrogen -12: Phosphorus - 12 : Potassium - 18) 40 kg as a base fertilizer for seed ditch, deep-turning crushing, ploughing after mixing soil and fertilizer, high ridge cultivation, ridge distance of 1 to 1.1 meters, depth of 25 to 30 centimeters, Then excavate a 5-8 cm deep planting ditch on the ridge, apply Pu-calcium and compound fertilizer to the ditch, and return the soil (fine earth) 2 to 3 cm, leaving a depth of 2 to 4 cm to wait for watering , sowing, requires straight communication, surrounded by a ditch, and strive to reach the rain does not accumulate water. (D), sowing: usually from September to next February sowing for the cultivation of the season, from April to August sowing for the anti-season cultivation, the anti-season cultivation requires a spacing of 2 cm, a row spacing of 1.1 meters, about the use of species per acre 3 kg, excessive density, easy onset and inconvenient field management, low density, low yield, pouring enough water in the planting ditch, sowing every 8 hours or so, sowing one seed every 2 centimeters, seed sowing Then cover the soil 2 to 3 centimeters, and then cover with fertilizer (rotten manure), if it is not soaked, the soil is dry, you must pour water once again to ensure one-time Qimiao. (5) Intertillage management: 1. Cultivated weeding: Seedlings can be emerged 6 to 8 days after sowing. When the seedlings are out of balance, we must promptly carry out cultivating and weeding. If the drought should be properly watered, cultivators should be cultivated before vines are harvested. Times. 2. Moisture management: Watering should be used before flowering. Avoid drowning, flooding, or slow irrigation with small water. Take a look at the morning or the next day when there is no dew in the leaves or leaves. 3. Fertilizer management: combine the tillage and weeding at the seedling stage, apply the 1:90-times urea solution to raise the seedling fertilizer once, and then apply it once every 10 days; the initial flowering time is 12 kg of the compound fertilizer (12:12:18). After 15 kg of urea is mixed, open a straight ditch 12 cm away from the rhizosphere along the planting ditch, about 10 cm in depth, apply the fertilizer to the compound soil and irrigate the water; after harvesting three times, use 10 kg of ammonium nitrate per mu according to the second fertilization method. Apply it and spray it twice with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 2% borax solution for each harvest. 4, scaffolding: after sowing should be prepared in time frame, seedling height 10 - 14 cm timely scaffolding, scaffolding should use a single row arrangement of a single frame, with a 2.5 -2.8 meters in length every 2.5 - 3 meters Migao’s wooden poles are piled with a 20# thin wire across the middle and top of the pile, and then a thin wire (bower line) is used to draw the horizontally drawn thin wire around 2-3 seedlings for the Dutch bean When the height of the seedlings is 26 cm, use a wire or a pagoda line of appropriate thickness to pull the plants tightly to prevent lodging; when the plant height is 48 cm, surround the second horizontal line and combine the fork branches. Branches), leaving the main branch; plant height 70-90 centimeters around the third line; plant height 130-160 centimeters when the fourth line around, depending on the plant height may be. (VI) Prevention and control of pests and diseases: The prevention and control of pesticides shall be started 4 to 5 days after emergence, and the use of high and toxic pesticides shall be prohibited. The combination of agricultural control and physical control shall be adhered to, biological pesticides shall be vigorously promoted, and chemical pesticides shall be used rationally. There are the following common diseases and pests in high-season off-season peas: 1 Diseases: (1) Brown spot, anthrax: 50% thiophanate-methyl 600-fold, 75% chlorothalonil 600-fold, 75% gold 1500 ─ 2000 times liquid, spraying once every 10 to 15 days; (2) Powdery mildew, rust: 200～300 times of sulphur suspending agent, 1000～1200 times of pure rust, spraying once every 10 to 15 days; (3 ) Root rot: 50% carbendazim or 70% dextrin 600 times, rooting once every 7-10 days. 2. Insect pests: (1) Liriomyza sativae: 1.8% spot-potential spirit can be used to dilute 6 to 8 milliliters of water per mu, 50 kg, and 0.9% of E-formin EC 1000 to 1,200 times per week; (2) Soybean meal : In the beginning of flowering period, use insect light or green wave No. 3, etc. to prevent secondary damage. Harvesting: The Dutch bean requires more than 7 centimeters in length, no spots, no insect damage or mechanical damage, no bends, fresh and shiny pods, half drum grain, and is harvested and sold. It can generally harvest 22-38 times. . (Yunnan Agricultural Technology Extension Station)