Garlic, also known as garlic, is a common cooking ingredient that can be seasoned and used as a medicine. Garlic is cold and suitable for growth in the environment of -5-26 °C. It is wet and fearful of drought. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the soil moist during planting, and the soil is not strict, but it is rich in organic matter, loose and breathable, and has good water and drainage performance. Fertile soil is more suitable for the growth of garlic. Here is a brief introduction to the large-scale cultivation of garlic and pest control techniques. 1 Large-scale cultivation management of garlic 1.1 Seed preparation In order to prevent garlic from freezing to death in the cold winter, the production of garlic should choose the varieties with large head, less petals, weak twitching force, long dormancy period, and garlic head weight of 50g or more. For the production of garlic stalks, choose the varieties that are early, thick and long, and choose the sowing time. Sowing from the end of September to the beginning of October each year, it is better to grow garlic to 5 to 6 leaves before wintering to reduce the occurrence of frost damage. 1.2 Sowing The garlic grows and expands in the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a sandy loam with strong soil and loose soil, a flat and flat terrain, convenient drainage and rich organic matter, and a fertile fertilizer-retaining water. Garlic is a suspended fibrous root. The root is mainly distributed in the soil layer of 5~25cm. The root water absorption capacity of garlic is weak. Before planting, it requires deep tillage, fine soil preparation, deep soil turning 30~4cm, leveling soil for sputum, and width 3m. Before sowing, apply the base fertilizer, generally apply the fully decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer 3~4m3/667m2+ urea 450kg/667m2+ phosphate fertilizer 450kg/667m2+ potassium fertilizer 525kg/667m2. During the fertilization process, remember to avoid excessive use of chemical fertilizer, so as not to inhibit the growth of garlic, affecting The yield, at the same time, the organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed to avoid the burning of garlic roots by fertilization and the occurrence of pests such as garlic. In large-scale cultivation, the suitable depth for sowing is 3 to 4 cm, the density is 16 to 18 cm, the plant spacing is 8 to 12 cm, and the 667 m2 plant is 40,000 plants. There are two methods of planting garlic and planting and ditching. 1.3 Field management top dressing: (1) Fertilization: 1 Seedling period: 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per 667 m2 to supplement the lack of base fertilizer. 2 flower stem elongation period: 15 ~ 20kg per 667m2 of topdressing compound fertilizer, to ensure sufficient nutrients, and promote its vigorous growth. 3 Garlic expansion period: After the garlic is harvested, 10 to 15 kg of garlic special compound fertilizer is applied every 667 m2 before the harvest of the garlic to ensure that the rich nutrients promote the expansion of the garlic. (2) Watering: 1 After the garlic is sown, keep the soil hydrated and no water to ensure that the seedlings are neat. 2 Seedling stage, according to soil irrigation 1 or 2 times, promote root development, cultivate strong seedlings to enhance the cold resistance of seedlings. 3 flower bud, bud bud differentiation period, timely pouring back to Qing Shui. 4 garlic stalk elongation period, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, to be continuously watered to ensure that the noodles are not dry, promote the growth of leaves with water, and stop the watering 2 to 3 days before harvesting, increase the toughness, and facilitate the storage and transportation. 5 When the garlic is inflated, water is poured after the garlic is harvested, keep the noodles dry, avoid exposure to the sun, prevent garlic burns, stop the irrigation until 5 days before harvest, and promote the assimilation of the leaves to accelerate the transfer to the garlic. (3) Others: Weeding in time during each growth period. 2 Main pests and diseases of garlic and their control techniques 2.1 Disease and prevention technology The main diseases of garlic are garlic leaf blight, white rot, rust, soft rot and so on. (1) Leaf blight: agricultural control: use disease-resistant varieties, strengthen field management, apply organic fertilizer, improve the disease resistance of garlic plants; implement crop rotation, change the host environment of bacteria source and bacteria source to reduce pests and diseases; Good temperature, reduce the humidity of the field air, prevent disease; promptly remove the residuals of the diseased plants, concentrate on burning or properly dispose of the leaves of the residual plants, etc. to block the host of the pests and diseases. Chemical control: 50% carbendazim WP can be used for seed dressing and soaking before sowing; when the upper leaf rate of garlic is 5%, use 70% chlorothalonil WP 500-600 times diluted spray, 7~10d / time, continuous use 2 to 3 times. (2) White rot: Agricultural control: strengthen field management, use mulch film, rotate crops, enhance the disease resistance of garlic plants, concentrate on burning or properly dispose of diseased plant residues. Chemical control: In the early stage of the disease, use 50% carbendazim WP 500 times diluted spray, 10d / time, continuous use 2 times. (3) Rust: Agricultural control: strengthen field management, rotate crops, concentrate on burning or properly dispose of diseased plant residues. Chemical control: In the early stage of the disease, use 15% powder rusting wettable powder 500 times diluted spray, 10 ~ 15d / time, continuous use 2 ~ 3 times. (4) Soft rot: Agricultural control: strengthen field management, reduce humidity, rotate crops, concentrate on burning or properly dispose of diseased plant residues. 2.2 Pest and control technology The pests of garlic mainly include pests such as garlic, onion and horse. (1) Garlic: Agricultural control: Planting wood ash on the leaves and roots of garlic can effectively prevent insects and increase production. Chemical control: seed dressing with 80% trichlorfon powder; 90% trichlorfon powder 800-1000 times diluted spray to prevent early larvae. The adult prevention and control method is 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times diluted spray, 7d/time continuous use 2~3 times for prevention and control. (2) Onion horses: Agricultural control: rational fertilization, enhance plant resistance, thoroughly clear the garden after harvest, remove weeds and diseased plant residues, and cut off pests and hosts. Chemical control: Dilute spray with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate in 1000 times, or 3-5 times diluted spray of 25% cyhalothrin emulsifiable concentrate, 7-10 d/time, and use for 2 to 3 times for continuous control. Garlic is a seasoning that every household must use, so the market is vast and has a high planting value. Farmers can only obtain high-yield, high-quality garlic by using the right planting techniques. Collapsible Foot Spa,Foot Spa Bath Massager,Foot Bath Spa Massager,Foot Soak Tub Huaian Mimir Electric Appliance Co., LTD , https://www.footspamachine.com
