Green blind mites are an important agricultural pest in China. The host plants include cotton, alfalfa, jujube, grapes, apples, pears and other important crops and fruit trees. In recent years, the harm of green blind mites to grapes has increased year by year, and has become an important pest on grapes, which seriously affects the vegetative growth of grapes and causes significant economic losses to fruit farmers. This article introduces in detail the morphological characteristics, occurrence regularity and control strategies of grape green scorpion, for your reference. 1. Morphological characteristics of the green blind The adult larvae are 5.0 mm long and 2.2 mm wide, green and densely short-haired. Head triangle, yellow-green, compound eyes black, no single eyes, four-section filaments, shorter, about 2/3 of body length, the length of the second section is equal to the sum of 3 and 4, and the color is deeper toward the end. 1 section is yellow-green and 4 sections are dark brown. The front chest plate is dark green, with many small black spots and a wide leading edge. The small scutellum has a triangular shape, yellow-green, and has a shallow vertical line in the center. The front wing diaphragm is translucent dark gray and green. The foot is yellowish green, the end of the intestine is darker, and the color of the knot is darker. The end of the hind leg is brown with a brown spot. The rear leg of the female is shorter than the male. It does not exceed the end of the abdomen. The sac is 3 knots and the end is black. The egg is 1.0 mm long, yellow-green, long pocket-shaped, with a yellow-yellow egg cover, a central depression, raised ends, and no appendages on the edges. Nymphs are 5 years old and similar to adults. Green when hatching, compound eyes pink. 2nd-year-old yellow-brown, 3rd-instar-winged buds, 4th-old over 1st abdominal section, 2nd, 3rd, 4th-degree tentacles and black-brown on the feet, all bright green after 5th, densely covered with black hairs; The color is getting darker. Eyes gray. 2. The occurrence of green blind mites on grapes The green blind owls are overwintered by eggs. The overwintering eggs are mainly produced in the bud scales, accounting for 98% of the total number of overwintering eggs. Very small amounts are produced in the branches and leaves of the grapes. When the average daily temperature in the next year is above 10 °C, it hatches into a nymph, followed by adult worms. The green blind mites occur 4 to 5 generations a year, and occur throughout the growth period of the grapes. The first and second generations are the main hazard generations. The occurrence of green blind mites is related to the growth and development of grapes. The peak of the first generation nymphs hatching in the vineyards in northern regions is in late April. At this time, it is the germination stage of grapes, and the first generation nymphs feed on the buds. The second-generation nymphs reached the peak of hatching in the first half of June, from the grape flowering stage to the young fruit stage, jeopardizing the inflorescences and young fruits of the grapes. After the emergence of the second-generation adults, some of them became transferred to nearby weeds, orchards, nurseries and other plants. Stay in the vineyard to take food harm. The third and fourth generation adults still have some metastasis spread to the external damage. Due to the reasons of trimming and cleaning the secondary shoots and spraying the pesticide, the amount of insects in the garden is less, and the damage to the grapes is lighter. The fifth generation of adults began to move back to the vineyards in late September to lay eggs for wintering. The number of occurrences was large and lasted for a long time. Adults occurred from mid-September to mid-November. The overlap of the green blind cockroaches is serious, mainly shifting to crops, corn, cotton, vegetables and other crops. Adults have a lifespan of up to 45 days, flying very strong, active action, day and night activities, but lively at night, hiding or crawling in hidden places such as leaf backs and petioles during the day, climbing to leaf buds and young fruits in the morning and night. Sucking hazard, slightly disturbed, quickly climbed, not easy to find, difficult to control. The nymphs are protected from light and linger in the night, and can be eaten all day in the rainy days. 3. Prevention and control measures for green blind mites on grapes Due to the unfavorable characteristics of wintering eggs in the bud scale, according to the occurrence time of each generation, the first and second generation nymphs can be controlled in the incubation period to eliminate the initial insect source; in the fifth generation adult period, the inside and outside of the vineyard are large. Area spraying and killing, killing the last generation of adult eggs, reducing the amount of overwintering eggs; the third and fourth generations are lightly harmful, coupled with the increase in the number of spraying fungicides for the prevention and treatment of grape diseases during the growing season, which has a greater impact on the hatching of eggs. Individual control. The specific control measures are as follows: Spray 3 to 5 waves of sulphur sulphur mixture before germination to kill some wintering eggs. When the grapes are germinated to the new shoots, the first high-penetration insecticidal and ovicidal agents are used. Common chemical agents are: 80% dichlorvos EC 1000-1500 times liquid, 10% cypermethrin 2000 times solution, 48% lesburn (chlorpyrifos) EC 2000 times solution, 10% imidacloprid 3000 times solution, 2.5% cyhalothrin (Kung Fu) Dairy oil 3000 times. Biological pesticides and plant-derived insecticides include: matrine, 5% natural pyrethrin (yunju), nicotine, resveratrol, complex alizarin, mineral oil emulsion, and the like. Each agent can be used alternately, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and continuously sprayed twice. The grape plots adjacent to jujube and peach trees tend to be more serious, and can be sprayed continuously for 3 to 4 times. If there are many rainy days in spring, the prevention and control after rain should be especially strengthened. If it rains after spraying, it should be replenished in time. Spraying time is best before 9:30 am or after 4:30 pm. At the same time master the quality of the spray, so that the spray is fine, the branches, leaves, flower buds or young fruit and ground weeds are sprayed. 4, the cause of serious harm to the green blind mites on the grapes In recent years, the harm of green cockroaches on grapes has become more and more serious, especially in northern China. Therefore, the reasons for the serious harm of green cockroaches are summarized, which provides a basis for further prevention and control of their occurrence and damage. 4.1 Changes in planting varieties and structures Since 1997, with the large-scale application and application of Bt cotton, the amount of insecticide used to control cotton bollworm has been greatly reduced (can cure the blind spot of cotton fields), thus causing the outbreak of green blind mites, which is in cotton. The performance of the area vineyards is very obvious. Most of the cases of green blind plagues occur in the vineyards of the cotton region. In addition, in recent years, the planting varieties and structures of China's agriculture have also undergone great changes. The planting area of ​​cotton crops has been shrinking year by year, and the area of ​​crops such as fruit trees and vegetables has increased significantly, which has caused the green blind mites to be transferred to the grapes. 4.2 Unreasonable intercropping of fruit trees, increasing the density of insect population In order to ensure the cotton area laid by the country, most fruit growers plant cotton in the summer between the young trees, and grow broad beans in the winter. These crops are the original host of the green-spotted scorpion, which will attract a large number of green-spotted crickets, causing sudden outbreaks. Therefore, as the age of the tree grows and the area of ​​the intercropped crop decreases, the green blind mites are transferred to the vines. 4.3 Impact of climate environment and management level Temperature 20 ~ 30 ° C, relative humidity 80% ~ 90% is most suitable for the occurrence and spread of green blind mites. In spring, there is a lot of rain or it is raining at night, and it turns fine during the day, which is especially beneficial for its hatching and reproduction, resulting in a high density of insects. In addition, in recent years, the management measures of the grape farmers have been strengthened, the new shoots are flourishing, but the pruning level can not keep up, so that the orchard has poor ventilation and light transmission, and the field humidity increases, which creates favorable breeding conditions for the green blind. 4.4 The effect of drug resistance enhancement The outbreak of the green-spotted scorpion may be related to the ban of a large number of organophosphate insecticides, because some traditional pesticides have a good control effect on the green-spotted cockroach. Due to the single long-term use of pyrethroid pesticides, the resistance of the green cockroach cockroach has doubled and the control effect has been declining year by year. In addition, the improper use of fruit and agriculture has killed a large number of natural enemies, resulting in an increase in the incidence of green cockroaches and a significant increase in the density of worms. 4.5 people subjective factors Due to the small size of the larvae, the adults and nymphs are green, and the color of the leaves is basically the same, plus the daytime resting on the back of the leaves and weeds, dispersing the hazards, and the eggs are produced in the plant tissues. Other characteristics, so it is generally not easy to find. Many fruit farmers do not know that it is a green-spotted scorpion after the young leaves are damaged. It is considered to be black pox or deficiency, and the symptoms on the fruit are similar to the initial symptoms of gray mold and cob brown blight. Preventing, thus delaying the best prevention period. In addition, fruit farmers pay more attention to disease prevention and control. Spraying before germination is mainly based on stone sulphur mixture, and pesticides are basically not sprayed before and after flowering. These subjective factors all lead to the occurrence of green blindness. 4.6 Unreasonable prevention time When the grapes began to spread in the middle and late April, the green blind mites began to endanger and continued until the young fruit period. Most of the fruit farmers were only used for the first time on May 15th. At this time, the green blind mites have caused damage to the leaves and flower buds, and missed the favorable prevention and treatment period. Before the flower, I was afraid of affecting the bee-keeping, not spraying the insecticide and pesticide, and missed the key period of prevention and control of the overwintering egg when it started to hatch, which led to the rapid propagation and wide distribution of the green-spotted pheasant, which brought great difficulties to the prevention and treatment. After the rain, the green blind mites are very harmful to the grapes, and the fruit farmers have no habit of spraying after the rain, resulting in poor control effect. Coupled with the inexperienced fruit farmers in the selection of the drug, the control effect is poor. 5, grape pest prevention and control technology concept The prevention and control measures against insects before the harvest and the leap year before the harvest can not be ignored. Grape pests generally multiply for more than a year. After fruit picking, everyone thinks that the pests have no effect on the grape yield, and they relax their vigilance, leading to an increase in the number of pests overwintering and an increase in the number of pests, which has been buried for the occurrence of leap year pests. Hidden dangers. In the early spring, you can't see the pests, which will lead to the delay of the prevention and treatment period. Once the pests are found to be harmful, it is too late to control them. Therefore, it is important to record the prevention and control records every year and to make predictions and predictions of pests. It is very important to prevent and control pests. For example, hanging stalks and insecticidal lamps before and after germination of grapes attract adult adults, and visually observe the damage of grape leaves and fruits. Situation, etc.; take preventive measures in a timely manner to reduce or avoid the harm of pests. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Single Hand Crutches,Aluminum Crutches,Adult Aluminum Crutches,Medical Crutches Hebei Dingli Medical Equipment Co., Ltd. , https://www.dinglimed.com