Apple tree

1. Master the appropriate time for fertilization. Generally, early-maturing varieties are applied after fruit picking, and mid-late maturing varieties are applied before and after fruit picking, preferably sooner rather than later. For example, when the temperature is high and the rainfall is high, the fruit trees have sufficient time to decompose the fertilizer, the function of the leaves has not deteriorated, and there is a strong photosynthetic function, and the produced nutrients can be returned to the roots. At this time, it is the second and third peak of the root growth of the fruit tree, and the root is easy to heal, and a large number of meristematic roots and absorbing roots are produced, which is beneficial to root absorption and increase the nutrient level of the tree.

2. The best area for fertilization Because the fruit tree absorbs large roots and is mostly at the end of the main lateral root, the correct fertilization area is at the projected edge of the fruit tree canopy and a little further away. Fertilization in the whole garden should also be 1 meter away from the trunk. Since the root system in the range of 5 to 35 cm from the surface of the earth accounts for about 80% of the total amount, the depth of fertilization is preferably 20 to 50 cm.

3. The correct fertilization method, whether it is ring ditch application, radiation ditch application or strip ditch application, or the whole garden application, can not make the fertilizer into agglomerate. The decomposed organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, etc. should be thoroughly mixed with the rhizosphere soil, the fertilizer should be dispersed and breathable, and the nutrients should be slowly released to improve the utilization of nutrients. If the local concentration of the soil is too high, it is easy to cause root burning.

4. Pay attention to the protection of the root system to protect the root system, especially the fine roots growing on the lateral roots of each level of 0.3 to 0.5 cm. This kind of root has a large number of fibrous roots with good absorption function. The large roots exposed by the ditch should be buried in the loose soil after being turned over, and buried with the ploughing to prevent long-term wind and sun exposure.

5. Multiple organic fertilizers include organic fertilizers, composting; manure, chicken manure, human waste, grass fertilizer, green manure, crop straw weeds and leaves, etc., which not only contain various elements required by fruit trees, but also satisfy the tree body. The need for growth, and the long-term continuous use of organic fertilizer, can effectively improve the soil, so that the soil fertility and other fertility factors are more coordinated. The organic matter content of high-quality and high-yield orchards should reach 2% to 3%. When applying the base fertilizer, it is generally suitable to produce 1 kg of fruit and about 2 kg of organic fertilizer.

6. Organic fertilizer needs to be decomposed. The organic fertilizer needs to be decomposed by decomposing before it can be absorbed and utilized by fruit trees. The correct method is to mix manure, grass, straw, etc., add appropriate amount of water to seal with mud, and carry out high temperature stacking treatment. When the fertilizer is fully decomposed, the nutrient is converted and then applied. It takes 25 to 45 days for the decomposing of organic fertilizer in Futian.

7. Formulation of inorganic fertilizer fruit trees has a certain proportional relationship with various demand, and the soil contains nutrient elements. Therefore, according to the needs of fruit trees, according to the management level of orchard, soil conditions and fertilizer requirements, Fertilization formula. At the same time, because young fruit trees need more phosphorus, generally twice the nitrogen and potassium, so nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium can be 1:2:1, and after entering the fruiting period, because of the large amount of nitrogen and potassium required, Therefore, the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be adjusted to 2:1:2. Generally, the amount of base fertilizer is about 60% of the estimated fertilization amount in the next year.

8. Appropriate application of micro-fertilizer trace elements can not be ignored in the growth and development of trees and high-quality and high-yield. When the demand is insufficient, it is prone to deficiency syndrome, such as yellowing disease in iron deficiency and lobular disease in zinc deficiency. Commonly used micro-fertilizers are ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and the like. However, it should be noted that the direct application of ferrous sulfate into the soil will quickly convert into insoluble compounds, so it is better mixed with organic fertilizers such as nitrogen and phosphorus; borax is best mixed with organic fertilizers such as nitrogen and phosphorus; It should be added on the basis of adding organic fertilizer; manganese sulfate is easy to be fixed and cannot be directly applied to soil.

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