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New model of chemical industry - biocatalysis technology
Industrial biotechnology uses microbes or enzymes as catalysts for the transformation of substances and the large-scale production of chemicals, medicines, energy, and materials needed by humans. It is an effective means to solve the current human resource, energy, and environmental crisis. It provides downstream support for medical biotechnology and provides post-processing tools for agricultural biotechnology. The core of industrial biotechnology is biocatalysis. Compared with common chemical catalysts (usually strong acids and alkalis, etc.), biocatalysts have the following characteristics: high catalytic efficiency, for example, aspartic acid aminotransferase per kilogram can catalyze the production of aspartic acid whose weight is 100,000 times; Strong, the enzyme only chooses to catalyze a certain reaction and obtain a specific product, its site specificity, chemical specificity and stereospecificity; atomic economy is good, such as biocatalysis can complete the sterol compound C- The 11-position hydroxylation reaction, which is almost impossible to accomplish with the chemical catalytic method, is environmentally friendly because the biocatalyst—the nature of the enzyme and the microorganism—is a protein that can be easily eliminated after use. In addition, the reaction conditions are mild, generally at normal temperature and pressure, energy consumption and water consumption are also low. It can therefore be concluded that biocatalysis is one of the important trends in the development of green chemistry and green chemistry.