1. If the supporting infrastructure of the orchard is not in place, dwarf root cultivation requires more investment than conventional cultivation. The price of dwarfed rootstock seedlings is 4 to 5 times that of conventional seedlings. Because the root system of dwarfed seedlings is shallow, supporting columns and water and fertilizer integration are necessary. Some orchards were not able to erect support columns in time due to financial constraints. After heavy rains, they encountered strong winds, which could easily cause the trees to fall, causing the trees to be weak and toppling, and the gardens were not neat. Some orchards do not have supporting water and fertilizer integration and mulching facilities. Due to the shallow root system of the short-stocked apples, they have poor adaptability to the outside world. In the event of drought, poor tree growth is likely to cause small and old trees. It is not easy to restore the tree vigor. 2. The planting depth is inconsistent, and the orchard has poor neatness. Some orchards did not have the land leveled before planting the trees, and the flood was solidified. After planting, the watering is deep and shallow, resulting in uneven growth of the tree. The strong, the weak and the weak will bring great inconvenience to future production and management. 3. There are two extremes in plastic pruning. One is to cherish the branches as one's life, reluctant to remove the branches, causing the base branches to be too large, the dryness is weak, the tree grows too fast horizontally, and quickly crosses the crown; the other is to overemphasize the tree As long as the branches are more than 1/3 thick in the middle stem, they must be thinned out. Even thinning branches over the years will cause excessive vegetative growth of the tree. The tree shape is good-looking, which is not conducive to the stability and sustainable production of the tree. 4. There are still not many orchards that grow grass. Due to the influence of traditional concepts, most orchards are still implementing clear-farming systems, and some even rely on herbicides to kill weeds, which will seriously damage the orchard ecology and cause serious damage to the root system of fruit trees, especially shallow root systems. The hazards of herbicides are even more serious. 5. Don’t standardize dwarfing self-rooted seedlings when planting. The planting depth is required to be the same as that of the seedlings. The grafting interface should be exposed about 5 cm from the ground. Do not bury the grafting interface, otherwise it will easily cause the species to root and the tree will lose its dwarfing effect. Tree growth and fruit quality. Two, the solution 1. When building the garden, it must be equipped with a supporting column. The short anvil apple tree has no vertical roots, and mainly lateral rooting and fine roots. Therefore, the solidity of the ground is poor. When building the garden, cement pillars must be set up, generally every 15-20 meters along the tree line. The roots are for wind resistance. The pillars at both ends of the ground must be fixed with diagonally drawn iron wires, and three iron wires are drawn between the pillars to fix the trunk to the iron wire (you cannot tie the tree directly to the iron wire. To prevent the iron wire from damaging the trunk, tie the trunk Rubber or wooden strips, and leave room for movement when tied to the tree, which cannot be tightened). As the trunk increases, gradually fix the trunk and branches on the iron wire to enhance the stability of the tree body, strengthen the middle trunk, and pull the branches to the iron wire for fixation, to achieve the purpose of opening the angle, to ease the growth of the branches, and to promote it early Into flowers. Only in this way can we start production early and benefit early. 2. The integration of water and fertilizer must be supported. At least there are micro-irrigation measures. Micro-spraying and drip irrigation pipes are placed directly. Each tree has a sprinkler or dripper. Spray water according to the phenological period and the growth of the tree to ensure that the tree is normal and Rhythmic growth, combined with tree cover, can reduce soil evaporation and stabilize root growth environment. It can be covered with decomposed manure, crop straw, gardening ground cloth, etc. 3. Ensure that the planting depth is consistent. The growth potential of the dwarf seedlings has a great relationship with the planting depth. No matter what the rootstock is, the variety should not be buried in the ground when planting to prevent the variety from rooting. Ditching and backfilling before winter must be watered to sink. In spring, ridging is carried out immediately. Before planting, it is about 5 cm above the ground and the rope is drawn straight. 4. Cultivate a spindle-shaped tree to cultivate a strong mid-stem, and more than 30 fruiting branch groups spirally grow on the mid-stem. The primary condition of the spindle tree must be strong and medium. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of a third party are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone Crispy Apple Rings,Puffed Apple Rings,Apple Ring Snacks,Apple Rings Crisps Shanxi Fret International Trade Co.,Ltd , https://www.fretfruit.com
5. The cultivation of grass and dwarf stocks requires high soil conditions. However, the soil organic matter content of apple orchards in our country is seriously insufficient, below 1%, and there is not enough organic fertilizer to supplement. Grass growing is an effective method to increase soil organic matter content. Moreover, growing grass can also enrich the biological community of the orchard and stabilize the ecological environment of the root system of fruit trees, which is very beneficial to the growth of fruit trees. It can be grown naturally or artificially. Choose sage thatch, Poa pratensis, vetch, etc. The grass should be cut 3 to 5 times a year in accordance with climatic conditions. The cut grass is covered with tree trays and combined with autumn application of base fertilizer. In the ground. Artificial grass needs to be sprinkled with urea frequently to promote the growth of the grass, so as not to compete with the fruit trees for fertilizer, and plow once every 3 to 4 years.
Pay attention to the issues of apple dwarf cultivation
1. Existing problems