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One hundred Wei O'Brien biological animal husbandry in China after 20 years of continuous growth, animal products has been greatly developed, but with the food safety work carried out and the enhancement of people's health awareness, residues of veterinary drugs has become a hot social issues of general interest. In recent years, there have been more and more reports of food poisoning caused by veterinary drug residues and affecting the export of livestock and poultry products. Drug residues can not only produce acute and chronic toxic effects on carcasses, but also increase bacterial resistance. They can also cause harm to human health through the role of environment and food chain. Veterinary drug residues also affect the development of China's aquaculture industry and move to the international market. Therefore, effective measures must be taken to reduce and control the occurrence of veterinary drug residues.
First, the analysis of the causes of veterinary drug residues
The application of veterinary drugs has ensured the increase in production and efficiency of the livestock industry, but it also brought veterinary drug residues. In particular, some people have a large range, excessive, and incorrect use, and the phenomenon of excessive residues of harmful substances is serious, which poses a great hidden danger to the safety of animal products. The main causes of veterinary drug residues are as follows.
1. Promote growth and improve efficiency
Because veterinary drugs have the prevention and treatment of diseases caused by many pathogenic microbial infections, and some can also promote the growth of animals, some manufacturers in order to pursue high profits, violate national regulations, overdosage or excessive use of veterinary drugs and other illegal drugs in feed products. For example, banned veterinary drugs such as “clenbuterol†and olaquindox are added to the feed, and they are sold to farms or professional households on a large scale. On the other hand, some farms or professional households have a weak legal concept and are only considered illegal veterinary drugs from short-term economic interests. Producers and illegal additive products that add banned substances provide an “underground marketâ€.
2. Prevent diseases and reduce losses
In order to prevent stage parasitic diseases (such as coccidiosis, ascariasis) and white peony, a variety of antibacterial (insect) drugs are used in the feed, among which there are special drugs such as amprolium, chlorohydroxypyridine, and chlorpyrifos. , salinomycin, etc., there are also antibiotics, such as tetracyclines, furazolidones, etc., most of which have drug residues. Some farms or professional households often blindly use drugs on a large scale or in large doses, or become users of illegal products without knowing it.
3. To increase the color and hue of animal foods
Some enterprises illegally use bismuth preparations such as oxalic acid and rosacea to make pigmentation and increase the color of egg yolk and egg skin. There are also examples of illegal use of “Sudan Red†to enhance egg yellow. In particular, in recent years, some unscrupulous traders have maintained a good selling phase in order to extend the shelf life of aquatic products, and illegally use formaldehyde as a toxic preservative during transportation and sales, resulting in drug residue pollution of aquatic products.
4. The quality of veterinary drug products is unstable, and users lack testing methods.
Some farms or professional households have to increase the use of veterinary drugs to ensure the control of animal diseases. Because the drug residues need to be tested by laboratory tests, they cannot be sensed by the senses, so they are easily overlooked.
5. Low level of farming
For a long time, China's livestock and poultry breeding is still dominated by farmer households or small-scale family farming, and it is impossible to fundamentally change in a short period of time. Dispersed feeding has increased the difficulty of controlling veterinary drug residues and monitoring. Due to the low level of breeding and the lack of safety awareness, some livestock and poultry farms (households) do not continue to use veterinary drugs before or after the release of livestock and poultry, which causes veterinary drug residues, most typically During the treatment of antibiotics in dairy cows with mastitis, the “anti-raw milk†produced is still sold and continues to be consumed by humans.
Second, reduce the control measures of veterinary drug residues
Veterinary drug residues are related to the health and quality of life of the broad masses of the people. Reducing veterinary drug residues is an important part of the work of governments and animal husbandry and veterinary departments at all levels, and it is the responsibility and obligation of duty. It must be carried out from animal husbandry, veterinary drug production and research and development, supervision and management to ensure the safety of animal products.
1. Extensive publicity to raise awareness
Through various news media and various measures to promote the production of farms (households), veterinary drug production and business units (individuals), feed and feed additives, business units (individuals) and consumers to understand and master the scientific use of veterinary drugs And the importance of feed safety, improve the awareness of the safety of animal products, and reduce the harm of drug residues. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of the knowledge of using veterinary drugs for livestock and poultry in feeds. It is necessary to pay attention to the scientific methods of alternating use, joint use and limited use, with particular emphasis on having a withdrawal period to ensure that the residual amount of veterinary drugs in animal products reaches the minimum standard.
2. Proper use of veterinary medicine feed
Promote “green feed†to ensure the safety of raw materials, and widely use micro-ecological preparations, oligosaccharides, enzyme preparations, acid preparations, preservatives, Chinese herbal medicines and other green additives. Therapeutic drugs should be used under the guidance of veterinarians, and the drugs should not be abused and used indiscriminately to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the residue.
3. Promote standardized breeding of livestock and poultry
It is necessary to adhere to the principle of prevention-oriented, increase the prevention and control of animal diseases, and use scientific immunization procedures, medication procedures, and disinfection procedures to reduce the incidence of epidemics. To strengthen scientific feeding management, livestock and poultry farms must be allowed to slaughter livestock and poultry after the prescribed withdrawal period, and livestock and poultry should not be sold for human consumption during the drug withdrawal period. The veterinary drugs used in the feeding process must be permitted by relevant national laws and regulations. Do not use illegal drugs, unapproved drugs, drugs that may have "three-way" effects and allergic reactions. Standardized farms should make good records of medications and keep them in a safe place for future reference.
4. Strengthen the research and development of safety drugs
At present, some of the veterinary drugs produced in China are products that have been eliminated or will be banned in foreign countries, which seriously affects the export of livestock and poultry products in China. Therefore, the state and relevant enterprises must increase investment in scientific research, increase the capacity of independent scientific research and innovation, improve the scientific and technological content and safety of veterinary drug products, vigorously develop new, efficient and safe products, promote the use of enzyme preparations to replace antibiotics, and reduce illegal drugs. The use of drugs with "triad" effect and allergic reactions ensures the quality and safety of animal-derived foods.
5. Improve the organization and strengthen the detection of veterinary drugs
Accelerate the establishment and improvement of veterinary drug residue management and monitoring institutions, improve China's veterinary drug residue standard system, and form a complete veterinary drug residue management and testing network from the central to the local. Strict implementation of the determination of nitrofuran metabolite residues in animal-derived foods, determination of fluoroquinolone residues in eggs, determination of cyhalothrin residues in honey, and determination of penicillin residues in milk The national standards for the detection of veterinary drug residues in a number of animal source products, and the development of a veterinary drug residue monitoring plan, including veterinary drugs with high human health hazards, foreign key monitoring, and domestic abuse tendencies in the key monitoring plan, striving to achieve early Discover and deal with it early, thus avoiding human poisoning incidents and ensuring the safety of livestock products.
6. Strict law enforcement, strengthen supervision
All levels should strengthen the supervision and sampling of veterinary drugs, and veterinary drug manufacturers must meet GMP requirements and improve product qualification rate. Severely crack down on illegal production and sale of fake and inferior veterinary drugs. It is strictly forbidden to illegally produce drugs that have been explicitly banned by the state. Strictly implement the Regulations on the Administration of Veterinary Drugs, the Regulations on the Administration of Feed and Feed Additives and the supporting regulations, regulate the production and business practices of enterprises, and strictly stipulate and abide by the objects of use, duration of use, dosage of use and withdrawal period of veterinary drugs. Etc., prohibit the use of illicit drugs and approved drugs, restrict or prohibit the use of antibiotics shared by humans and animals or drugs that may have "three-way" effects and allergic reactions, ensure the standardized production and rational use of veterinary drugs, and truly reduce or avoid Veterinary drug residues.
Beijing Bio- Wowei Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (biobw) is a high-tech company specializing in biotechnology research and extensive application and promotion in Beijing. It is located in the Jiantai Street of Fengtai District, a Beijing-based enterprise. The promotion and application of biotechnology is earlier than 2011. At the beginning, the company was established in January 2013. The company mainly provides chromatographic consumables, chromatography equipment, solid phase extraction equipment, chemical reagents, sample bottles, xenon lamps, standard products, microbial technology, strain preservation services and ATCC product agents and other products and services.
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Analysis of the causes and countermeasures of veterinary drug residues
Analysis of the causes and countermeasures of veterinary drug residues !