Loofah is a melon dish that is abundant in summer. It has high nutritional value. It can be cold-boiled, boiled or fried. So what should be paid attention to during the planting process? The following small series will tell you in detail. 1 variety selection and seed treatment Loofah is divided into shuttle loofah, loofah, silk loofah and other varieties. The main variety suitable for planting in the Greater Xing'an Mountains is loofah, also known as pork loofah. The Hunan loofah variety was selected and used in the amount of 3.0~4.5 kg/hm 2 . The seeds are scalded by hot water at 55 °C, and after soaking for 8~10 h at room temperature after cooling, germination is carried out at 30 °C, and the germination is carried out once a day with warm water for 1~2 times, and then germinated after 3~4 days. 2 sowing seedlings 8 parts of garden soil with fresh soil or uncultivated melon vegetables and 2 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer were sieved and mixed, and then placed in a 8 cm × 10 cm nutrient bowl, poured into warm water and then to be broadcast. From the end of February to the beginning of March, the budding seeds are sown in the nutrient bowl, covered with fine soil 2~3 cm, covered with plastic film to keep warm and moisturize, keep 25~30 °C during the day, and the minimum temperature at night is not lower than 12 °C. Black shading net can be used to cover 1~2 h at noon, and the sunshine hours can be shortened appropriately to increase the flower bud differentiation rate. Continuous coverage for 5~7 days can effectively reduce the first female flower node and promote early flowering and early results. The temperature of the nursery room is controlled between 12 and 25 °C. When the seedlings grow to 5~7 true leaves after about 50 days, the vines begin to grow. 7 to 10 days before seedling transplantation, properly control water, increase ventilation and reduce temperature to refine seedlings, in order to cultivate strong seedlings. 3 Land preparation and land preparation Loofah is a vegetable that requires fertilizer and requires a large amount of water. The soil in the shed should be selected from loam or clay loam with high organic matter content and not easy to lose water. The shed work was carried out 1 month before the planting, that is, from the end of March to the beginning of April, according to the greenhouse area, a non-drip anti-aging polyethylene greenhouse film with a thickness of 10~12 mm was used for 1 575 kg/hm 2 . Loofah is a vegetable with a large amount of fertilizer. It should be combined with the base fertilizer to apply the base fertilizer. Generally, the organic fertilizer is applied with 45~60 t/hm 2 and the ternary compound fertilizer is 600 kg/hm 2 . After fertilization, the depth is 35 cm. After that, the ridges were flattened with a line spacing of 70 cm and a ridge height of 30 cm. 4 colonization According to the colonization safety period, the planting time is determined. When the minimum temperature in the shed is stable through 8~10 °C, and lasts for about 1 week, the 10 cm soil temperature can be stabilized by 10 °C. The colonization time is generally from the end of April to the beginning of May. When planting, the seedlings are required to grow to 5~6 leaves and 1 heart. The row spacing of planting plants is 50 cm×70 cm, and the seedlings are planted at 28,500 plants/hm 2 . After planting, the bottom water is poured. After slowing down the seedlings, the soil is cultivated in time to improve the ground temperature. Promote root development. 5 Field management 5.1 Water Management Loofah is moist, afraid of drought, and the soil moisture content reaches 70% or more to ensure the normal growth and flowering results of loofah. Generally, every 1 week or so, choose to water at 4: 00 - 5: 00 once, especially after the loofah enters the result period, it is necessary to maintain the relative humidity of the soil and air, so as to avoid the fiberization of the fruit during the melon period and lose the edible value. . 5.2 Fertilization management Plants are planted to slow down the seedlings until the main vines climb the scaffolding. According to the growth of the plants, the topdressing can be applied, and the human excrement of 1,500 to 3 000 kg/hm 2 can be applied. After the gourd enters the fruiting period, the nutrients consumed are large. To meet the crop growth needs, human faeces should be applied every 10~12 days. 6 750 kg/hm 2 + urea 150 kg/hm 2 or compound fertilizer 225 kg/hm 2 . 5.3 Branch Management When the plant branches grow to more than 30 cm, the vines are introduced in time, and artificial vines are tied at any time according to the growth of the plants, and too many thin side vines are removed, leaving more branches of female flowers for management. In addition, in order to reduce the nutrient consumption of the plant, the old leaves, yellow leaves, tendrils and excess male flowers should be removed during the fruiting period. 5.4 Artificial assisted pollination Loofah is a monoecious cross-flower crop. In the protected area cultivation, due to poor pollination, artificial supplementary pollination work is needed to increase the rate of sitting. After the gourd plant enters the flowering stage, the blooming male flowers are taken in the evening or early morning, the petals are removed, and the pollen is gently applied to the stigma of the female flowers, and each male flower is given a female flower. 5.5 Management of melons During the result of loofah, if the newly-formed melon is entangled with melon, tendril or sling, it should be smoothed out in time to prevent the formation of deformed melons, and at the same time remove the diseased melon and melon to avoid the spread of the disease. 5.6 Ventilation management The loofah is warm and heat-resistant. When the maximum temperature in the shed reaches 32 °C or above, it can be ventilated. The bottom wind and the string wind can not be placed. The wind can be released from the top and the waist, and the ventilation is carried out according to the plant growth and the temperature inside the shed. 6 pest control The loofah has strong disease resistance, and few pests and diseases occur in the Daxinganling area. Insect pests mainly include cucurbits and Spodoptera litura, and loofah mites can be controlled with Kung Fu emulsifiable concentrate or chlorpyrifos spray; Spodoptera litura can be controlled with malathion or Uranus emulsifiable spray. The main diseases are virus disease and leaf blight. The prevention and treatment of loofah virus disease is mainly to control aphids, and virus A can be used for prevention and control; loofah leaf blight can be controlled by 72% agricultural streptomycin or neomycin. 7 harvesting When the loofah fruit length reaches 15~35 cm and the fruit diameter is 3~5 cm, the fruit shape is long stick shape, the fruit color is green, and the fruit feels soft when harvested. The edible part of loofah is tender fruit. Generally, it is suitable for harvesting 10~12 days after flowering. The harvesting is too late. The fiber in the loofah meat is increased, the quality is deteriorated or even inedible, and it will affect the growth and development of the plant. For the loofah that meets the harvesting standard, cut it with the scissors at the loofah fruit handle every morning. To avoid scraping the loofah skin, use soft paper to wrap it in the basket and do not squeeze it. Through proper field management, loofah can be harvested in the Daxinganling area before and after the early October frost. Loofah is a vine plant, its cultivation method is simple, as long as attention to fertilizer and water management, disease prevention can achieve high yield, and as long as one species can be harvested full, the above is a detailed cultivation management method, you can carry out trial planting.
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[Package Dimension] 10 round pieces
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[Indications]
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[How To Use a Patch]
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[Attention]
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[Storage Conditions]
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