New discovery! The cause of Parkinson's disease is not in the brain

Release date: 2018-04-02

Parkinson has long been regarded as a disease that originated in the brain, and the central nervous system of the brain in the patient's brain gradually died, resulting in loss of tremor and exercise capacity. But a new study published this week in the "Brain" scientific journal clarifies another idea. The new study suggests that the initial cause of Parkinson's disease gene mutation may not be in the brain, but hidden in the peripheral immune system for common infections. Among the immune responses, the study provides a new understanding of Parkinson's disease.

Dr. Richard Smeyne, Professor of Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, "We know that brain cells of microglia can cause inflammation, eventually destroying the brain area and causing Parkinson's disease movement, but it is not clear in this process. How does the common genetic mutation occur and whether this mutation alters microglia."

Elena Kozina, a postdoctoral fellow at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, and Dr. Richard Smeyne, the first author of this paper, studied the LRRK2 gene mutant. Mutations in the LRRK2 gene are the most common cause of hereditary Parkinson's disease, and this genetic mutation is found in 40% of North African Arab descendants and 18% of German Jewish descendants of PD. However, carrying the LRRK2 gene mutation itself is not sufficient to cause PD to occur.

Dr. Elena Kozina said, “We know that if twins carry mutations in the LRRK2 gene at the same time, they don’t necessarily have Parkinson, they also need a triggering event.”

According to a previous study by Dr. Richard Smeyne, the flu may increase the risk of Parkinson's disease. Based on this result, Dr. Smeyne decided to investigate whether the cause of Parkinson's disease is related to infection. The researchers used a bacterial shell called lippopolysaccharide (LPS), which activates peripheral immune cells, but does not itself cross the blood-brain barrier into the brain, and the activated immune cells do not migrate into the brain. On the surface, it seems that LPS does not directly affect the brain.

When the researchers injected LPS into two of the most common LRRK2 mutant mice, the immune response of these mice became a "cytokine storm," and the inflammatory mediators rose to 3-5 times the normal response of LPS. Level. These inflammatory cytokines are secreted by T and B immune cells carrying the LRRK2 mutant gene.

Although LPS did not cross the blood-brain barrier, the researchers found that elevated cytokines can enter the brain, creating an environment that causes microglia to activate and destroy the brain regions involved in exercise.

Dr. Smeyne said, “Although more tests are needed to prove this connection and test humans, the findings provide us with a new way of thinking about the cause of Parkinson's disease. Although we can't use immunosuppressants Patients prevent this disease, but if this mechanism is confirmed, other interventions may effectively reduce the chance of developing the disease." (Sun Huan / compiled)

References in this article:

1Eurekalert website "Parkinson's gene initiates disease outside of the brain"

Source: Health Times Network

Thermal Vision Camera Imagery

A thermal camera, also called infrared imager, is a type of measuring tool that detects infrared radiation emitted from objects in low light or total darkness, and allows the camera to capture images. There are two major categories of products: Handheld monocular thermal cameras and Uncooled infrared thermal imager. These series of thermal vision camera products have the characteristics of compact, low power consumption, easy to integrate, which are the highly competitive infrared thermal imager. It can be widely used in outdoor night vision, rifle telescope, smart industry, environmental protection, security, surveillance, firefighting, and search and rescue operations.

Chengdu JRT Main Smart Sensor: Industrial Laser Distance Sensors, Laser Rangefinder Sensor , Tof LiDAR Sensors.


Thermal Vision Camera,Monocular,Heat Imaging Camera,Thermal Infrared Imager

Chengdu JRT Meter Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.irdistancesensor.com