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Non-pollution cabbage cultivation techniques
The Pingfang District of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province has a history of planting autumn cabbage for more than ten years. For a long time, the production of autumn cabbage has become one of the agricultural pillar industries in the bungalow area. The annual production area of ​​autumn cabbage is maintained at 666.7 hm2 or more, and the total annual output is about 40 million kg. . The cabbage area of ​​Pingfang District passed the environmental quality inspection in Harbin City in 2001. Both the producing area and the environment meet the pollution-free Chinese cabbage production standards. In order to ensure the quality of pollution-free Chinese cabbage, a non-pollution cabbage cultivation technique was developed. 1 Variety selection should be selected for varieties with strong disease resistance, good quality and high yield, such as spring cabbage, spring and summer king, Longchangbai, Lubai 7 and other cabbage varieties. 2 Site preparation and fertilization Cabbage fields require 3 years or more of rotation with corn, and do not work with crucifer crops. Generally, the stubble land is left to dry, and the ridges are re-rided in mid-to-late June. The weeds are turned into the soil, the ridge height is 15 to 18 cm, and the ridge width is 70 cm. Then apply 75 to 90 tons of organic fertilizer per hectare and do not use chemical fertilizer. The fertilizer is applied to the ditch, and then the ploughing table is used to break the ridge, so that the fertilizer is buried in the ridge, and finally the suppression is performed again, so that the ridged soil is tightly preserved and the seeding state is achieved. 3 seed treatment and sowing seed treatment using warm soup soaking seed method, the first seed in cold water infiltration, and then placed in 55 °C water to maintain 15min, immediately remove and cool to cold water, dry after sowing; pesticide seed dressing using 50% Fujimi double 0.2% to 0.3% of the seed weight of wettable powder seed dressing. From July 18 to July 25, the planting rate of hectares per hectare is 3kg, and the number of preserved seedlings per hectare is 3.8 to 42,000. 4 After the emergence of cabbage in the field, the seedlings are usually planted in 2 true leaves for the first time, 4 to 5 plants per hole, 4 to 5 true leaves, and 2 to 3 plants per hole; 6 to 8 Real leaves when the film Dingmiao. Timely shovel annihilation of grass, usually after the emergence of cabbage 6 ~ 7d or sparsely across the seedlings spade head everywhere, this time the seedlings are small, shallow roots, shallow shovel 3 ~ 4cm, with the exception of grass-based; shovel before and after the second seedling All over the earth, mainly loose soil, shovel 8 to 10cm; shovel 3 times before the cabbage mulching, dig the soil on the ridge, and extend the lotus leaf to prevent the plants from standing upright. Occurrence of rot. During the rosette stage and the ball stage, if any defertilization occurs, 7.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 7.5 kg of urea solution may be sprayed per hectare of foliage. In areas with irrigation conditions, irrigation can be carried out during the rosette stage and ball stage combined with topdressing, but sewage irrigation is strictly prohibited to prevent soil contamination. 5 Pest Control 5.1 Disease Prevention and Control a. In the early stage of the onset of downy mildew, 80% Ketiming 400-600 times liquid or 72% Kelu 600-800 times liquid spray is used for prevention and treatment. b. In the early stage of the onset of soft rot, 30% DT bactericide 1000 times solution or 3% cecromone 600 ～ 800 times solution spray is used for prevention and treatment. c. In the early stage of viral disease, 2% of the bacteria and grams of water and 200 to 250 times of the liquid or 20% of the virus A wettable powder 600 times spray control. d. Melasma was sprayed with 75% Chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 50% Propionin 1000-1500 times solution. e. White spot disease is sprayed with 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times. 5.2 Insect pest control a. Fighting A three-day period after the emergence of cabbage, with 48% of the Loester EC 1.5L/hm2 or 90% trichlorfon crystal 800 ~ 1000 times spray control. b. The cabbage caterpillar is sprayed with BT Sudley 1.5-2.2L/hm2 or strong enemy 312 biological pesticide 800-1000 times spray. c. Aphids were sprayed with 10% Da Gongchen WP 1500-2000 times. d. Radish flies with sugar 500g, vinegar 1kg, trichlorfon 25g, water 1kg made into the mixture to kill the adult, or in the adult egg production peak period, using 48% or 10% trichlorfon crystal 600 ~ 800 Double liquid irrigation and control. 6 Harvest Harvested around October 5, generally about 15 days before harvesting, test the pesticide residue of cabbage, require a net vegetable or package to be listed, and disable the pesticide 30 days before the harvest. (Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150060, China)