With the development of the world's agriculture, agricultural products of various agricultural and forestry crops that are free of pollution, residue, and quality are required. It is necessary to use more advanced technology and scientific equipment to create a lot of highly effective and low-toxic pesticides, biological liquid fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, and plant growth regulators that have been invented in modern China. Most of these pesticides and fertilizers need to use root irrigating technology to deliver various effective liquids through the soil to the root zone of plants in order to exert their desired effects. Produce the necessary high-nutrition, non-toxic, ecological farm products.
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Keywords: soil testing formula deep application of liquid fertilizer, root irrigation techniques, corn fertilizer, the Ministry of Agriculture "11th, 5th" recommended fertilizer deeper implements LYJ water-saving drug fertilizer gun.
"Radial irrigation" refers to the direct application of fertilizers, water, and pesticides required by plants to deeply rooted roots (not leaching and rooting) to form a nutrient-intensive root-growing area. The object is sent directly to the "tummy," which is to inject the plant. Using this method, it is obvious that the liquid is injected into the roots of the plants so that the fertilizers, water, and pesticides required by the plants can be absorbed by the plants to the maximum extent, thereby exerting excellent results. Reduced loss, evaporation, and waste to save fat, save water, save medicine, protect the environment from being polluted, reduce waste, use special fertilizer guns as a special tool, and cooperate with “test soil fertilization†directly to plant root irrigation. The liquid, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, calcium, iron, zinc, and other soil improvement regulators promote agricultural harvest. The LYJ water-saving fertilizer gun and its application of root irrigation technology and mechanical performance can meet all the above requirements. Therefore, the Ministry of Agriculture in April 2005 again recommended the only liquid fertilizer deep application equipment for soil testing and formula fertilization; only Only in this way can the soil test formula and the various trace elements required by the plant be poured at any depth of 3-50 cm in the plant root zone.
1 Root irrigation must use plant growth regulating elements to change the reasonable structure of the soil to achieve a theoretical basis for a certain harvest.
1.1 Due to the long-term use of chemical fertilizers, soil microorganisms have been destroyed, their activity has been greatly reduced, and ion exchange has been difficult to absorb and adsorb, resulting in a variety of irrecoverable or underconsumption.
1.2 soil salinization, acidity and alkalinity deterioration, rigid consolidation, poor air permeability, soil deterioration, invalid elements and pesticide residues.
1.3 The balance between nutrients in soil nutrients is destroyed, resulting in antagonism between the nutrient elements. The proportion of nutrients in the land is also imbalanced. The longer the planting period, the more prominent this contradiction is.
1.4 The nutrient concentration is an important factor affecting the root absorption. When the concentration of nutrients in the soil exceeds a certain amount, the ability of the plant's root to select and absorb ions weakens. Even the roots of burns may appear, and the plant grows into a deficiency condition and other undesirable phenomena. Various underground diseases and insect pests flooded. The status of agricultural land surveys conducted by agricultural experts is widespread, and surveys are conducted on the serious imbalances in nutrients required by plants in the soil. What are the missing elements? However, the required molecular units are high, but their content is very low. Some are afraid of sunlight and bare air. These plant regulators that must be used should be rooted and dispersed in the soil surrounding the roots of plants. Play the role of fossil gold, to ensure agroforestry harvest.
1.5 LYJ drug gun because of transparent control, flexible switch, accurate measurement, easy to use, the gun body is all high-strength engineering plastics, will not be corrosive, the elements used: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, boron, silicon, selenium, calcium Liquids such as iron, zinc, and copper do not undergo qualitative changes due to discomfort of the appliance, and they can achieve the purpose of root filling of plant growth regulators for various soil transformations.
2 Soil testing is required to understand the soil structure. The LYJ multi-functional water-saving fertilizer gun is used to fill the soil with the necessary elements to make up for the lack of earthworms, and the soil is reformed to create an excellent environment for plant growth and achieve a good harvest.
2.1 The root zone of the plant is supplemented with various growth elements that the plants lack, change the soil structure, and deliver an effective liquid to the plants. It is injected directly into the root zone of the plant to facilitate the direct absorption of the roots of the plants for the purposes of harvest.
2.2 It has been reported that after the 20th century, three-quarters of the plants, grains, cotton, oil, vegetables, melons, fruits and other sources that humans need have to be solved by increasing the yield per unit area of ​​cultivated land. The main measures for increasing crop yields are genetic. Engineering, plant rhizosphere technology and plant growth regulators; root irrigation is to supplement plants with all kinds of essential auxin, humic acid bacteria, use of science and comprehensive application of these technologies. Among them, plant growth regulators and micro-fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers, and humic acid fertilizers are used in small quantities, and the efficiency of production increase is high. Generally, they are all in the range of 10% to 50%, and are convenient to use and safe, and have a small amount of quick effect.
2.3 When your plant needs to top-dressing, top-up liquid fertilizer with a fertilizer gun and roots to the roots. These concentrated fertilizers can act as catalysts in a small area of ​​roots. They can activate those that are not effective. Trace elements make it an effective element for use by plants. Anyone knows that plants can only absorb liquid substances and cannot absorb solid substances. Liquids do not need to be dissolved and absorbed by roots. Therefore, the efficiency of solid fertilizers is increased by 40-50%. This is why liquid root irrigation can save chemical fertilizers. It can increase the theoretical basis of the output 10-50%. What is more prominent is the reduction of agricultural costs, the absence of environmental pollution, and the provision of scientific equipment and methods for ecological agriculture.
Plant growth regulators have a wide range of applications in agriculture and can be said to be difficult to do with cultivation techniques or means. Plant growth regulators can be used. Practice has proved that it can regulate and control the growth and development of plants, to a certain extent can overcome the unfavorable factors in the agricultural environment, improve crop resistance and photosynthesis efficiency, and change the distribution of photosynthesis to achieve improved yield and quality improvement. aims. From the point of view of agricultural production, its biggest advantage is small input and large output, strong resistance (cold resistance, resistance to hydrazine, acid resistance, salt and alkali resistance, etc.). Experts pointed out that the increase in production depends on seed improvement and fertilizer and plant growth regulators, and the scientific use of pesticides and other sterilized and humic acids in “plant rootsâ€. However, these new high-tech products have no root-irrigating agricultural implements. Therefore, long-term single sprayers cannot be used for root irrigation. This is known to agricultural science, agricultural technology, and farmers. Farmers are reluctant to use pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, and bacterial fertilizers that require root irrigation, and they cannot demonstrate the scientific and technological advantages of such products. Only the LYJ water-saving fertilizer guns recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture in 2005 were used. In order to really play its fat effect.
Soil testing and formula fertilization in addition to the proportion of formula applied base fertilizer, but also pay attention to the process of plant growth, soil nutrient deployment, detoxification phenomenon to solve the corn cultivation, for example, in order to corn quality and high yield, must follow the formula to recover three times the fertilizer .
Maize is a high-yielding food crop and generally requires more fertilizer. For every 100 kg of corn produced, 3.4 kg of nitrogen (N), 1.23 kg of phosphorus (P2O5), 3.26 kg of potassium (K2O), and nitrogen and phosphorus are absorbed from the soil. The ratio of potassium to potassium is approximately 1:0.36:0.96. The absorption of nutrients is different in each growth period of corn. Absorption at the seedling stage is low. At the jointing stage (from the beginning of the jointing stage to the big bell stage), the absorption of nitrogen accounts for 44.88% of the total absorption, and the absorption of nitrogen at the ear stage is 32.31%. This means that the maize is absorbed from the jointing stage to the panicle stage. Nitrogen accounted for 76.19% of the total absorption, which is a key period for fertilization in the whole growth period. Seizing these two key periods of fertilization is very important for increasing yield.
3 corn formula fertilization method:
3.1 Spring corn area will use 30% nitrogen fertilizer and all phosphorus fertilizer as base fertilizer, and the other 70% nitrogen fertilizer will be used as returning green fertilizer 20%, jointing fertilizer 30%, big horn ear fertilizer 20%, that is, high quality and high yield of maize Less.
3.2 In the summer maize area, it is generally too late to apply base fertilizer. The total phosphorus, potash fertilizer and 30% nitrogen fertilizer are applied in combination with cultivating in the fixed seedlings. The other 70% nitrogen fertilizer is applied in two separate batches, that is, 40% for joint fertilizer and 30 for big horn ear fertilizer. %, every top-dressing can increase production by 7% -10%, and it can increase production by supplementing topdressing fertilizer in corn soil.
Combining the differences in soil organic matter in different regions, formulas for chase fertilization are also different. In various types of black soils and white-oil soils in Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces in northeastern China, due to relatively high levels of organic matter in these soils, nitrogen is added. Phosphate fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied as appropriate, the total amount of chemical fertilizer can also be less, the application of chemical fertilizer is still dominated by nitrogen and phosphorus, you can not use potassium. Nitrogen 10, phosphorus 4, total nutrient 14, of course, depending on the test formulation needs.
In North China, Northwest China and other regions, due to the cultivation of high-yielding corn varieties in recent years, the amount of fertilizer required is relatively more. There are three kinds of ratios in the program, one is high nitrogen and high phosphorus, the other is high nitrogen and low phosphorus, and the other is Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements. The formula is still dominated by nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. Therefore, the soil fertility in these areas accounted for a large proportion of medium and low, the soil lacks both nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency, and there is no shortage of potassium, so the main application of formula fertilization nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers. When planting high-yielding corn or soil potassium deficiency, nitrogen 10, phosphorus 4, and potassium 4 can be used, and the total ratio is 18. The formula of nitrogen 10, potassium 6, phosphorus 4 and total nutrients 20 is applicable to the areas where maize is cultivated in the south. Since the soils in these provinces are mostly acidic, and the amount of rainfall is high, nutrient loss is serious, and both nitrogen and phosphorus are lacking in the soil. Potassium, therefore, corn needs nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. According to the experimental results, the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers is better than the single application of nitrogen or phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In fact, corn is a crop that requires more potassium. In areas where farm manure is used less often, land with more nitrogen fertilizer tends to have nutrient imbalances of nitrogen and potassium. The phenomenon of potassium deficiency in maize also occurs frequently, and the effect of potash fertilizer on maize yield is also obvious.
To solve the problem of corn fertilizer, advanced equipment and scientific fertilizer application methods are needed.
Because corn is a high-yielding crop and requires a large amount of fertilizer, it is necessary to apply appropriate fertilizers to meet the nutrient needs of the entire breeding period of corn. After the experiment, the yield of a high-yield corn is 600-700kg, which requires 50-60kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 15kg of potash, and 10kg of phosphate fertilizer. In addition to the base fertilizer, 3 must be topdressed to achieve the fertility process of high-yield and high-quality corn. The seeds to be selected have high germination rate, seedling top soil strength, green return, strong growth, hard stems, strong toughness, lodging resistance, compact plant type, well-developed root system, plant height 230-250cm, ear length 23-25cm, Not bald and lack of grain, no shortage of lines, half-horse type, seeding rate of 90% to 95%, seeds strong resistance. The best ridge width is 40-50cm, two rows, 30cm spacing, and 4200-4500 acres. Adapted to use LYJ water-saving fertilizer gun topdressing back green manure, jointing fertilizer, large bell mouth strong fertilizer, take a step can be fertilizer two ridge 12 seedlings, intercropping a vertical operation and labor-saving high work efficiency.
We often find that the same corn variety, planted in the same village, is very close to one another, and should have the same long type, and the length of the spike, yield, and seed grain should be the same, which is determined by the nature of the same species. It is also well known, but when it comes to autumn harvest, the reality is not the same, and the yield difference is between 10% and 20%. We found this situation in the same area of ​​a village. The plots were the same and the long plants were basically the same. Asked the local accompanied agricultural technicians why? The same seed, why corn in the same type of growth is very good, the grain of the ear is tidy and sturdy, there is no phenomenon of baldness and short grain, and there are more than one thousand of major grain yields. There are great differences between the advantages and disadvantages of the acquisition of seeds. Can you introduce the experience? He smiled and said several reasons, one crop of flowers, relying solely on fertilizers. When we grow corn today, because it is seed corn, the seed is given by the seed company. How much fertilizer and what fertilizer to use, the seed companies come to guide people. However, they do not care how to apply fertilizer. Anyway, the chemical fertilizers are applied to the ground. However, the method of fertilization is not the same for everyone. People are afraid of trouble. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers are also distributed according to the old methods. They are sprinkled in the ground together with the base fertilizer. Re-cultivation, leveling, ditching sowing, underground half, half the ground, although some seeds are coated seeds, when the base fertilizer is applied, these people are the same, the key is to top-up knowledge is big. 1, no matter what kind of crops, light enough base fertilizer is not enough, because the seeds germinate, grow to 6-7 leaves, there is 40-50cm high, the fertility of the base fertilizer can not be connected, and it should be promptly pursued Return to young and strong; they also apply seedlings, which are digging holes to dig holes and fertilize. This method is very tiring. When digging, people have to bend their waists and carry out fertilization. Now we are planting plastic film crops, because the film Insulation is good, but when topdressing, it is necessary to break the membrane and top-dressing. There are many processes: underarms, digging holes, fertilizing, covering the soil, and then up and down the membrane to cover the topsoil and cover the soil. However, both the mulching corn and the open-air corn are Both of them were unable to recover one mu of land after being tired and back pain. Because of being too tired, some people would save their time by sprinkling chemical fertilizers into the ground. This is an approach that both agricultural and soil fertilizer technicians have opposed in recent years. Urea fertilizer is most afraid of being exposed on the surface of the sun because nitrogen molecules are very active. When the sun is exposed to the sun, the wind will have to nitrify most of the time. Watering in time will not increase the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer because urea and bicarbonate will be absorbed by water. The amount of water that is poured and poured is not much, and part of the water is washed away. If it is left untouched on the land surface, it will be volatilized. At the same time it will pollute the environment. How much plant can absorb is limited. 2, when the heading of corn should be chasing clubs jointing fertilizer. 3, top-dressing panicle fat is the most important, if the paternity of the father and mother when the flower is not as high, pollination does not meet will reduce production. Therefore, it is even more difficult to topically apply the corn big bell mouth strong grain fertilizer. The plant grows tall, such as corn 1, 5-2, 2m high, chase after two fertilizers, hot weather, plants grow tall, rod thick, leafy, people We must work on the branches, leaves, and fruits of the plants in fear of damaging the plants. Only in this way can we sprinkle them on the surface. Now most of the rural male laborers and strong laborers have gone to cities to work. Most of the crops in the ground fall on women. They are too hard to get tired. When they can't afford it, many people do not have to top-up fertilizers. And the quality of seeds is greatly affected.
We are different from them. We purchased a batch of multi-functional water-saving fertilizer guns from Zhangye Gansu Gansu Gunnery Company. According to the manufacturer's instructions, we carried out plant root irrigation, that is, eating crops for food alone. When we just got a dressing gun, some of them People feel too much trouble. Fertilizer has to be turned into water first. With a sprayer on it, it takes too much time for root irrigation. However, in actual operation, work efficiency is 8-10 times faster than planing pit. One person can top-dress four acres of land a day, and also save 40%. Agronomists told everyone that plants can only absorb liquids and solids do not absorb them. In the past, we only used 15% of fertilizer for utilization, and buried 35% for buried soil and burrowing plants. Weak liquid fertilizer directly to the plant's belly gave them ate-only food. Fertilizer utilization reached 70% or more. This is not what the manufacturers and we have blown. It has been repeatedly demonstrated by experts from the national science and technology department and the agricultural sector. The roots of the fertilizer that it irrigates will not be evaporated by the sun and air in the roots of the plants. They will not be washed away by water, and they will not leak. Weeds will not be caught. Directly to corn, cotton, peanuts, vegetables, melons and roots to eat alone food, crops can not harvest it. It takes up to two or three seconds for top dressing and one to twenty to twenty seedlings for one minute. Standing without bending, a trigger can be seen to fill the roots of the fertilizer. Especially when applying big bell-mouth fertilizer to corn, the growth of corn in one area is not the same, and the height of the male and female parents is uneven. When the corn is drawn, it is difficult to get flour. The low-father father and mother's topdressing of ammonia-based quick-release fertilizers is to give rise to a weak opening spot. Ammonia bicarbonate is a fast-acting gas fertilizer that cannot be applied to the surface. It cannot be immediately irrigated after chasing the fertilizer. This is the key time for the LYJ water-saving drug fertilizer gun to exert its unique effect because of the hydrogencarbonate and ammonia solution that is turned into water. Immediately after entering the soil, it is absorbed by the roots of corn, especially nitrogen liquid roots are poured into the ground, which activates the inactive phosphorus, ineffective potassium and other trace elements in the ground like a catalyst. The roots of plants are absorbed the second time, and the fertilizer efficiency is high. The old method is to topdress 50 kg of urea on an average of one acre, and only 30 kg for root irrigation.
100kg of urea price increases to 185 yuan, 40% of the province is a province to save 75 yuan; with water-saving fertilizer guns, at least one mu of land, and the province has to top-dressing artificial 4, is 60 yuan, increase production by 11-15% Add another 30 yuan. The comprehensive economic income generated by top-dressing gun root irrigation is 120-150 yuan less. It can also be rooted in pesticides, soil disinfection, pest control and treatment; drought can not be watered, can be mixed fertilizer, pesticides, water irrigation, in one fell swoop, really convenient. If 10 million mu of root fertigation can be produced according to the above method, we can achieve economic benefits of more than 1.5 billion yuan.
Therefore, the Ministry of Agriculture twice recommended the LYJ multifunctional water-saving fertilizer gun as a deep-fertilizer for formula testing fertilizer, highlighting the superiority of its application in agriculture. Root irrigation is a highly practical science and technology. Widespread promotion will exert tremendous economic and social benefits.
Zhangye gun Root Irrigation Technology Institute of dressing: Liu Yuejiang expert Tel 734 012 Zip finalized 