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The selection and breeding of pro-Bao species produces variegated abalone cultivated on the coast of Guangdong Province. The peak period of spawning is from September to November. This period can be used to conduct large-scale autumn nursery (the main production is autumn seedlings). It is also possible to raise the temperature of the winter, and to conduct spring nursery in April-May (spring shoots as a supplement). In the first few months of harvesting, individuals weighing 5.5 cm or more were selected from the abalone as a species of abalone. At the same time, it was also requested that the individuals selected should have good health, strong vigor, and good gonadal development. The selected species of abalone are washed, and the sessile organisms on the shells are removed and placed in a seed pond for intensive cultivation. The cultivation and management of pro-Bao is a very important period in August-September. This period of time is the season when the variegated abalone is feeding heavily and the gonadal development is fastest. However, at this time, it is at the turn of the summer and autumn, when the water temperature is high, it is necessary to diligently flush the pool, pay attention to the amount of feed, and there should be no rot and residual food remaining in the pro-Brai breeding cage. At the same time pay attention to the use of a variety of bait mixed feeding (such as kelp, stone sarcophagus, Jiang Yan, etc.), in order to promote the development and maturation of the pro-abagon gland. By the end of September, when the progenitors of Pro-Bal are mature and mature, they can cultivate autumn seedlings.
Diatom cultivation points Before the bait culture, thoroughly sterilize the bait plates, soak them in 0.05% sodium hydroxide for 1-2 days, then rinse thoroughly with clean water and place them in the rack for use. Diatom cultures were inoculated by filtration through a NX103 mesh (55 micron pore size). During the cultivation period, the light intensity is preferably 1000-2000 lux; and nutrients are continuously added. The nutrient salts mainly contain nitrogen, phosphorus silicon and iron. If cockroaches occur during this period, dipterex can be used for 2 to 3 hours to soak for 24 hours, then change the water and add nutrients.
Parental selection and induced spawning Because of the individual differences in the gonad development of pro-Abs, the choice of maturity is required when spawning. Its criteria are: bulging gonads, full gonads, covering a large area. Mature gonads, female abalone are brown or dark green, and male abalones are milky white. According to Bao's spawning habits, picking eggs is best done at night. If eggs are collected during the day, enough dark conditions must be maintained.
There are many ways to induce spawning and they can be used in combination with each other. The main ones are: Ultraviolet Ray Irradiation Seawater: Injecting ultraviolet rays into seawater in the urine production tank, the irradiation dose is 300-800 mW/h. Dry and dry stimulation method: pro-Bao first dried at room temperature for 30-60 minutes, and then put into sand-filtered seawater that has been irradiated with ultraviolet rays in advance. Lifting and warming method: The water temperature in the urine-producing pool will increase by 1°C per hour, and will rise to 3-4°C and then fall back to the original water temperature. This will have a good induction effect.
After artificial insemination induced by intimacy, there will be sperm ovulation phenomenon; semen is white smoke, and the egg is red-brown spherical. Over time, the ability to inseminate fertilized eggs diminishes. Therefore, insemination must be completed within one hour of egg production. Fertilization is suitable for 1500 sperm around each egg. Sperm density can be measured with a blood count plate. The fertilized eggs should be washed in a timely manner. The method is to drain the upper clear water after the egg is submerged, and repeat it more than 5 times.
The stripping of the young abalone and the rearing of the young abalone were cultivated on the picking plate for one month and gradually grew to 0.4-0.5 cm. At this time, the bait on the picking plate was basically consumed, and the young abalone must be stripped from the picking plate. And the transition to the bottom of the breeding. Peeling methods include manual stripping and anesthesia. The manual stripping method is to swipe with a brush to remove the juvenile abalone from the seedling plate and fall to the bottom of the pool. For anesthesia, more alcohol is currently used as an anesthetic agent. When used, seawater is used to form a 2% concentration. The picking plate and the baby abalone are immersed in the liquid for 2 minutes. Vibrating the seedling plate or gently rubbing the young abalone with a sponge is sufficient. Shedding the bottom of the pool.
The rearing of the hatchlings of variegated abalone adopts the method of rearing four-foot bricks at the bottom of the pond to best effect. Before picking seedlings, they have stacked four-foot bricks on the bottom of the pool. Generally, 15 foot bricks are discharged per square meter with a spacing of 7-10 centimeters. The bottom of the pool should be filled with enough air. The water depth in the pool is about 0.7 meters. The flow rate is 5 times the amount of water fed to the body every day. When the shell length exceeds 6 mm, it should be no less than 6 times. The rearing density is 2000-3000 parcels per square meter. Feeding bait can be artificially fed to sprouting, but the use of seaweed bait (mainly Jiangling) and artificial bait is better. Artificially combined diets play an extremely important role in the cultivation of abalone seedlings. Currently used artificially-combined diets are powdery (pre-use), flake-like and granular (later use). The feeding amount of bait is related to the size of the individual and the water temperature. Generally, the daily feeding amount can be controlled at 5-7% of the weight of the juvenile abalone.
The youngsters are generally active at night, so the feeding schedule is scheduled to take place in the evening. When baiting, the bait is soaked in water and spread evenly. Within 30-60 minutes of feeding the food, water inflow should be suspended. The daily management content of breeding. Rushing Pool: Wash every 2-3 days. Drain the pool water while rinsing the pool. Rinse the bottom of the pool with dirt and residual baits, and quickly add fresh seawater. Adjust the feeding amount of bait: Observe the feeding condition of the youngsters and control the feeding amount. When the water temperature is too high, reduce the feeding amount of the artificial bait and prevent it from affecting the water quality. Adjust the amount of water flow: When the temperature is high, try to adjust the amount of water flow. In rainy days, use drainage facilities to drain the fresh water from the upper layer.
Variety Bao industrialized seedling raising technology
Haliotis diversicolor (common name is Haliotis diversicolor, commonly known as the nine-hole abalone) The shells are ovoid and have a strong texture. The shells are green, red or brown. The color of the shells can be changed according to the change of the bait. It is a major cultured species in the southern coastal areas of China. This outline outlines the key links in pro-Bao cultivation, bait cultivation, oxytocin production, and the cultivation of young fish.