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Seedbed soil should be selected loose, fertile, strong water retention, 2-3 years have not been planted onion, garlic vegetable plots. Each mu of field needs 0.5 points (35 square meters) for the seedbed, with 0.2 kg of seed. It is generally planted from late September to early October. To apply base fertilizer before sowing, 45% of compound fertilizer can be used, 2-3 kilograms per minute after sowing, plowing, fine soil preparation, 1.5-meter (even ditch) wide rake, irrigated with water, dry Seeds are sown and covered with fine soil or coke ash after sowing, in order not to see the seeds. After covering the soil, 33% of weeding can be sprayed with 100 ml per acre seedbed to prevent seedbed weeds. After weeding, cover with a layer of straw or sun visor, which will help moisturize and protect the rain. Keep the soil moist before emergence. About 60% of the seedlings on the seedbed can be removed when they grow.
After the cover is removed, water shall be sprayed in time according to weather conditions to prevent the seedbed from whitish, and 1% urea may be topdressed in combination with watering to regulate age-appropriate seedlings through fertilizer and water control. It is necessary to prevent the seedlings from growing too large, causing early bolting, but also to avoid the delicate growth of seedlings, affecting the winter. Generally cultivated onion seedlings have about 4 true leaves, plant height 20-25 cm, sheath diameter 6-7 mm, and plant weight about 5 g.
Transplant planting
To select the last two years did not plant onion, garlic vegetables, loose, fertile, water-saving neutral sand loam field planting onions. Before the ploughing, sprinkle 75 kg of lime per acre, and then use a tractor to turn the soil till the lime and soil are fully mixed to adjust the acidity of the soil. After rotary tillage, more than 2000 kg of manure, 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the field per acre of land per acre. Fully mixed, the soil is fine and loose. After the second round of rotary ploughing, soil preparation was performed. The rake was 1.5 meters wide (even ditch). The sorghum surface was required to be leveled and the ditch was straight and water-passed so that the sewers, gutters, and gutters were matched. Before planting, mu can be sprayed with 33% weeding 100ml field spray to prevent weeds.
Planting should be transplanted according to the size of onion seedlings so that their growth is consistent, and large seedlings with a sheath diameter of more than 8 mm and weak seedlings and diseased seedlings with a diameter of less than 3 mm are excluded. The planting period is generally from late November to early December, and requires the average temperature to be planted at 4-5°C. It takes about 30 days for the onion to regenerate from the colonization, so it is necessary to promote the growth of the root system well before the onset of the cold, and prevent the soil from freezing and rooting and causing dead seedlings.
The planting density generally requires that 20,000 mu plants be planted, and the plant spacing should be 20 centimeters and 15 centimeters, and the planting depth should not be buried in five plants. Watering after planting will promote the survival of onion seedlings and avoid flooding the whole field, resulting in soil compaction and unfavorable onion growth.
Scientific management
After onion colonization survival (about 15 days or so), should be the first topdressing, Mushi thin rot manure dung 10-15 Tam, or 5 kilograms of urea with rush of water flushing, and promote rooting onion seedlings. Before entering the winter, a layer of cooked pig, cow and sheep fat can be applied between the onion rows to protect the roots from cold and provide nutrients for the growth of onions in the following year. Onion fertilization should master light winter fertilizer, heavy spring fertilizer, mainly based on farm organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. In early March, the temperature gradually rises. Onion enters a vigorous growth period and should be re-fertilized. Mushi rot treats 30-40 urine, or urea 7.5 kg, and superphosphate 20 kg rushes 20 lbs. . The period from mid-April to early May is the period when the growth of onion is most prosperous. The amount of fertilization should be increased. 15 kilograms of mu for urea and 7.5 kg of potassium sulphate should be used for watering. This will promote onion bulb expansion and keep the soil moist.
Pest control
The diseases that damage onions are mainly purple spot, downy mildew and gray mold. At the time of onset, sprays such as Rhizoctonia solani, Zeisin Zinc, and Chlorothalonil can be used for spraying. Spray once every 7-10 days and spray 2-3 times. The pests that damage onions are mainly onion thrips and onion flies. When they occur, they can be sprayed with 50% phoxim 1000 times solution or 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution or 40% chlorpyrifos 600 times solution or rooted.
High-yield onion cultivation technology
Cultivate strong seedlings