North China is the main wheat producing area in China. The continuous development of wheat production and the continuous improvement of production levels in the region have made important contributions to the continuous increase of wheat production in the country. However, the region is a region where China's water resources are very scarce. The irrigation of wheat fields mainly relies on over-exploitation of groundwater, which causes the groundwater level to decline year by year. “Winter wheat water-saving and high-yield technology†improves the efficiency of water and nitrogen fertilizer utilization under the premise of ensuring high yield and stable production, and simplifies the management measures to save costs and achieve the goals of water saving, fertilizer saving and high yield. Technical points: 1. Pouring the foot to adjust the soil water storage in the wheat field Before the sowing, make up the bottom water to ensure that the water storage capacity of the 2 m soil in the wheat field reaches about 90% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. The amount of water in the bottom water is determined by the water deficit of the soil of 2 meters before sowing. Generally, under the condition of about 200 mm of precipitation in August and September of the year, the water is 75 mm before the sowing. When the precipitation is large, the amount of water can be reduced. At 75 mm, when the amount of precipitation is small, the amount of irrigation should be more than 75 mm, so that the bottom is sufficient. 2. Adapted varieties with early maturity, drought tolerance, large panicle capacity and high grouting strength Early maturing varieties can shorten the late growth time, reduce water consumption, and reduce the degree of dry hot wind damage in the later period. The multi-panicle type or intermediate type with large panicle capacity is beneficial to adjust the number of ears per pan and the sowing date. The grain with high grain filling intensity develops fast, the fruiting time is short, and the production is relatively stable. It is suitable for high-yield cultivation techniques. 3, appropriate amount of nitrogen, concentrated application of sufficient amount of phosphate fertilizer The yield per mu is about 500 kilograms, and the nitrogen fertilizer is 10 to 13 kilograms. The base fertilizer is mainly used, and a small amount of topdressing is applied during the jointing stage. The suitable base is chasing ratio of 7:3. When planting wheat, concentrate the application of 25-30 kg of diammonium phosphate, and the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus is 1:1. High-yield fields need to be supplemented with potassium sulfate 10 to 15 kg. 4, appropriate late broadcast The early-sown wheat field grows for a long time before winter and consumes a large amount of water. It needs to be replenished early in spring, which limits the use of soil water under the same water conditions. Properly planted in the evening, it is beneficial to save water and fertilizer. The late sowing is based on the principle of noting the heading, and the 3 years of the wintering seedling age is a boundary. The production period is suitable for the late sowing of seedling age 3~5. The localities determine the specific broadcast date accordingly. 5, increase the basic seedlings, strictly control the quality of sowing This model mainly relies on the main stem to form the ear. Within the above-mentioned late sowing period, the basic seedlings of 300 mu are used as the starting point. For each day of planting, the basic seedlings increase by 15,000 seedlings, and the basic seedlings are 450,000 seedlings. The highest seedling limit. 6. Strict suppression after broadcasting When the surface soil is dry after the rotary tillage, it must be suppressed. Select the suppression equipment, use a small walking tractor to carry the pressure roller to suppress, the ground pressure should be flat, to avoid the wheel from pressing out the deep groove. 7, pouring key water in spring This is an important part of water-saving and high-yield cultivation. The optimal irrigation time for the first water in spring should be determined according to the specific conditions.
1.The common serum tube red cap collection vessel contains no additives, no anticoagulant and procoagulant components, only vacuum. Used for routine serum biochemistry, blood bank, and serological-related tests, a variety of biochemical and immunological tests, such as syphilis, hepatitis B quantification, etc., do not need to shake after drawing blood. The sample preparation type was serum. After blood was drawn, it was placed in a water bath at 37℃ for more than 30min, centrifuged, and the upper layer of serum was used for reserve.
2. There is a procoagulant in the orange head of the rapid serum tube to accelerate the coagulation process. The rapid serum tube can coagulate the collected blood within 5 minutes, which is suitable for emergency serum series tests. It is the most commonly used coagulant test tube in daily biochemistry, immunity, serum, and hormone. After blood is drawn, it can be mixed reversely 5-8 times and can be placed in a 37℃ water bath for 10-20min when the room temperature is low, and the upper serum can be centrifuged for use.
3. Inert separation glue and coagulant are added to the yellow head cap Blood Collection Tube of inert separation glue. The specimens remained stable for 48 hours after centrifugation. The procoagulant can quickly activate the coagulation mechanism and accelerate the coagulation process. The type of serum preparation is suitable for emergency serum biochemical and pharmacokinetics tests. After collection, the mixture was reversed 5-8 times and stood upright for 20-30min before the supernatant was centrifuged and used.
4. The sodium citrate concentration required by the citrate erythrocyte sedimentation test tube with black cap is 3.2% (equivalent to 0.109mol/L), and the ratio of anticoagulant to blood is 1:4. Containing 3.8% sodium citrate 0.4mL, the blood was drawn to 2.0ml, which was a special test tube for erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The sample type was plasma, which was suitable for erythrocyte sedimentation. The blood was reversed and mixed 5-8 times immediately after the blood was drawn. It should be shaken again when it is used. The difference between it and the test tube for coagulation factors is that the concentration of anticoagulant is different from the proportion of blood and cannot be confused.
5. Sodium citrate coagulation test tube light blue cap Sodium citrate plays an anticoagulant role mainly by chelating with calcium ions in blood samples. The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards recommends an anticoagulant concentration of 3.2% or 3.8% (equivalent to 0.109 or 0.129mol per liter), with an anticoagulant to blood ratio of 1:9. The vacuum tubes contained 0.2mL of 3.2% sodium citrate anticoagulant, and the blood was collected to 2.0ml. The sample preparation type was whole blood or plasma. After collection, the samples were immediately reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma was taken after centrifugation for use.
6. Heparin is added to the green head of the heparin anticoagulant tube. Heparin has a direct antithrombin effect and can prolong the coagulation time of the specimen. It is used in emergency and most biochemical tests, such as liver function, renal function, blood lipids, and blood glucose. It is suitable for erythrocyte fragility tests, blood gas analyses, hematocrit tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and common biochemical tests. It is not suitable for hemagglutination tests. Excessive amounts of heparin cause aggregation of leukocytes and cannot be used for leukocyte counting. Because it can make the background of the blood stain pale blue, it is also not suitable for leukocyte classification. It can be used for hemorheological use, the sample type is plasma, and immediately after blood collection, it is reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma is taken for use.
7. The light green head of the plasma separation tube is added with heparin lithium anticoagulant in the inert separation rubber tube, which can achieve the purpose of rapid separation of plasma. It is the choice of electrolyte detection, and can also be used for routine plasma biochemical determination and ICU and other emergency plasma biochemical detection. It is used in emergency and most biochemical tests, such as liver function, renal function, blood lipids, and blood glucose. Plasma samples can be directly loaded on the machine and remain stable for 48 hours in refrigerated storage. It can be used for hemorheological use, the sample type is plasma, and immediately after blood collection, it is reversed and mixed 5-8 times, and the upper plasma is taken for use.
8. Potassium oxalate/sodium fluoride grey cap sodium fluoride is a kind of weak anticoagulant, usually with potassium oxalate or sodium ethylate combined use, the proportion of sodium fluoride 1 part, potassium oxalate 3 parts. "This mixture, 4mg, does not coagulate 1ml of blood for 23 days and inhibits glycogenolysis, is not useful for urease determination of urea, nor for alkaline phosphatase and amylase determination, and is recommended for blood glucose determination." It contains sodium fluoride or potassium oxalate or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-Na) spray, which can inhibit the activity of enolase in glucose metabolism. After blood is drawn, it is mixed reversely 5-8 times, and after centrifugation, the supernatant plasma is taken for use. It is a special tube for the rapid determination of blood glucose.
9. EDTA anticoagulant tube purple cap ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, molecular weight 292) and its salt is an amino polycarboxylic acid, suitable for general hematology test, is the first choice for blood routine, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood group test tube. It is not suitable for coagulation tests and platelet function tests. It is also not suitable for the determination of calcium, potassium, sodium, iron, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, and leucine aminopeptidase. 100ml of the 2.7%EDTA-K2 solution was sprayed on the inner wall of the vacuum tube, blown dry at 45 ° C, and blood was collected to 2mI. Immediately after blood was drawn, the mixture was reversed and mixed 5-8 times before use. The sample type was whole blood, which should be mixed during clinical use.
Serum Tube , Plasma Tube manufacturer , Whole Blood Tube , Blood Collection Tube Manufacturer Ningbo Siny Medical Technology Co., Ltd , https://www.sinymedical.com