High-yield cultivation technology of Shatian garlic

I. Pay attention to crop rotation and fertilization

The roots are shallow, and the ability to absorb soil nutrients and water is weak. Therefore, it is necessary to choose soil with high topography, rich in organic matter, good fertilizer and water retention. Avoid continuous cropping or stubble with other onion and garlic crops, and generally rotate every 2 to 3 years. 1 ploughing. After the autumn crops are harvested, combined with plowing and drying soil, 100-120 kg of rotten cooked cake fertilizer, 6,000 kg of high-quality rotten ripening circle fertilizer, and 80 kg of high-quality ternary compound fertilizer for garlic are applied every 667m2. Planting experience in this area shows that garlic needs sufficient N and K fertilizers during the growing period, and less P is required. After the land is ploughed and leveled, 5 to 6 cm of fresh sand is spread on the top to make flat hoe for seeding.

Second, fine seed selection and processing

The nutrients needed for garlic seedling growth mainly come from seed petals, so selecting seed petals is an important step for high yield and quality. Select garlic with large, neat, hard, and disease-resistant garlic cloves. Strictly remove yellow, soft, moth-eaten, and rotten garlic cloves. Before sowing, select the roots that are roots, protrusions, positive colors, fresh and hypertrophy, and no damage during storage. The garlic cloves are dried for 2 to 3 days, and then the garlic seeds are immersed in 0.4% KH2PO4 and 25% carbendazim diluent for 10 to 12 hours. Remove the moisture from the surface of the garlic cloves and plant them.

III. Sowing in a proper period and reasonable dense planting

According to the comparison of multi-year sand planting in this area, the first and middle March are the * planting period. It is more appropriate to plant 55,000 plants at a seeding density of 667m2, with a row spacing of 9.5cm × 20cm. The amount of seeds used is 130 ~ 180kg. When sowing, pay attention to the placement direction of the seed petals. Because the direction of the garlic leaf development is perpendicular to the ventral dorsal line of the garlic petals, the ventral dorsal line of the garlic petals should be parallel to the oblique direction so that the grown plant leaves can fully extend between rows. It is not advisable to plant garlic too deep. Farming proverbs say "light garlic and deep spring onions", but it is also not advisable to prevent it from being too shallow. Generally, you can plant the fine sand to the surface of the soil without seeing garlic cloves.

Field management

Generally, no fertilization is needed at the seedling stage. Proper water control after emergence promotes the development of the root system to the deeper layer of the soil and prevents early "regeneration". When the garlic grows 4 to 6 leaves, the nutrient will be “retired” when the consumption of the garlic is complete. At this time, the root system will not absorb nutrients, and the nutrition will be insufficient and the leaf tip will become yellow, that is, “yellow tip”. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the application of quick-acting fertilizer in the 2 to 3 leaf stage. 667m2 is poured with 1500kg of decomposed rare human and animal manure to meet the nutritional requirements and protect the seedlings.

V. Pest Control

Onion flies (commonly known as garlic maggots) are the main underground pests that endanger garlic. Local conditional growers can use these soils as a base fertilizer to effectively control these pests, with a control effect of more than 95%; late April to early May are garlic. At the peak of leaf blight, 75% methyltobutine 800 times liquid spray can be used for prevention and treatment.

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