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High-yielding cultivation techniques of water chestnut cultivation techniques According to the practice of growing water chestnuts in recent years, in order to obtain high yields, we must seize the following technical measures for reference.
(1) The selection of suitable varieties to select good varieties is the basis for high yield, and it is also the key to competing for the season, early occupation of the market, and improving economic efficiency. If raw food is the mainstay, the early and medium-maturing varieties (two-cornered diamonds) with large water chestnuts can be selected and put on the market in stages. With high yield, Wuling varieties that are ripe late can be grown. At the same time, due to the degeneration of the species of the water chestnut, attention must be paid to the selection of water chestnuts that are plump, full, hardened, and free of pests and diseases.
(2) Suitable time for proper planting and proper planting of locally stored water chestnuts, generally before and after Ching Ming, when the water temperature is stable above 12°C, the method can be divided into two kinds: direct seeding and seedling transplanting. The live broadcast is suitable for rivers and ponds with a water depth of 2-3m and a more fertile subsoil. When the water chestnut grows 1-2cm, it is evenly sprinkled in the water. Before sowing, it is necessary to pay attention to the removal of aquatic weeds, moss and wild worms in river ponds. The amount of mu per plant is generally 10 kg. Hechuan, which has poor fertility, can appropriately increase the amount of seed used. For rivers and ponds with large water surface and deep water, transplanting seedlings can be adopted. Choose rivers and ponds with fertile soil and shallow water, put water and dry hard topsoil before sowing, and apply sufficient manure as base fertilizer; put shallow water after planting, and gradually deepen the water layer with the increase of seedling age, and use about 60kg per mu. , Can transplant 5-6 acres of water. The seedling age is about 60 days. There are 10 parietal lobes, and the rhizomatous disc is 15 cm long. When there are 2 to 3 branches, they are stocked. When they are stocked, 10 straws are bundled into a bundle and gradually inserted into the bottom. After the water chestnut grows out of the water, if the density is too high, the artificial seedlings may be used to reduce the density of the seedlings.
(3) Strengthen management of Lingtang 1 Apply base fertilizer. As an aquatic vegetable, the water chestnut need to be different from the irrigated crop, and it needs more concentrated fertilizer. Before the species can be applied to the pig manure or rotting 2000kg of manure, when the water chestnut sprouted, 5kg of urea can be used as quick-acting fertilizer, after flowering, 2 to 3 times combined with disease prevention and pest control with strong yield increasing factor 2 or 3 packages or 2% Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaves to prevent premature aging. 2 pest control and weeding. Common pests of water chestnuts are locusts, leafhoppers and so on. In the early stage of damage, spray 90% of crystal trichlorfon 800 times or enemy kill 5-6 dipping water 50kg for small machine spraying, spray once every 10 days, strictly prohibit the use of methamidophos and other highly toxic pesticides to reduce Residual poison to prevent water chestnut malformation or empty shell. The common disease of the water chestnut is mainly the diamondback, which causes the leaves to rot, and can be sprayed with 5% Jinggangmycin 400g and 200g Carbendazim water 50kg in the early stage of disease. Mastering life and disease prevention and pest control 3 to 4 times. In the pool where the water chestnuts are stocked, there are many species of aquatic weeds, such as deep-water fish mawgrass, shallow water fine arbutus, platyphus edulis, barnyardgrass, and bryophyte, which must be removed manually in time, otherwise the photosynthesis of water chestnuts will be affected. Generally after the water chestnuts are released, weeds are removed every 10 days until the water chestnuts cover the water surface.
(4) The principle of timely harvesting and harvesting must be market-oriented, and the improvement of economic efficiency should be the center, and it should be picked in stages due to the maturity of the variety and different uses. Water chestnuts begin to mature 20-30 days after flowering. The ripening period of the early-maturing varieties in China is from August 15 to 20, and the late-maturing varieties are from the end of September to the beginning of October. Such as vegetables or raw, can be shed in the sepal, the fruit is not fully hardened when the best harvest. If cooked, processed or preserved, must be picked when fully mature. Early-maturing varieties were picked once every 5 days, and late-maturing varieties were picked once every 7 days. The whole collection period was 6-7 times. When harvesting, pay attention to the diamond plate, pick the water chestnut lightly, and put it flat after harvest to avoid damage. If you want to stay in the species of water chestnuts, you must wash them in the water after harvest to remove the floating water chestnuts, and then change the clean water once every 10 to 15 days to guarantee the germination rate of water chestnuts in the coming year.
Water chestnut planting technology
Water chestnut, also known as water chestnut, real stone, is the fruit of the annual aquatic herbaceous plant. The water chestnut is crispy and crispy. It is eaten after cooking and also eats porridge. Water chestnut is rich in protein, unsaturated fatty acids and a variety of vitamins and trace elements. Sweet, flat, non-toxic. With diuretic through milk, only to quench thirst, hangover poison effect.