Introduction of plant extracts

First, the concept of plant extracts Plant extracts are plants as raw materials, according to the needs of the extraction site, after physical and chemical extraction and separation process, targeted acquisition and concentration of one or more active ingredients in the plant, without change The product formed by its active ingredient structure. According to the different components of the extracted plants, the formation of anthraquinone, acid, polyphenols, polysaccharides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, etc.; according to different characters, can be divided into vegetable oil, extracts, powder, crystal and so on.

II. The industry profile of plant extracts The plant extract industry was developed in the last 10 years and is an edge industry that combines the pharmaceutical, fine chemical and agricultural industries.

Since April 1, 2005, the Ministry of Commerce has implemented six recommended foreign trade and economic industry standards. The six criteria are: "Hypertypic Forsythia Extract", "Danggui Extract", "Caroex Extract", "Trifolium repens Extract", "Radix Extract" and "Pharmaceutical Plants and Preparations" Industry Standard". The Ministry of Commerce takes the six recommended foreign trade and economic industry standards as the breakthrough point, and selects the varieties of plant extracts with large export volume to formulate foreign trade standards.

III. Introduction to common plant extracts 1. Curcumin Curcumin is a chemical component extracted from the roots of some plants in the family Gingeraceae and Araceae. Among them, about 3% to 6% of turmeric is a plant community. Very rare diketone-containing pigments are diketone compounds. Curcumin is an orange-yellow crystalline powder with a slightly bitter taste. Insoluble in water. In food production, it is mainly used for the coloring of products such as sausage products, canned foods, and sauce brine products. Medical research shows that curcumin has the effects of lowering blood fat, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, gallbladder, and anti-oxidation.

2. Lycopene Lycopene is a natural pigment contained in plants. Mainly present in the ripe fruit of the nightshade tomato plant. It is one of the strongest antioxidants currently found in plants in nature. Science has proven that singlet oxygen and oxygen free radicals in the human body are the main culprit in invading the body's own immune system. Lycopene scavenges free radicals much better than other carotenoids and vitamin E. Its rate constant for quenching singlet oxygen is 100 times that of vitamin E. It can effectively prevent and treat various diseases caused by aging and weakened immunity. Therefore, it has attracted the attention of experts from all over the world.

Stevia Sugar has a pure white color, suitable taste and no odor. It is a new sugar source with broad development prospects. Stevia is the natural low-calorie sweetener that has been discovered and approved by the Ministry of Health and Ministry of Light Industry in the world to be the closest to sucrose. It is the third natural sugar substitute that has value in development and health promotion, besides sugar cane and beet sugar. It is internationally known as “the third sugar source in the world”.

4. Soybean isoflavones Soybean isoflavones are bioactive substances refined from non-genetically modified soybeans. They are natural nutrients with many important physiological activities. They are pure natural phytoestrogens and are easily absorbed by the body. Nutritional supplements. In every 100 grams of soybean sample, contains 128 milligrams of isoflavones, the traditional method of producing isolated protein contains 102 milligrams of isoflavones, and 9.65 milligrams of soy milk, because the soybean milk contains 93.27% of water, equivalent to isoflavones per 100 grams of dry matter. 100 mg or more. Tofu contains 27.74 milligrams of isoflavones, and its dry matter contains more than 200 milligrams of isoflavones. Isoflavones are a weak phytoestrogenic economic hormone and soy is the only effective source of human isoflavones. In the case of strong estrogen physiological activity, isoflavones can act as anti-estrogen and reduce the risk of estrogen-activated cancers such as breast cancer. When women's menopause estrogen levels decrease, isoflavones can play a role in replacement. Avoid menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes. The anti-cancer properties of isoflavones are outstanding, they can hinder the growth and spread of cancer cells, and they only have effects on cancer cells, and they have no effect on normal cells. Isoflavones are also an effective antioxidant that can prevent the production of oxygen free radicals, a powerful carcinogenic factor. There are many ways and ways of anti-cancer effects of isoflavones.

5. Glycyrrhiza Extract Glycyrrhiza uralensis extract is a medicinally valuable ingredient extracted from licorice. The licorice extract generally contains: glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhizic acid, licorice glycosides, licorice flavonoids, posterior pectin, spinosamin, quercetin, and the like. Yellow to brown powder. Spleen Qi, Qingrejiedu, expectorant cough, urgency and pain relief, to reconcile the efficacy of various drugs. For the treatment of spleen and stomach weakness, fatigue and fatigue, palpitations, shortness of breath, cough, sputum, abdominal cramps, limbs, urgency and pain and other symptoms.

6. Allicin is an organic sulfur compound extracted from bulbs (garlic heads) of Allium Sativum. It is also found in onions and other onion plants. Scientific name diallyl thiosulfinates.

Uses: Used as insecticides and fungicides in agriculture, but also used in feed, food and medicine. As a feed additive has the following functions: (1) Increase the flavor of broilers and turtles. Adding allicin to the diet of chicken or soft-shelled turtle can make the flavor of chicken and turtle more rich. (2) Improve the survival rate of animals. Garlic has the functions of antidote, sterilization, disease prevention and treatment. Adding 0.1% of allicin to feeds such as chickens and pigeons can increase the survival rate by 5% to 15%. (3) Increase appetite. Allicin has the effects of increasing gastric secretion and gastrointestinal motility, stimulating appetite and promoting digestion. Adding 0.1% of allicin to feed can enhance the palatability of feed.

7. Artemisin (artemisine) is a new anti-malarial drug with sesquiterpene lactone that has a peroxide group extracted from Artemisia annua. Artemisinin is the first internationally recognized natural medicine discovered in China. Based on this, it has been synthesized with various derivatives such as dihydroartemisinin, artemether and artesunate. Artemisinin-type drugs have low toxicity and strong anti-malarial properties and are approved by the WTO as the drug of choice for the treatment of cerebral malaria and falciparum malaria worldwide.

IV. Development status of China's plant extracts industry Import and export posture is good The phytoextractive products in traditional Chinese medicine products are the most rapidly developed among these products, and their export performance has been particularly prominent recently. Taking 2011 as an example, the export volume of plant extracts was 1.13 billion. The U.S. dollar increased by 47.0% year-on-year; the export volume was 42,000 tons, an increase of 14.9% year-on-year; the average export price was 26.8 U.S. dollars per kilogram, an increase of 28.2% over the same period of last year.

In addition, the growth rate of the import of plant extracts was also very significant. In 2011, the import volume of plant extracts was US$220 million, an increase of 67.8% year-on-year; the import volume was 18,000 tons, an increase of 59.4% year-on-year; the average import price was US$12.4. /kg, an increase of 5.2% over the same period last year. Among them, plant essential oils such as peppermint oil imported from Central Asia and licorice extracts and other resource-poor plant extracts are the main products, and the import growth rate exceeds 100%.

From the monthly statistics, the monthly import and export of plant extracts was basically stable. From January to December, the monthly import and export volume and quantity of plant extracts in China did not change much. However, from the year-on-year ratio, the amount of imports increased significantly year-on-year. However, the export growth rate was relatively flat.

Export market stability In terms of markets, the export market for plant-extracting products in China is relatively stable. The United States, Japan, Germany, and France have been the main markets for plant-extracting products. In recent years, Mexico and India have also imported a large amount of Chinese plant-extracting products, mainly pigments. In 2011, except for the slight tightening of Latin America, the export market of plant extracts showed a significant increase in exports and exports from other continents. Asia, Europe, and North America are still the main regions for the export of my plant extracts. In 2011, exports to these three regions accounted for 82.6% of total exports of plant extracts in China.

Asian Market: The export volume of plant extracts from China to the Asian region was 440 million U.S. dollars, accounting for 39.4% of the total, and the export value increased by 18.8% year-on-year. Among them, Japan and ASEAN regions, which are mainly based on Kampo medicine, are the major Asian export markets.

European market: The European plant extract market was strong in 2011. As the world's largest vegetable drug market, products based on plant extracts are highly favored by local consumers. From January to December, China's export of plant extracts to the EU was US$290 million, an increase of 63.2% year-on-year, and the export volume was 11,000 tons, an increase of 15.1% year-on-year, and the average export price was up 41.8% year-on-year. . The main countries exporting European plant extracts are Spain, Germany, France and the United Kingdom.

US Market: The North American market or the U.S. market is the most important export market for plant extracts in China. Since 2005, it has been ranked first in the export of plant extracts. Taking dietary supplements has been the habit of most Americans, and this has also led to the growth of the world's largest dietary supplement market for plant extracts. The U.S. market has become a benchmark for global plant extracts for pharmaceuticals and health care. The increase or decrease in market demand will directly affect changes in other global markets. In 2011, my plant extracts exported US$180 million to the United States, an increase of 54% year-on-year; the number of exports was 8,050 tons, an increase of 32% year-on-year.

Private enterprises are leading the development of phytosanitary products, and China's planting team is also growing. There were 1,402 companies with export records in 2011 (excluding production and sales). Among them, private enterprises are the main force in the export of plant extracts, accounting for more than 56% of exports; foreign-funded enterprises account for 32% of exports, and state-owned enterprises only account for 11% of total exports. In 2011, the export volume of the top ten exporters of plant extracts accounted for 33%, and the entry threshold for the top 10 rose from US$16.14 million to US$22.19 million. The overall level of the industry has slightly improved.