The whole process from the growth of planting to the senescence of honey pomelo can be divided into four stages: vegetative growth period, early fruit period, full fruit period and senescence renewal period. The renewal period of aging is something that will only be encountered in decades. Therefore, the following sections mainly introduce the management of the first three periods. (I) Management of vegetative growth period The grafted seedlings of honey pomelo were grown to the first flowering result, which is called vegetative growth period. Roots and canopies quickly expanded during this period and it usually takes 2-4 years. For the purpose of achieving early flowering, early fruiting and high yield, vegetative growth period management is critical. 1, pruning (1) Names of various tree parts: When it comes to pruning, let us first introduce the relationship between the main branches of pomelo trees and their branches. From the root to the first branch point, the main branch is called the trunk. The main branch that stands upright grows is called the main branch. The branch that is drawn on the central branch is called the main branch, which is also called the first branch. It is drawn on the main branch. The branching is called the vice main branch, also called the second branch; the branch that is drawn on the deputy main branch is called the side branch, also called the third branch; the branch that is drawn on the side branch is called the small side branch, also called Four branches. And so on. (2), dry: After planting and survival, cut the top of the tree 35-40 cm away from the ground, this step is called dry. Three to four shoots with strong growth were chosen as the main branch to extend upwards and obliquely. It is possible to adopt the method of pulling and bracing to form a 40-45 degree angle between the main branch and each main extension line. Pull: After pulling the main branch with a rope to a proper angle, fix it on the ground. Support: Supported by a wooden stick between the main branch and the trunk, can form a suitable angle. (3) Retain the second, third and fourth branches: In the vegetative growth period, leave 2-3 deputy main techniques on each main branch and extend outwards. For the extension branches of the sub-branches, chopped handles are used to promote multiple shoots of pomelo trees. Leave 2-3 lateral branches on the side of the main technique, so that they can extract vegetative shoots and result in sticks. If the lateral branches are not growing well, they can be retracted and re-cultivated on their branches to a level one lower than it. The spoils must be cut off in time. According to the principle of promoting the differentiation of flower buds of young trees, the area of ​​the crown can be increased. After 3-4 years of reasonable pruning, it naturally forms a high-yielding tree frame that has an external weight and a light internal structure; it has a reasonable branch structure, a clear master-slave structure, a compact branch, a strong skeleton, and breathable light. In addition to pruning during the vegetative period, pay attention to fertilizer and water management. 2, fertilization irrigation management (1) Fertilization In the process of sapling canopy formation, a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is needed. The 1-2 year old young tree can be digging two ditches that are 30 centimeters deep, 20 centimeters wide and 80-100 centimeters long symmetrically on both sides of the pomelo tree dripping line. In order to reduce soil acidity and avoid subsequent fruit lignification, 0.25 kg of quicklime shall be sprinkled on the bottom of the ditch, then weeds and twigs on the ground shall be piled in pits, then 0.25 kg of quicklime shall be sprinkled and a layer of topsoil be backfilled. Each plant applies 0.2 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate compound fertilizer and 0.3 kg of organic fertilizer, and then backfill the topsoil and cover the soil. Filling should be slightly higher than the ground. The next time fertilizes along the drip line, the digging position should be switched 90 degrees from the previous one to ensure that the soil fertility of the garden is even. The amount of fertilization in the second year will increase by 40-60%. (2) Thin fertilizer The spring, summer and autumn shoots were sowed about 15 days and the tip leaves turned green when fertilized. Three times a year, six times fertilization. Use less at the same time to avoid wasting or causing damage. Every time the per plant is fermented and cooked, 5-10 kilograms of human dung are added, and 50-100 g of urea or 100-150 g of compound fertilizer is added. The application rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers is 2:1:0.5. Gully. (3) Promote flower fertilizer In the year before the saplings are put into production, for the vigorously growing saplings, the nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced and phosphorus fertilizer, potash fertilizer or cake fertilizer should be reduced in order to promote branch shoot differentiation from September to October. In the winter, each plant needs to add 10-15 kilograms of compost and about 200 grams of phosphate fertilizer. The water content in the soil of the pomelo garden should be 60%-80% of the maximum water capacity in the local field. Therefore, regardless of whether it is planted on slopes or flat land, there must be a drainage ditch to reduce the water level of the soil in the grapefruit garden. 3, pest control (1) Locusts The locust is the enemy of shoots and young leaves of new shoots. It absorbs the juice from the stems and leaves, causing new shoots, young leaves to wither, and flower buds and young fruit to be damaged and fall off. It is more serious in the spring and fall seasons. . When more locusts occur, 2500-3000 times of 20% fenvalerate EC can be sprayed. It is also possible to combine pruning in the winter and cut the victim branches and the egg branches. (2) Leafminer Leaf miners are also the most important pests during young shoots. Adult moths spawn on the back of young leaves in summer and autumn, and larvae submerge into the leaves of the leaves to make food wither and leave the leaves withered. When larvae occur more often, 5000-10000 times of 20% fenvalerate EC can be used, and 2000-2500 times of 3% acetamiprid can be sprayed.
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