Raspberry is a deciduous shrub of Rosaceae. It is one of the third-generation fruit that has emerged at home and abroad in recent years. The fruit berry is sweet and delicious, nutritious, has a special rich aroma, in addition to fresh food, but also processing fruit juice, beverages, fruit wine and so on. I. Cultivation techniques 1.1 The ramets method: A lot of root litchi occurs every year in the summer of red raspberries, and when it grows to 1.0-1.3m, it will be picked up to promote the development of the root system. By the fall, it will develop into a separate new seedling. 1.2 cutting method: Autumn cut 40cm annual branches, into the pit storage, early spring will shoot both ends of the 20cm spacing into the 1m wide raft, each trip two lines. The cuttings are bowed. After the new shoots are taken out, the shoots are cut off and the two shoots are changed. 1.3 Batten method: The ability of blackberry to grow root lychee is weak, but it has the characteristics of the basal branch tip to touch the roots, so the propagation of blackberry can use this method or cutting method. When the batten is dug into a shallow ditch in the extension direction of the basal branches, the whole twigs are bent in the ditch and fixed. When the small roots are sent out under the new shoots, the soil is pressed gently and do not cover the leaves. In autumn, the stalks are detached from the mother plants. Several new plants. 2. Planting: Raspberry can be planted in spring and autumn, but the survival rate of autumn planting is 1% to 2%. After the soil is thawed in the spring and before the seedlings are not germinated, the late planting is preferred; the autumnal raspberry seedlings are matured to be lignified and before the soil is frozen. In the spring planting of raspberries, it usually takes 1-2 months for basal shoots to be extracted. The survival rate of raspberry should be investigated within 2 months after planting. The roots of the autumnal raspberry can recover before the soil freezes, but the aerial shoots are still dormant and cannot germinate. 2.1 Planting methods: Raspberry planting methods include single planting and strip planting. Single plants are suitable for sporadic space near the house and black raspberry varieties with weak tillering power. The plant spacing per plant was 2m. Ribbon planting is suitable for large-scale planting. The row spacing for planting is 2.5 m, the plant spacing is 0.3 m, and 4950 planting holes are established per hectare. The non-buried cold-proof area is 1.5m with a spacing of 0.8m and 8325 planting holes per hectare. Whether single planting or strip planting, planting 2-3 plants per hole. 2.2 Planting method: Before planting, the roots of seedlings are soaked in water for 12 to 24 hours to allow the roots to absorb enough water. Deep planting and shallow burying, the root of deep planting seedlings should be 10-15cm away from the ground. When the soil around the seedlings is less than 30cm, do not exceed the original soil marks on the shoots. Step on the soil, make the root system close to the soil, and pour it once after pouring it. Deep planting is due to the fact that the rhizomes of newborns move up year by year as the tree ages to ensure the normal growth of the tree. Shallow burial in order to shorten the seedling period and improve the survival rate. 3. Stretching and binding: All other varieties except raspberries are erect. Raspberry branches are thin, and when the branches grow to 1.5m, they tend to bow and touch the ground, especially during the result period. Stretching and binding can increase the leaf area coefficient, make the branches evenly distributed, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, and prevent the fruit from being contaminated. It's very easy to tie and guide, set one pillar every 5-10m in the row, 1.2 to 1.5m high, and pull two iron wire, the upper wire is fixed on the top of the pillar, the lower wire is 1m away from the ground, and the fan is led to the wire. On it. 4. Pruning: The first pruning is done in the early spring and the pruning is done. The thin and weak branches and the broken branches must be cut off. When the new shoot grows to 40-60cm, the small-density plants can be used for 10cm topping. Promote new sprouting of lateral buds and increase branch weight. The second is the pruning of basal shoots, and the basal branches are optimally cut within 1.3 to 1.5 m. This promotes the growth of the resulting mother twigs, increases the yield, and promotes basal shoot differentiation in the second year. Each year, 6-8 strains of strong basal branches were selected and the rest were cut off. This is a reasonable cluster density. The third trimming is after the harvest is completed, the resulting parent branches must be sparsely removed. 5. Fertilizer and Water Management: The growth of basal shoots tends to be slow in early autumn, and the roots begin to enter the growth peak. Basal fertilizer can promote root growth and lay the foundation for the second year of high yield. The basal fertilizer is mainly composed of rotten farmyard manure, and appropriate amount of chemical fertilizers such as urea and diammonium phosphate are mixed with the soil. When fertilizing, fertilize on a side of 40cm to 40cm from the plexus, about 0.7kg of fertilization per plant. In the second year of fertilization, change to the other side of the plant. Top dressing was divided into two parts. The first dressing was in flowering to young fruit formation stage. Nitrogen fertilizer was the main fertilizer, mainly promoting the growth of basal shoots and fruit enlargement. The second top-dressing was in the later stage of fruit harvesting. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were the main components, which promoted the growth of basal shoots and laid the foundation for high yields in the coming year. On average, fertilize 50g each time, apply topdressing fertilizer on the side of the 50cm from the culm, and cover with a layer of thin soil. In arid and dry areas, topdressing can be changed to foliar spraying. During the spring sprouting period of raspberry, if there is a drought during the fruiting period, special attention should be paid to watering in time to ensure the yield. Raspberry is a shallow-rooted plant. Pay attention to the timely drainage of the rainy season and the depression. In the north, you can fill the frozen water once to increase the water storage capacity of the soil in the second year of spring. 6. Winter protection against cold: In winter, temperatures in regions below -35°C need to be protected against the cold, and cold-proof time is usually in the early winter after several early frosts before the soil is frozen. When buried in cold weather, first cut the raspberry basal branches as required, and push them straight down in one direction along the line. Pile up the pillow soil at the bends of the twigs and break them after the soil is buried. When the soil is buried, it must be photographed in order to prevent ventilation, and the soil should be taken outside the plant 1m to prevent it from being damaged. When spring soil withdraw time is generally stable at 3-5°C when the ground temperature is 10cm, it is necessary to withdraw the soil on both sides and then remove the soil on the soil so as not to injure the sprouts. After the soil is removed, the branches shall be tied to the wire in time. Pvc Portable Resuscitator,Pvc Transparent Respirator ,Simple Respirator,Emergency Resuscitator Jiangsu Yongle Medical Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.jsylmedical.com
1. Breeding techniques: The propagation method of raspberry is divided into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Only used to cultivate new varieties. All the asexual reproduction is used in the production, and the variability of the asexual reproduction varieties is small, the breeding is easy, and the results are early. Asexual reproduction usually has 3 methods:
Second, other management and recovery
Raspberry Garden conducts 2-3 times of cultivating and weeding every year. Weeding can also be performed using alachlor, glyphosate, simazin, and liguron. At the same time, in order to improve land utilization and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, small annual green manure crops such as beans, potatoes and vegetables can be grown in the raspberry garden. After the raspberry berry is ripe, the fresh food must be picked when the berry is ripe at nine, and use a small package, if the industrial deep processing can be harvested after the fruit is fully mature.