Bitter gourd anthracnose is an important disease of bitter gourd. It occurs more commonly and is more severely affected. The occurrence and control of bitter gourd anthracnose is briefly described as follows: First, the harm symptoms: seedlings, adult leaves, stems, melons can be disease. At the onset of seedling stage, brown semicircular or round lesions appear on the edges of the cotyledons, and are slightly sunken. In the adult stage, the lesions in the leaves are nearly round, ranging in size from the beginning, to water-stained, and soon dry and reddish-brown with yellow halos around the edges. Often several small lesions are connected together, showing irregularities. Disease spots. The black spots on the lesions turn round, when the damp spots, there is a pink sticky material on the lesions, and in dry conditions, the lesions often crack and perforate. The lesions on the stems are grayish to dark brown, slightly sunken, and the surface can be affected. The lesions are nearly round, with a pale yellow-brown color at the beginning, and a reddish-brown to brownish color after being slightly sunken. When the humidity is high, the lesions have a pale pink mucus spillage. When the illness is severe, the diseased area expands and can cause the melon strips to rot. Second, the incidence of the law: the bacteria attached to the surface of the seed with mycelium, or with the disease in the soil overwintering. Sprouting the seed with bacteria, when the seeds germinate, the bacteria can infect the cotyledons and cause the seedlings to develop. Bacteria in the soil cause disease through rainwater splashing and irrigation water spreading to the plants. In addition to seed-borne diseases, conidia produced on diseased plants can be spread by wind and rain, insects and agricultural operations for re-infection. High temperature and high humidity are the main conditions for the occurrence of bitter gourd anthrax. Under suitable temperature conditions, the higher the air humidity, the easier it is to attack and the shorter the incubation period. The relative humidity is 87 to 95% when the incubation period is 3 days and the temperature is less than 54%. Temperature can be in the range of 10 ~ 30 °C can be the disease, the most severe disease around 24 °C, 28 °C above the incidence of light. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer was excessive, irrigation was excessive, continuous cropping was repeated, and the incidence was heavy. The mature melon strips had poor disease resistance. Third, comprehensive prevention and control measures: 1. Use disease-free seeds. Seed disinfection, seed collection from disease-free plants, seed soaking in warm water at 55°C for 15 to 20 minutes, or soaking in 40% formaldehyde 150 times for 1 hour, 100 times liquid for half an hour, 50% dexamethasone 500 times Immerse the seeds for 1 hour, remove and rinse with water after sowing. 2, disease-free soil seedlings high mulching film cultivation. Apply base fertilizer and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Appropriate control of irrigation, timely drainage after rain. 4, pharmaceutical control. In the early stage of disease, it can be controlled in time. The agent can use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 to 600 times; 50% carbendazim WP 500 times; or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800 times. Or 80% of anthrax Fumei WP 800 times and so on. The above medicines are used alternately, and sprayed once every 7 days, for 3 to 4 consecutive times, can receive good control effect.
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3. Strengthen field management. The early disease melons and diseased leaves are removed in time to reduce the effective source of bacteria in the field. Farming operations such as tying vines and harvesting should be conducted after the dew has dried, so as to avoid human transmission. After the harvest, the field sicknesses were completely removed and buried or burned.