Every winter and spring, due to factors such as cold currents, insufficient insulation facilities in greenhouses, and excessive ventilation, the greenhouse vegetables are exposed to cold or cold injury. Therefore, farmers are reminded to take precautions.
The performance of vegetables after freezing
Leaf victim. It belongs to mild freezing injury. In the cotyledon stage, the damage of the cotyledon appears as chlorosis on the edge of the cotyledon, with “white borderingâ€, and the true leaf growth is not affected after the temperature returns to normal. After the planting, the short-term low-temperature or cold-air invasion occurs, and the leaf edges of the plants are frozen. Dark green, gradually dry.
Root victimization. The root growth was stopped and no new roots occurred. Some old roots were yellow and gradually died. A sudden increase in temperature causes plants to wilt or slow down. Plants with severe damage are difficult to recover.
Growing point victim. Belong to the more serious freezing injury, often cause the top buds to be frozen, do not send new leaves, if the weather can not be restored after the warm weather.
Fruit and fruit damage. Vegetables and flowering case of cold weather will affect pollination and fertilization effect, cause a lot of shattering or deformed fruit.
1. seedling to do cold hardening. During seedling growth, strict control of temperature, not the temperature is too high and cause thin leggy seedlings, and to take the temperature difference between breeding measures to improve the resistance of seedlings, two days before seed separation and colonization, the need to strengthen the seedbed ventilation, the Seedling cold acclimation.
2. strict master colonization period. In order to promote the timely planting of the planted vegetables, the cold-cold-head warm-weather weather should be selected in the winter and spring seasons in order to facilitate rapid seedling growth after planting and improve resistance.
3. Strengthen the coverage of insulation. After low-temperature planting, a small shed can be buckled in the shed, a bamboo frame can be used as an arch, and the film can be covered at night. If necessary, the grass can be covered on the film; the film can be covered in the shed to increase the temperature and moisture; Using a plastic film as an apron, can significantly reduce the cold air at the bottom of the invasion; can also be set in the greenhouse canopy, and enhance the insulation effect; the cold season, pay attention to block the gaps throughout, to minimize gap cooling.
4. Artificial temporary warming. When the daytime temperature in the greenhouse is lower than 15°C and the nighttime temperature is lower than 8°C, cold or freezing damage may occur. At night, temporary warming measures must be taken. The specific method is to ignite dry stalks or sawdust in the shed. Such as smoke, or burning honeycomb coal stove, can temporarily increase greenhouse temperature, but it should pay attention to timely ventilation to eliminate harmful gases. It can also be heated by lighting in the shed. Conditional use can be made of temporary heating equipment to artificially supplement heat energy.
5. Management after cold hazards. After suffering various degrees of cold or freezing injury, vegetables should actively take remedial measures.
The first is to avoid light. Frozen vegetables cannot receive light immediately, and they should be covered with straws or quilts on the shed film, or covered with frozen vegetables such as newspapers, so that frozen vegetables can thaw slowly and resume growth.
The second is slowly heating up. In greenhouses, it is not possible to use swift heating measures to thaw. In addition to shading, measures such as appropriate air release can be used to increase the temperature of the greenhouse.
The third is to add moisture. After the vegetables are frozen, they can be watered properly, or they can spray water on the vegetables and the ground immediately after freezing to prevent the ground temperature from dropping and the dehydrated and frozen vegetables from drying out.
The fourth is spraying medicine to prevent disease. After the vegetables have resumed growth, cut off the frozen parts and spray them with 50% SuoQing WP 2000 times or fumigating with 10% SuoQing smoke to prevent gray mold.
The fifth is to strengthen management. After the frozen vegetables are thawed, they should be prevented from re-freezing, loosen the soil in time, apply the quick-applied fertilizer in an appropriate amount, and promote growth.
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