High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic, how to fertilize garlic

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic? Garlic is not called garlic, garlic head, garlic, glutinous rice, garlic, garlic, etc. It is the collective name of garlic plants. Liliaceae is a semi-annual herb. The optimum period for sowing is to make the plants grow to 5 before wintering. ~6 leaves, at this time the plant has the strongest cold resistance, it will not be frozen to death in the cold winter, and lay a good foundation for the plant to pass the vernalization smoothly. Let's take a look at the autumn sowing garlic cultivation technology!

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic

The optimum period for sowing garlic in time is to make the plants grow to 5-6 leaves before wintering. At this time, the plants have the strongest cold resistance, and they are not frozen to death in the cold winter, and lay a good foundation for the plants to pass vernalization smoothly. The Yangtze River Basin and its south areas are generally planted in the middle and late September. The weather in the Yangtze River Basin was cool in September and was suitable for the emergence and growth of garlic seedlings.

If the seeding is too early, the seedlings grow too much before wintering and consume nutrients, then reduce the wintering ability, and may also be vernalized to cause secondary growth. In the second year, the complex garlic is formed to reduce the quality of garlic. When the seeding is too late, the seedlings are small, the tissue is tender, the roots are weak, the accumulated nutrients are less, the cold resistance is lower, and more deaths occur during the winter. Therefore, garlic must strictly control the sowing date.

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic

Reasonable dense planting is the basis for increased production. The yield of garlic and garlic is composed of the number of plants per acre, the number of garlic per plant, the weight of the stalk, and the weight of the stalk. Appropriate close planting should be done according to the characteristics of the variety, so that there are more plants per acre. Early-maturing varieties generally have shorter plants, fewer leaves, shorter growth period, and correspondingly larger density. It is better to plant about 50,000 plants per mu, with a row spacing of 14 to 17 cm, a plant spacing of 7 to 8 cm, and a variety of 150 species. ~200 kg.

The mid-late maturing varieties have long growth period, tall plants, more leaves, and correspondingly smaller densities, so that the group structure is reasonable to make full use of light energy. Density should be mastered in 40 acres of acres of planting, row spacing 16 ~ 18 cm, plant spacing of about 10 cm, about 150 kg of acres.

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic

The sowing method "deep planting onions and shallow garlic" is the experience gained by farmers for many years. Garlic sowing is generally suitable for a depth of 3 to 4 cm. There are two methods of sowing garlic. One is to insert seeds, and the seed petals are inserted into the soil, and the soil is covered after sowing. The second is to ditch the seeding, that is, to open a shallow ditch with a steamed bun, and to plant the seed petals in the soil. After opening a ditch, the soil that was simultaneously opened over the previous row of petals.

After sowing, the thickness of the soil is about 2 cm, and the feet are lightly soiled and watered. To prevent drought, cover the soil with two layers of straw or other moisturizing material. Planting should not be too deep, too late, the emergence of seedlings late, the pseudo stem is too long, the roots are more absorbent, the growth is too strong, the formation of garlic is difficult to expand by soil extrusion. However, planting should not be too shallow. If it is too shallow, it will be easy to "jump the petals" when it emerges. The roots of the seedlings are prone to water shortage, the roots are poorly developed, and they are susceptible to freezing death during winter.

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic

The cultivating and weeding can spray the herbicide before sowing to emergence. It is effective to control the crabgrass, gray ash, cockroach, and foxtail, and 50% of the grass is used in 100-150 grams. West Majin and Atrazine are used in 120-240 grams. Weeding through the acres of medicine 35 ~ 6S grams. For garlic fields dominated by monocotyledonous weeds, 120-150 grams per acre is diluted with 5 to 7 days after sowing (before emergence) with 30-50 kg of water, and sprayed at night.

Garlic field dominated by dicotyledonous broadleaf grass, using 25% oxacillin 120-150 ml per acre, or 24 to 60 ml of 24% fruit, 7-10 days after sowing (before emergence) 40-60 Kilograms, spray at night. In the growing season of garlic seedlings, when the weeds are just sprouted, the weeds are removed, and the weeds are removed. The weeds that are difficult to cultivate between the plants should be removed early so as not to compete with the garlic.

High-yield cultivation techniques of garlic How to fertilize and water the garlic

Although there is a kind of petal nutrition in the growth period of garlic seedlings in the top dressing, in order to promote the growth of the seedlings and increase the nutrient area of ​​the plants, the topdressing should still be applied. Because garlic roots have weak ability to absorb water and fertilizer, the topdressing should be applied with quick-acting fertilizer to avoid yellowing of the tip of the leaves, and the garlic topdressing is generally 3 to 4 times.

  1. 1, stimulating seedlings: After the garlic is out of the seedlings, apply 1 light manure and urine to raise the seedlings, avoid applying ammonium bicarbonate to prevent burns of seedlings.
  2. 2, Sheng Changfei: After sowing for 60 to 80 days, re-apply 1 time of decomposing human and animal fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer, 20 to 30 liters per mu, 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride. Early-maturing varieties are chased early, and late-maturing varieties are lately chased, which promotes the growth of young seedlings, thick stems and leaves, and less yellow tips or yellow tips when rotten mothers.
  3. 3, pregnant fat: After planting the garlic, the flower buds and buds gradually differentiate into the flower stem elongation period. In this period, the old roots are aging, and new roots occur in large numbers. At the same time, the stems and leaves and garlic stalks also rapidly elongate, and the garlic begins to slowly expand. Therefore, it needs more nutrients. It should be reapplied with quick-acting potassium and nitrogen fertilizer (more suitable compound fertilizer) 10-15 kg. It is applied in the first half of the month before the end of the tail (the short stalks in the lower part of the pseudo-stem can be observed in the peeling seedlings) to meet the needs, and the garlic stalks are quickly and vigorously grown.
  4. 4, garlic swelling big fertilizer: early maturity and early-maturing varieties, because the temperature is not high when the garlic is inflated. The period of expansion of the garlic is correspondingly longer. In order to promote the enlargement of the garlic head, it is necessary to apply the quick-acting nitrogen and potassium fertilizer before harvesting the garlic. Such as: nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer application 5 ~ 10 kg, if the application of urea, 5 kg or so can not be applied too much, otherwise it will cause the formed garlic cloves to return to green, and re-long leaves and consume the garlic clove nutrients .

Topdressing should be carried out before harvesting garlic. When the garlic is harvested, it has rich nutrients to promote the expansion of the garlic. If topdressing is carried out after harvesting garlic, it will easily lead to reduced production of greed. If the field is fatter and the garlic leaves are thicker, the fertilizer may not be applied. Due to the late twitching, the medium- and late-maturing varieties have a higher temperature. After harvesting, the garlic is usually collected for about 20 to 25 days, so it is also possible to avoid the swelling of the fat.

Water management

  1. 1, Qi seedling period: generally seeded for 1 week, Qi Miao. After chasing Qi Miaofei, if the soil is dry, it can be irrigated once to promote seedling growth.
  2. 2. Pre-seedling stage: The seedling stage is a key period for the differentiation and formation of garlic vegetative organs. After the garlic seedlings enter the seedlings in the early stage of growth, due to the irrigation of the seedlings once, and this period of the Yangtze River basin is also a period of more autumn rain, it is necessary to control the irrigation, and pay attention to the drainage work in the field after the autumn rain.
  3. 3, the middle and late seedlings: the sign of the end of the winter before the end of the withdrawal. This stage is longer, and it is also an important period for the growth of garlic. Rainfall has been significantly reduced in many places before winter. The soil is dry and should be watered once. After wintering, the temperature gradually rises and the seedlings begin to grow vigorously. Water should be poured in time to promote the growth of garlic leaves and thickening of the pseudo stems.
  4. 4. Twitching period: The leaves of garlic seedlings have all been exhibited, the leaf area has reached the peak, and the root system has expanded to the maximum extent. The growth of garlic stalks is accelerated. This period is the period when the amount of fertilizer and water is the largest. Water the pumping water in time. After the “now tail”, water should be continuously watered to promote the seedlings with water, and the water should be stopped 2 to 3 days before the harvest to facilitate storage and transportation.
  5. 5, the head expansion period: garlic shovel immediately after watering to promote the rapid expansion and weight gain of garlic. Stop the watering for 5 days before harvesting the garlic, control the growth, and promote the assimilation of the leaves to accelerate the transfer to the garlic.

Harvest at the right time

1. Harvesting garlic

  1. 1 When the garlic is pulled out of the leaf sheath and begins to bend, it is a suitable period for collecting garlic. Harvesting garlic will have a great impact on the yield and quality of garlic. The picking is too early, the output is not high, it is easy to break, and the commodity is poor. Picking too late, although it can increase the yield, but consume too much nutrients, affecting the growth and development of garlic. Moreover, the garlic stalks are aged and the fibers are increased. In particular, the base of the garlic vine is aging and unbearable.
  2. 2 Harvesting garlic is best carried out at noon and noon on sunny days. At this time, the plants are somewhat wilting, the leaf sheath and garlic stalk are easy to separate, and the leaves are tough and not easy to break, which can reduce the injured leaves. If the garlic is harvested after rain or rain, the plants are fully absorbent, and the garlic and the leaves are poorly tough and easily broken.
  3. 3 The method of picking should be determined according to the specific situation. The main purpose of harvesting garlic stalks is as follows: for the high-yield, the garlic leaves are tight, in order to obtain high yield, the pseudo-stalk can be cut open or needled. The garlic stalk has high yield and excellent quality, but after the pseudo-stem is cut, the plant is easy to die, the garlic The yield is low and easy to disperse.

For the main purpose of harvesting garlic, such as Cangshan garlic should try to keep the fake stem intact and promote the growth of garlic. When picking, the left hand usually punctures the pseudo stem at the 3~4 leaves, and the right hand pulls out the garlic. Although the method has a slightly lower yield of garlic, the pseudo stem is lightly damaged, and the plant remains in an upright state, which is conducive to the expansion of the garlic.

2, harvesting garlic: 15 to 20 days after the garlic is collected (mostly 18 days) can receive garlic. The sign of timely harvesting of garlic is that the leaves are mostly dry, the upper leaves are faded to gray-green, the tips of the leaves are drooping, the pseudo-stalks are in a soft state, and the garlic is basically grown. The collection is too late, the garlic is tender and the water is too much, the organization is not full, not full, and it is easy to dry after storage.

The collection is too late, the garlic is easy to scatter, and the garlic stalks are easy to scatter when the garlic is pulled, losing the value of the commodity. When collecting garlic, use it hard to dig and gently pull it out by hand. After the garlic is shipped to the field, the last row of garlic leaves are placed on the head of the front row, only drying, not drying the head, preventing the garlic from burning or turning green. After 2 to 3 days of frequent flipping, the stems and leaves are dry and can be stored.

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