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1. Gray mold. The main damage leaves, divided into white point type, dry tip type and wet rot type. (1) White spots and dry tips form white or light gray brown on the front or back of the leaves, resulting in scorching of whole or half leaves. (2) The wet rot occurs when the humidity is high. The surface of the dead leaves is densely gray to green and hairy, with a turbid smell of soil and no white spots on the leaves. (3) The dry tip type rots from the cut edge of the cutting blade and becomes light green after the initial water stain, with brown ring patterns. After the lesion spreads, it is semi-circular and forms a “V†shape. And can be extended downward 2-3cm, yellow-brown, humidity, surface gray brown or gray green villous mold. The pathogenic bacteria overwintered with the diseased body in the soil and on the diseased plants, and was initially infected and reinfested with airflow, irrigation, and rainwater. The disease has a close relationship with temperature and humidity. Under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, on the one hand, it is beneficial to the growth, reproduction and infestation of pathogens. On the other hand, the rapid growth of leeks, poor disease resistance and increased incidence.
Control methods: (1) Agricultural control: Apply sufficient organic fertilizer; according to weather conditions, open a certain amount of greenhouse membrane ventilation at noon to reduce the humidity, so that the indoor relative humidity is kept below 75%, but the bottom wind is strictly forbidden. After the leek is harvested, the sick body shall be promptly removed, and the diseased leaves and diseased plants shall be buried deep outside the shed or burned to prevent the spread of germs. (2) Chemical control: In the early stage of the onset of gray mold, 50% quick-inking wettable powder 1000 times, or 70% carbendazim or 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, sprayed once every 7 days, even Spray 2-3 times, better control effect.
2. Diseases. Roots, stems, leaves, etc. can all suffer, especially the pseudostem and bulbs. Leaf disease mostly begins in the middle and lower parts. It appears as a dark green water stain, 5-20 mm long, and sometimes extends to half of the leaves. After the disease department loses water, it shrinks apparently, causing leaf and flower moss to droop and rot, and when the humidity is high. The disease department sparse white mold. After the pseudo-stem was victimized, it was a water-stained, light-brown, soft rot, and the leaf sheath was easy to fall off. When humidity is high, white sparse mold layer grows on it. The bulbs suffered damage and the roots were watery, light brown and dark brown rot. The pathogenic bacteria overwintered with the diseased body in the soil. When the conditions were appropriate, the sporangia produced zoospores to infest the parasites and spread by wind and rain. There are multiple infections. High temperature and high humidity are important conditions for the disease.
Control methods: Rotation and rotation, avoid continuous cropping: When the disease occurs, it can spray 4% agricultural anti-120 melon vegetable tobacco type 500-600 times liquid or 50% methormide copper wettable powder 600 times solution, and spray 2-3 times.