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2, vitamin supplements. Vitamin D3 is a substance required for calcium and phosphorus metabolism in laying hens, and is normally added in an amount of 2000 to 2500 IU per kilogram of feed. Tests have shown that when the temperature is 30°C, supplementation of vitamin C is preferably 50-100 grams per ton of feed.
3. Add baking soda. Studies have shown that in diets with normal calcium and phosphorus content, baking soda can be used instead of 0.1% to 0.5% of salt, in order to effectively adjust the body acid-base balance, reduce the eggshell breakage rate, add 0.3% to 1% of baking soda, can Improve shell hardness.
4, add trace elements. Manganese and zinc are of particular importance in trace element premixes. When high egg production rates and high stocking densities, at least 70 grams of manganese or equal amounts of zinc or slightly higher magnesium are required per ton of feed to ensure that eggs Shell quality, but high manganese will inhibit the absorption of zinc.
5. Avoid scaring and stimulating. Chickens are very timid and frightened. Sudden sounds, shaking lights and bright colors can all cause a layer of eggs to cause fright, cause damage to eggs and reduce eggshell quality. Therefore, the chicken farm should be built in a quiet place.
6, fill light at night. Tests have shown that adding 2 hours of light at night can significantly increase eggshell thickness and reduce egg breakage. Light intensity is generally 5 ~ 10 lux is appropriate.
7, reduce heat stress. The quality of the shell is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, and the high temperature and humidity will reduce the strength of the shell. Therefore, in the summer, cooling measures should be taken and anti-heat stress additives should be added.
8, to strengthen the post-production management. Adding 0.01% to 0.05% vitamin AD3 powder to feed can promote calcium absorption in laying hens. Therefore, the hens in the late stage of laying should adopt the method of calcium supplementation in the afternoon to improve the quality of the shell and reduce the damage of the eggs.
9. Strengthen disease prevention and control. There are many diseases that cause deterioration of eggshell quality, such as Newcastle disease ND, infectious bronchitis IB, egg drop syndrome EDS-76, chicken fatigue syndrome, salpingitis, chronic digestive system diseases, and so on. An inactivated ND+IB+EDS oil emulsion vaccine was inoculated before the laying hens were placed in the house, and the internal and external environment of the house was regularly sterilized. During the rainy season and the sudden drop in temperature, 0.05% oxytetracycline powder can be added to the feed to enhance the disease resistance of the birds and prevent disease infections.
Comprehensive measures to improve egg shell quality
1. Feed the full-price compound feed with appropriate ratio of calcium and phosphorus. Calcium and phosphorus are the main nutrient factors affecting eggshell quality. The ratio of calcium and phosphorus in the full-price feed for laying hens must be appropriate. The best dietary calcium level is 3.3%~3.8%, the total phosphorus content is 0.6%, and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus is 4:1 to 6:1. In addition, whether the protein content in the diet is sufficient for the absorption of calcium in laying hens is also very important, and the protein content in the hen's diet should not be lower than 16.5%.