How to prevent blight in watermelon cultivation

In recent years, the occurrence of watermelon wilt disease is on the rise, which makes the quality of watermelons decline, the taste becomes lighter, and the heavier years cause the reduction or the harvest, which brings great economic losses to the farmers. In the promotion of agricultural technology, it was found that when more watermelon plants were infected with blight, it was difficult to see the results with the use of pesticides, which was not only a waste of medicines and labor, but also environmentally friendly, and caused a lot of pollution to the soil. It is not conducive to the production of safe and healthy food.

In order to effectively prevent the occurrence and spread of watermelon blight, we have carried out many years of experiments and demonstrations. The test results show that under the same fertilization management conditions, increasing calcium sulfate (gypsum powder) can promote the development of plant roots and promote plant strains. Strong roots and strong, reducing the chance of invasion of Fusarium oxysporum, is an ideal preventive measure that is simple, labor-saving and time-saving to improve the resistance of watermelon to Fusarium wilt.

1 sowing seedling period

Most of the watermelon sowing is carried out in the shed. When the nutrient soil is prepared, the other ingredients are distributed according to the requirements, then the calcium sulfate is applied, and 1 kg is added per 1 m, and the mixture can be uniformly mixed. After emergence, the seedlings have strong growth potential, are not susceptible to disease, have good root development, and are resistant to low temperature, which promotes seedlings, seedlings, and seedlings. It is conducive to survival and quick returning when transplanting.

2 Daejeon planting period

Before planting the melon seedlings in the field, determine the row spacing and apply the organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer after the trenching. At the same time, apply calcium sulfate 20kg/667?O, and the seedlings will return to the seedlings after planting, which is beneficial to root growth. During this period, strong seedlings should be cultivated to promote root and stem and leaf growth. When there is no long-term phenomenon of melon seedlings in the field, calcium sulfate should be added in time, and it can also play a role in disinfecting and sterilizing the soil, especially the land with heavy or soil calcium deficiency. It is very important to increase the application of calcium fertilizer during this period. It is especially helpful for inhibiting the root disease of melon seedlings, which can reduce the occurrence and spread of blight, and the preventive effect is over 90%.

3 甩 期

In this period, the watermelon enters a vigorous growth stage, and the ground temperature rises rapidly, which accelerates the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the stems and leaves. At this time, the application of calcium fertilizer can promote the thickening of the stems, control the growth, achieve the purpose of balanced growth, and increase the leaves. Thick, brightly colored leaves, good effect on inhibiting watermelon blight and viral diseases. Calcium-deficient leaves are dark in color and have poor gloss, which is not conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products. When the field blight is severe, it is no effect to apply calcium sulfate. The application of calcium sulfate to uninfected plants can promote growth and control the infection of Fusarium wilt.

4 results period

This period is the fastest growing period of watermelon stems and leaves and the speed of melon and fruit expansion, and it needs to absorb a lot of water and fertilizer. If the soil lacks calcium, the fruit is flat, the peel is not smooth, there is a bulging phenomenon, the color becomes dark, dull, and it is prone to rotten fruit; the top of the plant is prone to a hook-like shape, and the leaves are chlorotic-like like drought or forming a prolonged phenomenon. The occurrence of uncoordinated growth is likely to cause disease.

5 maturity

When the fruit is self-typed to mature, it usually takes 7-10 days. During this period, the plant is aging, the growth is obviously weakened, and the fruit size and quality are not increased much, mainly due to the quality changes brought about by the active biochemical process inside the fruit. It is characterized by the coloration of the melon and gradually showing the color inherent in the variety. The content of reducing sugar in the fruit juice is decreased, while the content of fructose and sucrose is increased, the sweetness is obviously improved, the quality of the tannin is softened, the peel is hardened, and the pattern indicated by the fruit is clearly clear. The skin is hardened by coloration and gradually matures. Therefore, the critical period of the quality of the watermelon is determined at the maturity stage. In this period, when the soil lacks calcium, the heavy sugar conversion of the fruit is slow, the sugar content is decreased, and the taste is poor. The addition of calcium sulfate can increase the sugar content in the fruit by 2.2%-3.1%, and the quality of the single fruit by 1.5-2.4kg, which can make the peel bright and shiny, while the calcium-deficient peel is dark and dull, and the fruit is not fresh.

In summary, the application of calcium fertilizer has multiple effects. First, calcium and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium have synergistic absorption effects. Increasing the application of calcium fertilizer can promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. Calcium can promote the absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer by plants, promote coordinated growth, and plants are not easy to grow wild. Second, the application of calcium sulfate is beneficial to replace the elements such as phosphorus and iron fixed by soil for crop absorption and utilization, and eliminate soil compaction; The soil in the Yellow River Basin is mostly alkaline, while the watermelon is suitable for growth in weak acid or neutral soil with low salt content. The application of calcium sulfate can adjust the pH of the soil and effectively prevent the occurrence of blight. The fourth is to increase the application of calcium sulfate. Increase production, improve varieties, reduce the number of pesticides used, reduce pollution, and ensure food safety.

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