According to the research, the 5-year-old grape yields 1000kg per mu. The annual absorption of nitrogen (N) 6kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 3kg and potassium (K2O) 7.2kg is required for the whole plant. The absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is approximately 1:0.5: 1.3. Vineyard fertilization should focus on the following five issues: First, we must adopt a reasonable ratio of nutrient input In soil areas with high soil available phosphorus content, the application ratio of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) can be taken as 2:1:2, and soil areas with lower soil available phosphorus content can take a 1:1 ratio. 1:1. Second, pay attention to the application of organic fertilizer Newly planted vineyards, before planting combined with excavation and planting ditch or planting hole Mushi fermented and decomposed good organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg, young trees each year 30-50kg per plant, the initial result tree 50-100kg per plant, mature Trees 100-150kg per plant. The application of organic fertilizer can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, provide more comprehensive nutrition, and play an important role in improving grape yield and quality. Third, to seize the five fertilization period 1, after the spring injury fluid appears before germination. Mu can be applied to the sulfur-based 16-16-16,15-15-15,18-10-20,20-12-16,20-25kg. If the end of the year is more than enough fat, this time can not be applied as appropriate, otherwise it should promptly the first time in early spring fertilizer. 2, before flowering. Mu-based sulfur-based 20-12-16, 20-25kg, has the effect of increasing the ear and reducing the fall of flowers, especially for vineyards with more spikes. 3, after flowering. When the fruit grows to the size of mung bean, the sulfur-based 18-18,18-10-20,15-25kg sulfur-based mu can promote fruit development and coordinate the growth of leaves. 4, fruit coloring early. Mu sulfur-based 18-10-20, 18-12-18, 15kg or so, with the promotion of fruit enlargement, rapid increase in sugar content, increase the role of fruit color. 5. After the fruit is harvested, the base fertilizer must be fully applied. All organic fertilizers to be applied in the plan are formulated with a general fertilizer with a ratio of N, P and K of 1: 1 : 1 of 20-25 kg per acre, and they are mixed once to promote the second growth peak of the root system and promote the restoration of tree vigor and increase. The storage of organic nutrients in the tree plays an important role in promoting flower bud differentiation. The application of base fertilizer is a weak link in the fertilization of vineyards all over the country and must be given due attention. Each fertilization can be applied to cover the soil at a distance of about 60cm on both sides of the plant and 15-20cm furrows. Can also be spread in the rows, ploughing, the implementation of the entire garden fertilization. Fourth, attention to the application of trace elements and middle elements Grape is one of the fruit trees that are sensitive to trace elements. The lack of boron, manganese, zinc and iron will quickly show obvious symptoms. The initial flowering stage - young fruit stage foliar application of 0.2% manganese sulfate or 0.4% ammonium molybdate can increase the fruit setting rate. In the initial flowering stage, 0.1%-0.2% borax was sprayed for 1-2 times, or 500 grams of borax was applied before flowering, and the fruit setting rate was also significantly increased. The application of calcium, magnesium and sulfur should also be of concern. Many fruit diseases are directly or indirectly related to calcium deficiency. The vineyards lacking calcium, magnesium, and sulfur may supplement the soil with potassium magnesium fertilizer, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium nitrate, or spray 1-2% magnesium sulfate and calcium nitrate 2-4 times during the growing season. All have obvious results. V. Correct understanding of the problem of using chlorine fertilizer or sulfur fertilizer in grapes It is generally believed that grapes are chlorinated fruit trees and it is best to use sulfur-based fertilizers. However, many experimental practices in recent years have shown that the application of chlorine-containing fertilizers on neutral and slightly acidic soils has no adverse effects on yield, quality, and dendrite growth. As long as soil is not supported, chlorine-containing fertilizers can be applied. However, in saline-alkali soil, especially in the clay soil with poor water seepage, it is better to use sulfur-based fertilizer to avoid chloride poisoning caused by chlorine-containing fertilizer.
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