Laodelphax striatellus or early occurrence of dwarf disease should be avoided

This year's wheat harvest ahead of schedule, so that the sowing date of summer corn earlier than normal 3 to 5 days, Laodelphax striatellus transmission time and corn seedlings high degree of coincidence, increased the probability of transmission. At the same time, according to the meteorological department's forecast, the average temperature in June is close to normal, and the precipitation is about the same as usual. The recent temperature is between 18°C ​​and 26°C, which is very suitable for the poisoning of Laodelphax striatellus. At present, the emergence of maize partially reaches the three-leaf stage and enters sensitive periods.

After the onset of corn, the plants are dwarfed, the leaves are dark green, the internodes are shortened, and basically no heading is possible. Therefore, the incidence rate is almost equal to the loss rate, and many plots have lost production.

Therefore, the prevention and treatment of corn rough dwarf disease must be done at present.

What are the symptoms of infected corn?

The growth of the diseased plants was inhibited. The average height was only tens of centimeters. The internodes were thick and short and severely dwarfed. The roots of the diseased plants were few and short, less than half of the healthy plants, and they were easy to pull out of the soil. The leaves are densely clustered, short and pointed; the leaves that are clear and smooth on the leaves also become intermittent and disorganized. As the disease progresses, the plant's leaf dorsal, leaf sheath veins will also appear obvious strips. The mildly diseased plants have poorly developed tassels, less loose powder, shorter ears, less filaments, and less strong seeds. Severely diseased tassels cannot be extracted or can be extracted but with few branches, no pollen, and false or abnormal grains.

The law of the occurrence of dwarf diseases

Corn rough dwarf disease spreads the virus with poisonous planthoppers. The nymphs or adults of Laodelphax striatellus were overwintered under the weeds on the ground and under the wheat seedlings in the field, becoming the source of dipping in the early part of the year. The occurrence of corn rough dwarf disease depends to a large extent on the number of fields and individuals infected with SBPH. The incidence of early sown maize is heavier than that of late sowing maize, and the incidence of corn near the top of the ground, the edge of the channel, and the roadside weeds are heavy. The incidence of wet and weedy corn, which is close to vegetable fields, is also heavy, and there are certain differences in the degree of disease among different varieties.

The brown planthopper has a greening property, and the wheat migrates to the corn after harvest. The Blatta can be spread close to the ground and moved with high air flow over long distances. If a field plot is sprayed, it can be quickly transferred to untreated land.

Agricultural control

Advocate not to plant spring corn. In recent years, it is the epidemic year of corn rough dwarf disease. If the farming system is reformed, if spring corn is not planted, other crops are changed, and the route of transmission of poisonous sources is cut off, the disease can be eliminated early.

Use resistant varieties. This is the most economical and effective way to solve the damage caused by corn rough dwarf disease. Different corn varieties have certain differences in resistance to rough dwarf diseases.

Adjust the corn sowing period to avoid the peak of the transmission of poisoning of SBPH. The corn sown in the middle and early May is catching up with the peak of the transmission of poisoning of Laodelphax striatellus after emergence. Moreover, the 3-5 leaf stage of maize is the most susceptible and the incidence of rough dwarf disease is the highest. The emergence of corn to the 6 leaf stage (visible leaf 9 leaves) is the stage of susceptible leaf stage. At this stage, the disease will be acquired. The smaller the age of poisoned leaves is, the more severe the disease is, and the greater the damage is, the more toxic it is before the 4 leaf stage. There was almost no yield in the diseased plants; corn infected with more than 7 leaves (seeing more than 10 leaves) was not affected, and it was a safe leaf age. In accordance with local conditions, the method of early sowing of spring maize, early sowing of film, and timely sowing of summer maize should be carried out. In severely afflicted areas, the planting area should be minimized.

Clear weeds. Grassy weeds in fields, land, and ditch areas are the intermediate hosts of SBPH. Before the emergence of corn, weeds in the fields, roadsides, and ditches in the fields reduce the number of intermediate hosts and prevent the emergence of SBPH in corn. After the migration to corn damage, so as to reduce the source of the virus.

To strengthen field management at the seedling stage of maize, promote early onset of seedling growth, and time seedlings, and find that susceptible plants are removed early. At the same time timely watering, prevention of drought aggravate the occurrence of viral disease.

Chemical control

The prevention and control of pharmaceuticals must be carried out in four crucial periods. Selecting low-toxicity and high-efficiency pesticides and controlling the defense system can only achieve good results.

(1) In the sowing period of corn, the seed coating containing corneal insecticides or the corn seed dressing agent is used to treat the corn seed so as to achieve the purpose of repelling the planthopper, and at the same time, it can also bring poison to the seed. Better control effect.

(2) At the initial stage of the migration of Laodelphax sphaerocarpa, they should be used in corn fields, and use 50 grams of buprofen per acre or 20-30 grams of imidacloprid to mix with a virus A50 gram, spray every 3 to 5 days, and spray 3~ 4 times. In the early stage of disease induction, 8% ningnanmycin + 5% fenpronitrile spray, or 8% ningnanmycin + 50% anti-influx spray, the effect is good, and the disease and insects are solved once.

(3) After corn emerges to the 5 leaf stage, apply it once every 5 to 7 days and use it twice. The agent can be controlled with 10% imidacloprid 15-20 grams of pyrethrin 15-20 ml spray. Grasping this critical period of prevention and control, we will carry out specialization and defense against the rule, unify the time, concentrate on spraying medicine, early prevention, general defense, and strong prevention, so as to achieve better pest control and disease prevention.

(4) In the field where the weight of the slugs is high, the occurrence of rough dwarf diseases, and the corn seedling age is within 10 leaves, spraying the targeted agent with a new high fat film at the seedling stage is required to increase the efficacy.

special attention items

The use of antiviral preparations must highlight the "early" character. After the corn's 5-leaf stage, the control and treatment effects are poor. If the spraying of pesticides is delayed, in the 7-8 leaf stage of corn, the virus has been transmitted to the corn by Laodelphax striatellus, and its control effect is often unsatisfactory.

Even if the time of prevention and control is relatively timely, the habitats on the side of the road and the ash fly on the side of the road are ignored. After spraying, the planthoppers will migrate to the corn field and continue to be harmed.

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