Inner Mongolia Xuanda Food Co., Ltd. , https://www.xuandagroup.com
The main reason for this phenomenon is the burning of fertilizer. Most farmers only pay attention to superficial phenomena, thinking that they are caused by diseases and insect pests or other reasons, and missed the best time for remediation.
After the end of spring dormancy, the vitality of root cells is increased, the growth rate is accelerated, and the root epidermis is young, which is more sensitive to fertilizer. Fertilizers tend to form high-salt environments in the root regions of fruit trees, causing damage to root-transport tissues and roots, thereby blocking nutrient supply, and the corresponding branches begin to shrink and die.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between the roots of the fruit tree and the parts of the ground, which is what the saying goes, "a pair of one", and the direction of extension of the large root is generally consistent with the direction of the corresponding large branch. The above problems occur on large branches, and the corresponding big roots will turn brown, black, and even rot.
The occurrence of root-burning of fertilizers is basically consistent with the law of the distribution of the root system in the fruit tree species. Peach in the north is the most prone to damage, followed by apple, orange, grapefruit, pear, grape, chestnut, jujube and other fruit trees.
To avoid fertilizer damage, use the following method. First of all, we must correctly choose the fertilization method. At present, in the practical fertilization of fruit trees, farmers often use acupuncture methods (digging 4 holes in 4 directions around the tree), radiation gutters, annular gutter fertilization method or whole garden spread fertilization method. However, I generally do not recommend the use of cave methods, especially peach, apple, citrus, apricot and plum, but also other shallow roots fruit trees. Fertilization of fruit trees is best combined with the use of composted soil and fertilizer. When using ring groove and radiation groove fertilization, pay attention to not apply too deep or too close to large roots; do not apply fertilization in the extension direction of large roots (in the direction of large branches), and it is best to fertilize between big branches; do not repeat fertilization ( The fertilization area should change every year; the fertilization area must not be too close to the trunk. The second is the correct choice of fertilizer. According to the stability of fertilizers and the effect of fertilizers on fruit trees, the probability of occurrence of fertilizer accidents is generally ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride, and ammonium sulfate> unfamed farmyard manure> chlorine-based compound fertilizer> chlorine-based compound fertilizer> sulfur-based compound fertilizer Mixed fertilizer> Sulfur-based compound fertilizer.
If there is fertilizer damage after fertilization, timely remedy is the key to avoiding greater losses, and you cannot hold on for a chance to delay treatment. The fertilizer damage should be discovered in time, and the corresponding large roots should be found in the direction of the branches showing the symptoms of fertilizer damage. If the root part is found to be black and rotten, it can be scraped off with a cutter; if the root rot is severe, the victim part can be cut off and the rotting can be taken from the main part. The cadres cut off the roots and dried them for 1-2 days. Special attention should be paid to avoid flooding.
Fruit trees in spring to avoid fertilizer damage
The sprouting and flowering of fruit trees all require a lot of nutrients, so spring fertilization is the key, and most fruit growers are also accustomed to topdressing in the spring. However, some farmers found that 1-2 weeks after fertilization, the young leaves or buds of the big branches or entire trees of the tree were found to have shrunken and dried, and the flowers and young fruits were shrinking and falling off. The bar-shaped bark on the back showed watery ulceration. In severe cases, all the large branches all died or even the entire tree. Death.