Prevention of wheat seedlings in winter

Winter is an important period for the growth of wheat and an important guarantee for high yields in the coming year. Improper winter management of wheat is likely to cause dead seedlings and affect the harvest in the coming year. For winter wheat seedlings, it is necessary to identify the reasons and prevent them in time.

Cause of death

Wang Rui, an associate researcher at the Wheat Research Institute of the Agronomy College of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, believes that there are several reasons for the death of winter wheat:

If the internal use of cold, poor drought resistance of wheat varieties, in the event of frost damage seedlings easily occur, sowing early, early winter ear differentiation into the Erlang wheat seedlings cold resistance is weak, in the event of frost damage severe seedlings. In addition, some late-seeding weak seedlings are less susceptible to sugar accumulation due to their own accumulation, and are susceptible to cold damage and drought.

Exogenous summer rainfall in the fall, the lack of soil bottom, winter less rain and snow, more cold wind, will exacerbate soil drought, leading to physiological dehydration and death of wheat. Seeding too late, too deep or too dense, are easy to form weak seedlings, is not conducive to safe winter wheat, in the case of insufficient water at the end of the ground did not timely irrigation of winter water, but also easily lead to cold and drought seedlings and death.

Precaution

When cold-adapted varieties are used, the adaptability of varieties should be known when introducing them. In consideration of their yield, they must also take into account their cold resistance. The selected varieties must be safe for winter in most local years.

Irrigation at the seedling stage for early cropping in wheat fields with insufficient soil moisture can be watered during the tillering stage and a small amount of fertilizer is applied in case of insufficient soil fertility to promote seedling growth and ensure safe wintering of the seedlings. For late-sowing wheat fields, soil temperature should be increased and soil moisture should be maintained. Watering at the seedling stage is not recommended. Otherwise, the ground temperature will be lowered, and cultivator can be used to loosen the soil and promote the improvement of the seedlings.

Timely irrigation with winter irrigation is not only conducive to wintering and protecting seedlings, but also can reduce the adverse effects of cold damage, drought damage and severe temperature changes in early spring. It is an important measure to prevent the death of wheat in winter and spring. Pouring winter water to freeze overnight, when the temperature is appropriate at 4 °C. For wheat fields with large straw returning amount, winter water must be poured to crush the soil mass and freeze the pests.

Appropriate repression, covering the cracks, breaking up the soil mass, and consolidating the soil make the wheat root and the soil compactly combined and promote the development of the root system. Sand-covering and soil-breaking wheat in winter can deepen the soil-buried section and protect the blades of the near-ground layer, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture, improve the water condition at the birthing node, and play the role of insulation and freezing protection.

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