Biogas, biogas slurry and biogas residue are referred to as Sanmon. According to my understanding, 90% of the farmers' biogas digesters are used for cooking and lighting, and this alone can save 600 yuan per household. It is no exaggeration to say that this is just a matter of the comprehensive utilization of biogas digesters. Biogas digesters are not only biogas but also biogas slurry and biogas residue. Biogas slurry and biogas residue are collectively called biogas fertilizers. A 10M3 digester in use currently produces 16-20 M3 of biogas annually. It is a pity that we do not use it well. First, soaking in biogas slurry Soaking with biogas slurry is a seed treatment technique that soaks the seeds of the crops in the biogas slurry before sowing. Because this technology is simple, safe, effective, and does not increase investment, it has been rapidly promoted in rural areas. According to incomplete statistics, the annual soaking area of ​​biogas slurry in the country reaches more than 1 million mu. Due to the feed liquid temperature between the discharge of biogas digesters, it is generally stable at 8-16°C, and the pH is between 7.2-7.6, which is conducive to the metabolism of seeds. There are many active substances and resistant nutritive substances in biogas slurry. Soaking has obvious disease resistance, strong seedlings, and increased yield. Soaking with biogas slurry has a strong inhibitory effect on rice size spots and cotton charcoal disease. According to comparative experiments in different regions, the experiment showed that wheat and corn soaked in biogas slurry can increase production by 5-7%. 1, soaking with biogas slurry to master those technical points Clean up the discharge room of the digester, and clean the scum and debris in the discharge to facilitate soaking of the seeds. Before the soaking of the biogas slurry, the seeds should be sun dried for 1-2 days. This will increase the water absorption capacity of the seeds, kill most pathogens, and remove impurities to ensure the purity and quality of the seeds. After the seed is selected, choose a good permeable bag and cloth bag, put the seed into it, and leave an appropriate space to prevent the seeds from rising up and breaking through the bag after absorbing water. How many seeds should be installed should be based on the size of the bag, generally half a bag can be. When soaking, first prepare a wooden stick and rope, place the wooden stick across the discharge chamber, and then tie one end of the rope to the pocket and one end is fixed on the wooden stick so that the seed bag is in the middle of the biogas slurry. After the soaking of the biogas slurry is completed, remove the seed bags, drain the biogas slurry, put the seeds in clear water, and dry them, dry the water on the seed surface, and sow. If germination is required, the seeds should be sown after conventional methods. 2. There are many varieties of crops, focusing on the soaking time of several crops. Due to different regional conditions, temperature, crop varieties, different soaking time, the following soaking time is for reference only. Wheat: soaking in wheat biogas slurry is suitable when soil moisture is good. Specifically, the day before sowing, the soaking time is about 12 hours. (If drought-resistant sowing should not be used), wash with clean water, and you can sow. Corn: Soak once in 12-16 hours, wash with clean water, and sow after drying. Cotton: The coated species need not be soaked with biogas slurry, and the non-coated species are immersed for 14-18 hours at a time. When soaking, pay attention to placing stones in the seed bag to prevent the seed bags from floating. After soaking the seeds, remove the bags, drain the water, mix with the ash, and remove the pods repeatedly to make them soy-like. This can be used for sowing. Peanut soaking, soaking time for 4-6 hours, wash with water, dry after sowing. Seeds of seeds of melons and beans are immersed in seed oil, soaked in biogas slurry for 2-4 hours, washed with clean water, dried, sowed or germinated. 3. The soaking time is very important for the soaking of the biogas slurry. In addition to the soaking time, what are the problems in the soaking of the sourdough? 1 Seeds required for soaking in biogas slurry must be new species with high purity and high germination rate produced in the previous year. It is best not to use seed. 2 Soaking time varies with region, species, temperature, and flexibility. The soaking time is not too long, so it is better for the seed to absorb enough water. 3 As a biogas digester for soaking in biogas slurry, it is necessary to use normal gas for more than one month, and the biogas slurry in the waste pool and dead pool cannot be used for soaking. 4 Soaking with biogas slurry changes the color of the seed shell, but it does not affect germination. Seeds soaked in biogas slurry should be scouring with clear water and then sowing or germination. 6 Finally, emphasize that the biogas soaking and soaking seeds should be safe, and the used pool covers should be promptly restored to prevent people and animals from falling into the pool. Second, biogas slurry control pests and diseases Biogas slurry contains a variety of biologically active substances, such as amino acids, trace elements, phytohormone, B vitamins, certain antibiotics, etc., of which butyric acid and phytohormones gibberellin, indole acid and B12 has a significant inhibitory effect on the bacteria. Ammonia, ammonium salts, and some antibiotics in biogas slurry have a direct effect on crop pests and diseases. The use of biogas slurry to prevent and treat pests and diseases is called "biological pesticide" because it has no pollution, no residue, and no drug resistance. Current trials have shown that biogas slurry has control effects against 23 diseases and 14 pests in 13 crops including grain, cash crops, vegetables, and fruits. Some single-use biogas slurry has already achieved the effect of preventing and controlling diseases and insect pests or more than medicines. After some drugs are added, the control effect is strengthened. Soaking with biogas slurry, applying biogas fertilizer as base fertilizer and top dressing can all prevent diseases. Direct application of biogas slurry to control pests. 1, biogas slurry control corn borer: take 100 pounds of biogas slurry per acre, add 2.5% emulsifiable EC 10 ml, stir well, irrigation corn heart leaves. 2, biogas liquid vegetable locust control: take 60 pounds of biogas slurry per acre, add 50 grams of kerosene, detergent 10 grams, spray. It is also possible to use direct sunlight when the temperature is high on sunny days. 3. Biogas slurry control wheat bran: Take 100 kg of biogas slurry per acre, add 2.5 milliliters of dimethoate, spray dry after sunny dew, if it rains within 6 hours, it should be treated once. Aphids were inactivated 28 hours, died 40-50 hours, and the kill rate was 94.7%. Third, the biogas slurry foliar fertilizer technology Biogas slurry is fully fermented and fermented, and it is rich in nutrients needed for various crops, such as N, P, K, and suitable for external fertilization. The effect is better than chemical fertilizers. It can be done during the growing season. Single application can also be combined with chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth agents. 1, to master those technical points Biogas slurry: Biogas digesters taken from normal gas production for more than one month, clarified and gauze filtered. 2, matters needing attention Biogas slurry should be clarified and filtered to prevent it from clogging the sprayer. When sprayed, the back of the leaf is mainly used to facilitate absorption. To give two examples: biogas slurry spraying grapes: start the leaf stage, end before the leaves, once every 7-10 days. Concentration: 1 part of biogas slurry plus 1 part of water. Effect: Consistent fruit enlargement, can increase production by about 10%, and treat diseases and pests. Biogas slurry sprayed cotton: It can be carried out in the whole growth period, but before the emergence of biogas slurry: water is 1:2, 1:1 after budding and once in 10 days. Effect: Thick green leaves, preserved bells, red spiders, cotton aphids. 4. Utilization of biogas slurry and biogas residue in fruit trees Replacement of biogas slurry with pesticides can play a role in pest control. What is the effect of using biogas slurry or biogas residue instead of chemical fertilizer? Biogas slurry and biogas residue are also called biogas fertilizers. Biogas fertilizer is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, humus, various trace elements and fertilizer functions, which are very suitable for fruit tree growth needs. A three-year comparative test conducted by the energy office of Shanting District, Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province and the students of the Agricultural and Broadcasting School of Shanting District showed that the new shoots of the nectarine, apple, and other fruit trees were produced early, strong and uniform, and the leaves were thick. Green, less fruit and falling flowers, and fruit a large, uniform, delicious, sweet, good color appearance, resistant to storage and transportation. Increase the yield by 3-10% and save 40-60% of fertilizer investment. The results of their experiments are now described as follows: 1. Fertilizer application before flowering is generally from early February to late March (according to the timing of different fruit trees and different varieties of flowering time), and the amount of fertilized fertilizer accounts for the entire year. The amount of 1/4. Apply 50 jins of biogas residue or 100 jins of biogas slurry to each plant, add borax 0.6 jin, and quickly cover the soil after application (if the biogas is insufficient, make up for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers). At the same time, the clarified biogas slurry filtered by the double gauze was sprayed on the canopy, and one piece of biogas slurry was fresh water, which was sprayed once every 10 days. 2. Full flowering and strong fruit fertilizer during flowering Each year the flowering of fruit trees and the growth of post-anthesis fruits require more nutrients. At this time, the amount of fertilizer should account for 1/2 of the annual application amount. Each plant applies 100 pounds of biogas residue or about 200 pounds of biogas slurry, plus 1 pound of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (the tree vigor is weak, and the biogas fertilizer is insufficient, and the chemical fertilizer is needed to make up). At the same time, biogas slurry should be sprayed on the leaves of the canopy, and a slurry of freshwater should be sprayed once every 10 days. The effect is better. 3. Post-harvest re-application of “returning Yang Fei†“Yuan Yang Fei†should be selected after fruit harvesting, generally before the end of October, and the dosage accounts for 1/4 of the annual application amount. Each plant 50 jin of biogas residue or biogas slurry 100 jin (also according to the amount of fruit and crown size appropriate increase or decrease in the year), the other can be borax according to the constant and the biogas residue mixed. Apply fertilizer after applying fertilizer. Fertilizers and pears, good flower bud differentiation, slightly consistent pumping, thick green leaves, uniform fruit size, good gloss, high sweetness, and increased tree vigor; improved anti-lunatic and black heart disease; Nan Zhiqiu The fruit growers proved that the use of biogas fertilizer on peach trees prevented Peach yellow leaf disease. V. Biogas slurry feed to pigs Biogas slurry feed to pigs is the use of biogas slurry as feed additive in pig feed. Promote the growth of pigs, shorten the fattening period, increase the feed conversion rate, reduce the ratio of feed and meat, and achieve the purpose of increasing income. According to the determination of biogas slurry containing amino acids that promote the growth of pigs, it also contains trace elements such as copper, iron, and zinc. Biogas slurry also has the role of pest control (aphids), the treatment of dead pigs and the prevention of pig erysipelas, piglet paratyphoid and other diseases, biogas slurry feeding pigs can solve the majority of rural pig feed nutrition is not complete. The results of the experimental comparison show that the ratio of feed biogas to feed water can be increased by 350-1290 grams (0.7-3 catties) per 10 days, the feed-to-meat ratio is decreased by 12.9%, the finishing period is shortened by 32 days, and there is no parasite egg in the biogas slurry. And the harmful pathogenic microorganisms, feeding pigs are safe and reliable. The harmful elements such as chromium, tritium, and lead in the biogas slurry are all lower than the national health standards. The slaughtered meat is normal in color and meets the national food hygiene standards. Biogas slurry feed pigs should master those technical points First of all, the biogas slurry of the biogas digester after one month of normal gas production must be fed to pigs. Biogas slurry that does not produce a gas pool or sick tank cannot feed pigs. The biogas digester used for biogas slurry feeding pigs should always remove scum and debris from the discharge chamber, or put a filter residue device between the discharge materials so that it can be extracted at any time. In the discharge port, the middle biogas slurry is taken and filtered by gauze. In the feed, the biogas slurry should be fresh, and the mixture should be fed with the mixture. Before adding the biogas slurry, the pigs should be dewormed, stomach-protected and epidemic-proof, and the cooked food should be fed raw. First of all, there is an adaptation process for pigs fed with biogas slurry. The biogas slurry can be used first to allow the pigs to smell odors, or the pigs can be starved for 1-2 meals, thereby increasing appetite. A small amount of biogas slurry is mixed into the feed. After 3-5 days of trial feeding, the pig can eat normally. The weight of live pigs is 40-100 pounds, and the weight gain of the feed biogas slurry is obvious. The size of the pigs is different. The amount of feed they feed each day is also different. Feed the amount of biogas slurry on a daily basis to the weight of the pigs, and raise the pigs from 40 pounds. Generally less than 50 pounds pigs, fed four times a day, each feeding 0.6 kg per head; 50-100 pounds of pigs, fed three meals a day, each feeding 1.2 pounds per head; 100-200 pounds of pigs, fed three tons a day Feeding 2 pounds per head at a time; 200 pounds or more of pigs are fed three times a day, each feeding 3 pounds per head. If pigs like to eat, increase the amount of feeding. To control the amount of biogas slurry fed on a daily basis, it is best to prepare a small scoop with a quasi weight. As a measurement tool, if pigs are found to be fed with biogas slurry, pig diarrhea is due to a large amount of biogas slurry feeding, which can be reduced or stopped. Days, after the pig is normal, continue feeding. Emphasize 3 points 1. Biogas slurry feed to pigs mainly solves the problem of incomplete feed nutrition for pigs in rural areas. Therefore, prevention of pig disease, deworming, and treatment of diseases should be conducted under the guidance of local veterinarians. 2. Pay attention to safety. The pool cover must be restored in time to prevent people and livestock from falling into the pool. During the feeding of biogas slurry to the pigs, dead animals, dead birds and harmful substances cannot enter the digester. 3, piglets do not feed biogas slurry, fed slow growth, mainly gastrointestinal adaptation. This type of boar and empty sows should not be used this method, or increase the speed too fast will affect the rate of heat and reduce the conception rate. After sows produce piglets, feeding biogas slurry can produce more milk and improve the quality of sow milk. The effect is good. 4, biogas slurry can not be taken with the feed, the general biogas slurry removed, stirring or place 1-2 hours, 2 hours in the winter, 1 hour in the summer, let the ammonia escape and then feed. 5, can not use biogas instead of feed, do not reduce the daily feed. 6, feed material and pre-mixed materials, then add biogas slurry effect is not obvious. 7. Where green feed is the main ingredient, crush the green feed and put it in the biogas slurry for 2 hours and feed it directly. Several common feed methods. Biogas milk cows, 1 part of biogas slurry 1.5-2 copies of feed ratio, careful not to add too much biogas slurry to prevent diarrhea, the average daily increase of milk production of about 4.5 kg. Chicken eggs 3 biogas slurry, 7 parts of feed mixing, improve egg production rate of 7-12%. Raising the sheep is to take a clean biogas slurry, which can be used once or twice a day to allow the sheep to drink freely. Each sheep can gain 3-4 pounds more per month. Raise 4 rabbits of biogas slurry with 5 concentrates of feed. Each rabbit is fed at noon daily. The feed is formulated once. The fodder is fed twice a day in the morning and evening. The adult rabbits each have an average of 0.5 kg of rabbit hair.
Human adenovirus has 51
serotypes, 6 subgroups A-F, and the genome is a linear double-stranded DNA
molecule. Groups B, C, and E are associated with respiratory infections; groups
A and F are associated with gastrointestinal infections, groups D and E are
associated with eye infection; and groups D and E are associated with kidney
and urinary tract infections. Adenovirus is acid-resistant, so it can continue
to remain active through the gastrointestinal tract.
PCR- fluorescence probe method Guangdong Hecin Scientific, Inc. , https://www.hecinscientific.com