Cultivation type solar greenhouse Vegetables Assortment Solanum -> Chili Suitable variety Xin Jiao 6 1. Variety characteristics Xinjiao 6 is a early-maturity hybrid, which has a strong growth potential and strong lateral ability of the main lateral branch. The internodes are short and the plant type is compact. The average plant height is 89.7 cm and the degree of development is 68.4 cm. Leaves oval, green. Pepper flower born in 7-9, fruit lantern-shaped, fruit length 8.3 cm, fruit diameter 7.8 cm, flesh thickness 2.8 mm, green fruit, old ripe red fruit, 3 to 4 ventricle, fruit surface edge, middle Slightly sunken. The number of single plant results is more than 25, the single fruit quality can reach more than 85 grams, and the maximum single fruit quality can reach 120 grams. Thin skin, crisp flesh, spicy, good merchandise. 2. Cultivation characteristics It takes 20 to 25 days for flowering and harvesting of Xinjiao No.6. The harvest period is long and can be cultivated in Love. Low temperature resistance, strong growth potential, continuous performance, good early maturation, high yield. Premature cultivation of greenhouses in spring, the total output per 667 square meters of 5500 to 6000 kg, the late autumn cultivation up to 4000 kg. Antiviral disease, resistant to Phytophthora. Xinjiao 6 Hi fertilizer water. Due to the early fruit setting period, the fruit grows quickly, and the growth of the adult plant grows rapidly. In early spring and late-night cultivation, it is necessary to ensure that there is no sufficient fertilizer and water supply. Apply enough base fertilizer before planting, and timely top-dressing during the fruit period so as to give full play to the early-maturing and high-yield advantages of the variety. Cultivation Techniques 1. Nursery (1) Seedbed preparation Xinjiang is cold in winter, and it is best to use electric wire to raise seedlings in greenhouses in early spring. Artificially control the bed temperature, achieve rapid emergence, and cultivate strong seedlings. In the nursery greenhouse, prepare 1 to 1.5 meters wide ravioli, ravioli flattening, layering about 5 centimeters thick crushed grass or 5 to 6 layers of newspapers, and then cover 2 to 3 centimeters thick soil as insulation. After stepping on the level, press the length and length of the line to plan the interval heating line. Then spread 10 to 12 cm thick nutritious soil on the electric heating line, ready for sowing. (2) Preparation of nutritious soil A garden field or Daejeon soil where no eggplant vegetables were planted within 5 years was selected. Sowing seedling bed is divided into 6 parts of soil and 4 parts of rotten and sifted organic fertilizer. The seedbed is divided into 7 parts of soil and 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer. 1 m2 of bed soil is filled with 0.25 kg of urea and 2–2.5 kg of superphosphate, and the thickness of the bedding is 10–12 cm. It can also be filled with nutrients (paper tube). (3) Pharmaceutical soil preparation 70% of pentachloronitrobenzene powder and 65% of zinc wettable powder were mixed in a 1:1 ratio to make a "five-generation mixture." 1 m2 seeding bed dosage of 8 ~ 10 grams, mixed with fine soil 15 kg, dubbed medicinal soil, sowing time cover covered medicine soil to prevent seedling disease. (4) Immersion germination The seeds are first soaked in warm water of 50-55°C, stirring continuously, and then reduced to 30°C after 20-30 minutes; soaking for 30 minutes with 10% trisodium phosphate solution, removing and washing with water, and putting the seeds Soak for 24 hours at a water temperature of 30°C. Then wash the seeds with water and dry them slightly. Place them in moist cloth to moisturize and germinate them at 25-30°C. Daily wash with warm water at 30°C for 4 to 5 days. After budding, cool down to 20-25 °C to promote sprouting. When in the event of cloudy days when sowing seeds, the seeds can be placed at 2 ~ 4 °C low temperature buds, sowing when sunny. (5) sowing The bottom water should be poured before sowing, and watering should not be performed until the seedlings are sown. After the bottom of the water is infiltrated, take 1/3 of the prepared medicinal soil and sprinkle it on the surface of the lotus root, then sow, and then cover the other 2/3 of the medicinal soil on the seed buds and cover the earth until it reaches 1 to 1.5 cm, until the moisture is evaporated. After the cover film is moisturized. The key to management after sowing is to keep warm and protect against cold, so as to promote seedlings to be unearthed as soon as possible. During the day, the temperature of the greenhouse was kept at 23-27°C, the night temperature was 14-15°C, and the soil temperature was 20°C or more. 4 to 5 days after the start of seedlings. (6) Seedling management Seedling management is the key to nurturing strong seedlings. According to the climate characteristics of winter in Xinjiang, the pre- and mid-cultivation period is mainly based on heat preservation and cold protection. Ventilation is encouraged during the late stage of nursery and before planting to prevent the formation of tall seedlings and rigid seedlings. Before unearthing, seedlings were removed from most of the seedlings, and the night temperature was appropriately reduced to 12-15°C to prevent leggy seedlings from forming tall seedlings. At the same time, choose to cover the soil in the sunny afternoon, the thickness of 0.5 cm cotyledon flat and then cover again. From the emergence to the seedling stage, generally no watering, only cover soil protection, to prevent early spring low temperature and high humidity caused by damping-off disease and the occurrence of loquat root. After sub-seedling and sub-seedling: 2~3 true leaves are divided into seedlings, and 3 to 4 days before seedlings are used to adapt to low-temperature exercise, and the seedling water is poured well depending on the soil conditions, and the “cold tail warmer†is selected for the sunny seedlings. . Use nutrient cartridges (paper tube) to separate the seedlings, one for each seedling, and do not place 2 or 3 seedlings to avoid affecting growth. After sub-seedling, the seedbeds were tightly closed with small arches to increase the temperature. 25 ~ 30 °C during the day, 15 ~ 17 °C at night, soil temperature above 20 °C, do not let the wind, in order to promote the slow seedlings. Shading at high temperatures around noon to prevent wilting, when the growth point of the seedlings begin to grow, it shows that the seedlings have been slowed down. After easing the seedlings, timely removal of the small arch shed and proper cooling management are performed. The temperature is 20-25°C during the day, 15°C during the night, and the soil temperature is 16-18°C. Cover the cover early to increase lighting. Pour a gentle seedling water. After seeing it, it will be poured and the principles of temperature control and water control will be maintained to keep the soil moist. The application of 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate will be used to fertilize the leaves 2 or 3 times. About 10 days before planting, control water and fertilizer, increase ventilation, gradually reduce the temperature, conduct low-temperature hardening, use plastic greenhouses for early ripening, and reduce it to 5°C in the morning 2 to 3 days before planting to gradually increase the resistance of seedlings. Coldness. The seedlings do not water when the heart leaves are not wilting at noon. The cold weather in northern Xinjiang is relatively frequent in early spring, and there are many days of low temperature and cloudy snow weather. When such severe weather occurs, special attention should be paid to the management of temperature and light. If it is still in the seedling stage, the temperature of the greenhouse must be raised. When the snow stops during the day, it is better to cover the grass earlier to increase the light; if the sun is short, it is necessary to immediately ventilate the small air; when the first sunny day after the shade is over, the seedlings are wilting when the light is too strong. Cover or form a flower bud, and then fully open after the seedlings return to normal. (7) Strong seedling standards Early spring cultivation of conventional nursery seedlings 80 to 90 days, electric line seedlings age 65 to 70 days. The stalks are stout, the internodes are short, the seedling height is 20-25 cm, and there are 12-13 true leaves with a stem diameter of 0.4-0.5 cm. 75% of the seedlings are buds and there are a few flowers. Autumn delay seedling age 60 to 70 days, when colonizing Xianlei. The leaves are green and the roots are well developed, free of pests and diseases. 2. Colonization Early spring greenhouse cultivation, when the minimum indoor temperature stable at night above 5 °C, 10 cm when the ground temperature stable above 12 °C can be planted. The cultivation of greenhouses in early Xinjiang in early spring will be planted at the end of January and early February, and greenhouses will be planted at the end of March and early April. The late fall of the greenhouse will be planted at the end of June and early July. In early spring cultivation, in order to increase the ground temperature and promote the easing of seedlings, about 20 days in advance, the sheds shall be roasted and the soil shall be defrosted. Each 667 m2 will be applied to compost organic manure 5000-7000 kg, superphosphate 50 kg or diammonium phosphate 30 kg. Afterwards, make a deep sloping pattern, then make 50 cm and 60 cm wide ridges from the center to the sides of the shed, flatten the ridges, and then cover the ridges on both sides of the 50 cm line. In centimeters, when planting, press 30 to 35 cm on the ridge to plant and plant a hole. Each hole is planted with two or one plant. The soil surface is less than 1 cm above the ridge surface. The soil is first cultivated with half acupuncture points, then the soil is irrigated and the seedlings are transplanted. The first day The hole was sealed with soil, and after 3 days, the seedling water was poured in the ditch under the membrane. The growth of hot peppers in greenhouses is very strong. Plants are tall, and they must be properly planted. If they are too dense, they can easily cause flowering and fruit drop. Generally, 6,000 square meters of 667 square meters of seedlings are kept. 3. Post-planting management (1) Slow seedling period. Do not ventilate within 10 days after colonization. Daytime greenhouse temperature 25 ~ 30 °C, no less than 15 °C at night; 6 ~ 10 days after the seedlings, can be appropriate to start small winds, during the day 25 ~ 30 °C, no less than 10 °C at night. If a severe cold current is encountered during the period of seedling easing, when the outside temperature drops to 5°C, a straw will be used to keep the surrounding area of ​​the greenhouse in good condition at night to prevent freezing damage. Late autumn cultivation is planted during the high temperature season, and proper shading should be used to cool the seedlings. (2) Flowering period. After the seedlings enter the flowering stage, they will be managed according to proper temperature. Temperatures below 15°C and above 35°C will cause flowering and fruit drop. Especially when the temperature is high and humidity is high, the plants are long and serious. Therefore, when the temperature exceeds 30°C, the air must be released. In the afternoon, when the temperature drops to 25°C, the air is closed, the temperature in the shed is maintained at 25-28°C during the day, 18-20°C during the night, and the soil temperature is 17-20°C. Gradually increasing the temperature as the weather warms up. Air volume. After easing the seedlings, pour a gentle seedling water and pour it into the water. Then control the seedlings. Early spring cultivation of cultivating tillage soil to promote the ground temperature to promote new roots. After the late autumn cultivation in high ground temperature should be properly watered to lower the ground temperature, not cultivating weeds, only pulling grass, keep the soil soft and moist, promote new roots grow robust. When 80% of the plant's door pepper grows to about 3 centimeters, the seedlings are finished and watering is started. With water, 15 kg of urea and rot of 400 to 500 kg of fecal urine are produced per 667 square meters. Pay attention to avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent leggy, resulting in falling flowers. Premature cultivation of greenhouses, whether the nuclear nucleus is the key to high yields. If the door pepper can not sit, it will cause the plant to grow mad, and even form an "empty". Therefore, after the easing of seedlings, the amount of bleed air should be increased as much as possible to reduce the temperature and humidity in the shed. (3) The result period. In the result period, increase ventilation, extend ventilation time, maintain shelf temperature at 20-25°C during the day, 15-17°C at night, and enter mid-May. The film below the mouth is removed, leaving only the top film of the greenhouse, which can provide shade and cooling effect. Late autumn cultivation in late August and early September, when the temperature is lowered in early October, a small amount of warming is needed at night to keep the night temperature no lower than 10°C. From October to November, the temperature is kept at a certain level to prevent chilling injury, and it is planted in plants. On the fresh effect, try to postpone listing. After the harvest, the water is topped with fertilizer to keep the soil moist. Once every 7 to 10 days, it is topped with water. After every 20 days, it is top-dressed with water, and 667 square meters of urea is used for 10 to 15 kg or fully decomposed human waste is 200 kg. . Harvested every 3 to 5 days in full fruit period, pour one water, separate one water from the other with water, and apply 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate as the top-dressing fertilizer. When the temperature is low, watering topdressing is carried out in the morning, and during the high temperature season in the evening, a large amount of water is poured before the film is removed, and the transition to the premises is made. (4) Pruning. When the plants are up to 25 cm in diameter, the collateral buds emitted below the Menjiaojiao will be removed. After entering the full fruit period, the lower yellow leaves must be removed in time to cut off the branches of the leggy and overly prosperous branches, increasing the amount of ventilation and light transmission. After the late autumn cultivation, 8 to 10 fruits per plant were preserved, and all were topping. 4. reward In the greenhouse, pepper seedlings planted with large buds can be harvested for 20 to 25 days, and peppers are harvested early to facilitate the development of the upper fruits. For late cultivation, it can be harvested until late October. Xinjiao No. 6 has an excellent sales potential in the market due to its thin and crisp quality. It is a very promising new pepper variety that is currently cultivated in the spring and early autumn. The practice of cultivation for several years has proved that the improved varieties are compatible with good methods, and they can better display the superior seed varieties and bring greater economic benefits to vegetable farmers.
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