Release date: 2017-08-01 New insights into how cells detect DNA damage (a hallmark of cancer) were published online in Nature on July 24. This insight helps explain how the body controls the disease. This finding provides new clues to potential markers of tumor cells that can be removed as part of the body's natural monitoring system before tumor formation. 1. cGAS will bind to DNA micronuclei produced after injury. Scientists have discovered that damage to cellular genetic material triggers inflammation, initiates the process of clearing damaged cells, and maintains tissue health. It is known that a key molecule called cGAS (cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase) that binds to DNA causes inflammation due to DNA damage and autoimmune disorders. Until now, it is unclear how this happens, because DNA is usually found in the nucleus and physically separated from other parts of the cell. Specifically, how cell DNA enters the cytoplasm remains to be determined. When DNA damage occurs, DNA fragments can be separated from the nucleus to form a structure called a micronucleus. Researchers at the University of Edinburgh's MRC Human Genetics Research Group found that cGAS can penetrate these micronuclei and DNA to initiate a mechanism that causes inflammation. 2, cGAS is located in the micro core In a single-gene autoimmune model mouse, cGAS localizes micronuclei produced by genomic instability. This micronucleus occurs when the DNA is erroneously separated during cell division and is surrounded by the chromatin's own nuclear membrane. In the process of chromosome fragmentation, the micronucleus membrane ruptures, causing rapid accumulation of cGAS, allowing autologous DNA to be exposed to the cytoplasm. cGAS is activated by chromatin, and micronuclei formation and inflammation following DNA damage are cell cycle dependent responses. 3. This mechanism is an early warning system for detecting potential cancer cells. Combining live cell laser microdissection with single-cell transcriptomics, the researchers concluded that micronuclei represent an important source of DNA immunostimulation. The recognition of micronuclei by cGAS can be used as a cellular intrinsic immune surveillance mechanism to detect a range of tumor induction processes. 4, cGAS mode of operation DNA damage is also in the early stages of tumor development. Detection of micronuclei by cGAS may be an important early warning system for human body to detect and clear potential cancer cells. The team said their findings could also explain how spontaneous inflammatory diseases occur and how the immune system attacks the body's own tissues. Dr. Karen Mackenzie, the first author of the study and the MRC Human Genetics Research Group at the University of Edinburgh, said: "Our findings provide a possible new mechanism for how the body protects itself from cancer, but in some cases It may cause inflammatory diseases." Dr. Martin Reijns, a senior researcher and one of the co-authors, said: "We hope that this study will inform you where to develop and improve treatments in the future." Source: Bio-Exploration Blood Collection Tube, Vacuum Tube for Blood Collection, Blood Collection Tube, PET Vacuum Tube, Blood Collection PET Tube, Glass Vacuum Tube, Blood Collection Glass Tube Blood Collection Tube, Vacuum Tube for Blood Collection, Blood Collection Tube, PET Vacuum Tube, Blood Collection PET Tube Luck Medical Consumables Co.,LIMITED , https://www.luckmedical.com