Reasons for the death of summer soybean and its control measures

In recent years, summer soybeans often have the phenomenon of yellowing of leaves and dwarfing of plants. According to the investigation of relevant technical personnel, it is believed that there are mainly the following reasons. The results and prevention measures of Huinong.com are described as follows:

这是一张夏大豆死苗原因及防治措施的配图

First, soybean seedlings cause dead seedlings

Soybean seedlings are infected with top blight, brown ring spots appear on the cotyledons of seedlings, necrosis of growth points, and severe whole plants die; plants that are susceptible to the early flowering stage, the diseased plants are prolonged, the top buds become brown, and they are bent into hooks. The plants begin to become brittle and easy to fold; the plants that are susceptible to the disease from the late flowering stage to the blast stage are easy to fall, the stems and the pith are close to the branches, the pods are small, the pods are small, the stunts are poor, and the pods are in the pods. Not full, often delayed maturity, until the harvest has been green.

Control measures: (1) The plots to be taken out of the plot should be removed. (2) When it is confirmed that the soybean top blight is infected, it should be sprayed with 64% antivirus cockroach 600 times liquid or 75% chlorothalonil 600 times liquid in time.

Second, the soybean cyst nematode caused dead seedlings

Soybean cyst nematode damage occurred in soybean seedling stage, cotyledons and true leaves turned yellow, developmental retardation, and the whole plant died in severe cases; soybean cyst nematode harmed in the adult stage, the plant dwarfed, the leaves turned yellow from bottom to top, and the flowering period was delayed. Pod pods but the seeds are not full and the color is darker. When the diseased plant was pulled out, it was found that the root system was underdeveloped, the roots were many, and the nodules were few. The roots were attached with many cystic nematodes (small yellow granules in shape).

Control measures: (1) Add organic fertilizer. Promote healthy growth of soybeans by increasing soil fertility. (2) Watering at the right time to increase soil moisture. Soil drought is beneficial to the damage of soybean cyst nematodes.

Third, the dead seedling caused by bean stalk fly disease

Bean stalk flies mainly occur in soybean fields or heavy sorghum where more than fully decomposed organic fertilizer is applied. Soybean seedlings were characterized by normal leaves in the lower part of the plant and yellowing of the upper leaves. Peeling the rhizome, the stalk flies and sputum can be seen in the stalk.

Control measures: can the use of 50% phoxim EC 1000 times, or 2.5% Prudential EC 3000 times, or 20% of EC Ma Ju 3000 times, or 21% of culling EC 3000 times, etc. shoot spray, the Bean seedlings are the focus of prevention and control.

Fourth, nutritional disorders

Nutritional disorders mainly occur in the lack of fertilizer fields, or partial application, single application of a chemical fertilizer plot, or severely dry plots. Soybean plants have different degrees of leaf yellowing, shrinkage, and growth retardation.

Control measures: 50-80 ml per acre of sprayed with 50-80 ml of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 30 g of water for 30-50 kg, the symptoms can be alleviated or disappeared, so that the soybeans can resume normal growth.

5. The herbicide residue of the upper sputum

First, the herbicides in the wheat field were applied too late. Due to the low temperature in early spring, the chemical weeding time of some farmers in wheat fields was postponed until April 10. Due to the large grass age, the use of superstars and bensulfuron-methyl was increased accordingly, which increased by 0.5~1 times compared with the conventional dosage. Soil pesticide residues. Summer soybean sowing date is mostly from June 5th to 10th. The use period of superstars and bensulfuron-methyl is a safe period after 60 days of sowing of the next crop, so that the application time of the upper pot of some farmers does not reach the safety period until the planting period of the lower jaw, resulting in the occurrence of phytotoxicity.

Second, the use of A, chlorsulfuron and its compounding agent in wheat fields. In some areas, the soil is mostly neutral to alkali. A and chlorsulfuron are difficult to decompose in alkaline soil, which is easy to cause phytotoxicity to the lower crop. After using such herbicides in wheat fields, the lower sorghum soybeans are weaker and stiffer, and the weight is not able to stand on the seedlings, so that the yield is reduced by about 80%. Although such pesticides have been banned, the resulting phytotoxicity has been repeated due to the fact that the pesticide market still sells.

Control measures: timely watering after the discovery of the phytotoxicity, and spraying foliar fertilizer or plant growth regulator.

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