Black swan feeding methods

Culture environment

The black swan likes to roost in the waters of the coast, bays, lakes, etc., and is sensitive to external disturbances. It feeds on shallow aquatic plants, grasses and aquatic animals. The site should be selected as far from towns, villages and living areas as possible. Avoid outside interference. There are natural waters and more suitable places where bushes grow.

When the black swan is free-range in nature, the water area can be large or small, and generally 100 square meters of water can store 1 pair of geese. In the water area, some emergent plants are planted. The empty area of ​​the pond can be used as a seasonal rotation for pasture, and some trees are planted for summer shade. A 1.5-meter-high mesh or fence is placed around the free-range area to prevent other animals from entering the disturbance and affecting their growth and reproduction. The pool water should be regularly sterilized. Generally, 50 kg of fresh lime powder or 20 kg of bleaching powder should be sprinkled per mu of water surface. At the same time, it is necessary to artificially break the wings or cut the feathers manually each year to prevent flight. The specific method is that after the black swan is changed in the autumn every year, 5 to 6 primary feathers can be cut.

The enclosure area for cages should be 30 square meters, including a pool of 10 square meters, a water depth of 60 centimeters, and raising l-gooses per house. Pool water should be replaced regularly.

Build a nest

The black swan enters sexual maturity at the age of 20 months. At this stage, it is necessary to provide nesting materials such as dry thatched grass, ryegrass, straw, and other nests for its free collection to build nests. If it is allowed to hatch naturally, it is necessary to build a small shed at the top of the nest to shelter from the rain. Remember to eliminate human interference during incubation. Gooses usually choose nests that are quiet, hidden and high lying. The female goose is very cautious and extremely vigilant. If unsafe factors or human interference are found during the nesting process, the nest is immediately abandoned and a new site is selected. Usually both male and female share a nest, but the division of labor is different. The geese are responsible for collecting and handling the nests, and the geese are responsible for setting up and finishing. In general, the nest and the periphery of the nest are relatively thick branches with fine branches, leaves, less feathers and fine hay. The nest is irregularly oval in shape. The length of its nest is about 170 cm, its short diameter is about 150 cm, its nest height is about 25 cm, and its nest depth is about 9 cm. It takes about 5 to 10 days to nest.

Feed standard

The species of geese is mainly concentrated feed (granular pellets available for laying hens), and green fodder (including pasture, vegetables, etc.) is supplemented. When entering the breeding period, 5% of fishmeal and 3% of shell powder must be added to the concentrate to meet its reproductive needs.

Goslings made of mixed goose steamed with powder, eggs, green feed, bone meal, calcium powder, cod liver oil, and vitamins and trace elements. In the early brooding period, the environment temperature is high, the feed is susceptible to deterioration, and the number of feedings should be more, 4 times a day. Later, as the younger geese grow older and the ambient temperature decreases, the number of feedings is gradually reduced. Dietary concentrates accounted for 70% and green feeds accounted for 30%. Concentrates use high-protein broiler pellets.

Young goose goslings go into the young geese feeding stage when they reach 4 months of age. Concentrated feed can be used to convert granules from broiler chickens and provide green fodder for free feeding.

Adult geese can be divided into pellets, powder and green feed. Pellets are corn, sorghum, rice or rice and are standing feed. The powders are barley slag (face), corn slag (face), sorghum (face), bean cake slag (face), bran, fish meal (or silkworm meal), bone meal, salt, and various vitamins and minerals. Wet the eggs and then feed them (or steam them to make them and press them into granules). Green feed includes various leafy vegetables, aquatic plants, grasses, etc. The powder is usually fed once a day and fed twice in the winter. Pellet should be fed regularly. In summer, a large amount of green and green feeds should be chopped and chopped into the mixed feed. They can also be thrown into the water for their food intake. In the winter, they should be supplemented with adequate amounts of vitamins.

Anti-epidemic measures

To clean up regularly, keep it clean, and disinfect it with a disinfectant solution to kill various pathogens. Commonly used disinfecting liquids include quaternary ammonium salts and iodine-containing preparations, and disinfectant drugs should be regularly replaced. During the breeding period, broad-spectrum antibiotics such as amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, etc. can be used every month or fed with Chinese herbicides for 3 days to prevent poultry disease.

Regular geese vaccination against various diseases can be carried out according to local conditions and local conditions. For example, goslings should be immunized against gosling goslings in the season of occurrence; bird flu vaccine should be promptly used around the age of 10 days, and goose parasites should be promptly prevented; usually 20 days of age and 20 days before fattening should be carried out with ambirazole. Secondary prevention and treatment; In early March each year, goose geese were intramuscularly injected with goose quail serum and goose paramyxovirus vaccine once each.

The main diseases are gosling plague, E. coli disease, goose paramyxovirus disease, fowl cholera, and parasitic diseases. While doing routine work, we must regularly observe the mental status of the black swan, and the healthy geese have a strong and healthy spirit. Agile, compact and shiny feathers, bright eyes and gods. Otherwise there is a certain disease, the cause should be identified and treated in time to achieve early detection, early isolation, early treatment, symptomatic medication to prevent the spread of poultry disease.

Breeding management

The estrus mating pro-goose has bright red spots on the mouth and the feathers are more glossy. The paired black swan-shaped people are inseparable from each other. They play with each other, chase after each other, and make joints and necks. They are particularly excited and affectionate. Before bathing, the male and female bathe side by side on the water. The male geese swim to the back of the female geese. The geese neck is tapped with their mouths. The female geese head backwards and the tail feathers are raised, indicating that they are willing to accept mating. At this time, the male geese seized the opportunity to open their wings and boarded the back of the female goose, frequently flapping their wings to keep the body in balance, and pressing down on the tail. The tail of the female goose floats on the water, and the lower body is buried in the water. After the copulation, the gander first flapped its wings and shouted and excited. The goose was buried in the water with its head and neck sometimes. The wings of the goose patted the water and sprayed the water on the tail, washing the feathers. 3 to 5 seconds.

Female geese spawning black swan can spawn after nesting. Generally, the first egg is produced 8 to 15 days after the first mating, and the next one, each nest can produce 6 to 7. Eggs are gray in color and have an average egg weight of 150-165 grams. Before the oviposition, the geese rested uneasily on their nests and kept shaking around. Finally, they calmed down and began laying eggs for a moment. At the time of spawning, the female geese showed a slight squat posture in their nests, their wings were slightly raised, and they naturally looked up. Their eyes were flat in front, their spirits were concentrated, their abdomen exerted paroxysmal contractions, and the eggs followed the blunt end outward. Each egg lasts 20 to 30 seconds. After the geese laid their eggs and stood up, they placed the eggs in the middle of the nest with quail and covered the eggs with grass, feathers, etc. After a short break, they went swimming and combed their feathers.

Naturally hatching black swan began to hatch after producing 7 eggs, and the male and female were in turn hatched. However, the female geese were dominant, and male and female rotation did not have obvious rules. When one hatches, the other serves as a guard. Walk around or around the nest to prevent other animals or people from approaching. During the incubation period, a food bowl should be placed next to the nest, and feeds such as millet, corn, wheat, and granules should be placed inside the geese for feeding.

The goslings are very cautious when they hatch in the nest. When they turn their eggs, they use spasms to pick eggs from the front to the rear and turn the eggs at an angle of 0-360 degrees. Sometimes the positions of the eggs are exchanged or replaced, and the goslings also use the change of lying. The direction of the nest to achieve the purpose of turning eggs. This allows each egg to be heated evenly, so that the embryos do not adhere to the shell membrane, and embryos are used to maintain the normal fetal position. After the egg is turned, the females sometimes continue to hatch, sometimes laying eggs in the nest. By cooling the eggs, the humidity in the nest can be adjusted, and the metabolic heat generated in the later stages of the embryo can also be dissipated, and the lower ambient temperature can be used to stimulate the embryonic development and enhance the chicks' adaptability to the outside air temperature.

Artificial hatching After the first egg of the female geese, the eggs can be removed from the nest and replaced with artificial eggs. After that, the new eggs are taken out and the dummy eggs are finally taken out. Take precautions when taking eggs manually to prevent damage caused by swans' wings. Generally, the second spawning period can be entered every 20 days, and the second nest can be naturally hatched. The eggs can be stored for 4 to 5 days. When the eggs are large, the machine can be used for hatching. The amount of eggs can be manually hatched using simple methods. Generally, warm water (hot water bottle) hatching is preferred, and warm hatching is preferred. The first 15 days were 38°C, the 16th to 32nd days were 37.5°C, and the 33rd to 35th days were 36.8°C. When the 25th day of development, the eggs were dried once every day for 5-8 minutes, and after 32 days, the artificial moisture was added. (Spraying warm water) to increase the hatching rate of the eggs and the goslings are shelled for 35 days.

The young chicks whose newly hatched chicks developed their feathers were light gray, and the fetal fluff feathers were moist and unable to stand. They snuggle under the goose wings or under the abdomen for warmth. 2 to 5 hours of fluff feather dry and soft, you can stand. After 8 hours, the chicks can observe the surroundings from the head and neck of the goose’s wings. If there is movement, the chicks quickly retract their heads. After 1 to 3 days, the bird can be launched into the water and the bird can be found under the guidance of the parents. Black swan during the brooding protection behavior is very strong, whether in land or water, mostly male and female one after the other, the nestlings in the middle, people and other animals are not easy to access. Food for young chicks includes young leaves, fruits, and insects.

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