How to distinguish between winter, semi-winter and spring wheat

Wheat growth stage

To transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, wheat must pass through two stages of development, the vernalization stage and the light stage.

After the wheat seeds are germinated, they can enter the development of the vernalization stage. It is characterized by a certain period of time and a certain degree of low temperature in the required comprehensive conditions, otherwise it will not pass the vernalization stage and stay in the tillering state forever.

Then, according to the temperature and time required for the wheat to pass the vernalization stage, the wheat varieties can be divided into three basic types: winter, weak (semi) winter and spring.

Winter variety

It is extremely sensitive to temperature requirements. The suitable temperature in the vernalization stage is 0~5°C, and it takes 30~50 days. Only the varieties that can pass the vernalization stage after 30 days or more under the condition of 0~3°C are strong winter varieties. . Seeds that have not undergone vernalization can not be sown in spring.

Semi-winter variety

Temperature requirements are between winter and spring. At 0 to 7 ° C, after 15 to 35 days, the vernalization stage can be passed. Seeds that have not been vernalized cannot be headed or delayed in the spring sowing, the heading is not neat, and the yield is very low.

Spring variety

Spring varieties: The temperature requirements are wider and the experience time is shorter when passing the vernalization stage. Generally, it is required to be 0 to 12 °C in the autumn sowing area, and 0 to 20 °C in the northern spring sowing area. After 15 days, it can pass the vernalization stage.

It should be noted that the so-called winter and spring, refers to the characteristics of the development of the vernalization stage of wheat varieties, while the winter wheat and spring wheat refers to the sowing period. Spring wheat, which is said to be produced, refers to the variety that is sown in spring; winter wheat refers to wheat that is sown in autumn and passes through winter during the growth period.

Like the wheat varieties suitable for planting in our province, the semi-winter wheat varieties are Yannong 999, Huai Mai 35, Huacheng 3366 (semi-winter mid-late maturing variety), Huai Mai 32, Yannong 5158, Lianmai 2 (half winter) Zhongshu), Panmai 5, etc.

Spring wheat is like: Ningmai 13 (about 210 days in the whole growth period, 1 day later than the control Yangmai 158), Zhenmai 168 (about 208 days in the whole growth period, equivalent to the control Yangmai 158), Yangmai 13 ( In the middle and early maturity, the maturity period is similar to that of Yangmai 158. It is used as a high-quality weak-gluten special wheat), and it is selected as No. 6 (spring, maturity is more than 158 nights than the control Yangmai).

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