Guiding Opinions on the Cold Protection and Seedling Protection Techniques of Southern Early Rice Seedlings

At present, seedling raising and transplanting of early rice in the south are being carried out one after another. Since mid-March, most of the early rice production areas in Jiangnan and South China have been dominated by fine weather, which is conducive to early rice planting and seedling raising. Since March 25, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and areas north of it have encountered cold wave weather. Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Guangxi and other regions have cooled by 6 ° C-12 ° C, and some areas are accompanied by 7-9 gusts. Seedling raising and transplanting cause adverse effects, and rotten seedlings appear in some areas. In view of the current climate characteristics and the actual production of early rice, the Rice Experts Guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, put forward the technical guidance for the cold protection and seedling protection of early rice in southern China.

One is to protect against cold and heat to avoid rotten seedlings. For areas where the early rice has been sown, strengthen the greenhouse and cover the film, avoid removing the film prematurely, pay attention to irrigation and heat preservation during the cold wave; after the cold wave, clear the ditch in a timely manner, and combine it with the seedling bed with weak seedling and light leaf Apply fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer as appropriate to the water, apply "weaning fertilizer" according to seedling condition at 1 leaf and 1 heart stage, and apply "wedding fertilizer" 5-7 days before transplanting, pay attention to prevention of diseases such as stand blight, rice blast and cotton rot . Ventilate and refine seedlings when the weather turns warm, and sprinkle or irrigate in time to prevent bacterial wilt. For the rice fields that have caused the early rice to rot, the seedlings will be sown in accordance with the growth process, or the seeds will be sown to ensure the planting area of ​​the early rice. For the double-season rice area in South China, the favorable weather should be used for transplanting, and the transplanted field should be applied for tillering to avoid continuous rainy weather within 7-10 days after transplanting.

The second is to sow seeds in time to improve the quality of seedlings. For areas where early rice has not been sown, pay close attention to weather forecasts and avoid periods of heavy rainfall and cooling. When the average daily temperature is stable above 12 ° C, seize the "cold tail warming head" to grab early planting, and after arching, timely install the arch cover to keep warm 1. Clearing the drain. If the early rice cannot be planted before the end of March due to heavy rainfall and drastic temperature reduction, farmers should be guided to choose short-growing varieties or direct seeding methods to ensure the safety of double-season rice production.

The third is to classify policies and improve the quality of live broadcasting. Due to the high temperature in the early stage, the field has been directly broadcasted in advance, and timely irrigation should be carried out to protect the seedlings to reduce the adverse effects of heavy rainfall and cooling. After the cold wave, the seedlings should be promptly drained to promote the growth of the seedlings. Be careful not to drain too fast to cause physiological water loss when draining; For the direct seeding field that caused rotten seeds and rotten seedlings due to low temperature, it is necessary to seize the "cold tail and warm head", soak the seeds in time to germinate and reseed; areas that have not been directly seeded should avoid sowing during the cold wave according to the weather changes and wait until the temperature stabilizes Immerse seeds at the time of rush to germinate and broadcast live to prevent late sowing from affecting late rice stubble.

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