The current leek planting is generally field direct seeding or transplanting of flat land nursery seedlings, but there are the following problems: Although direct seeding can save workload, the leek has small seeds, small seedlings, emergence, slow growth, poor uniformity, and is prone to grass shortages. Field maintenance is not easy; if traditional land flat border nursery seedlings are used for transplanting, centralized management can be performed during nursery However, the procedures of cutting roots, cutting seedlings, and finishing are needed when starting seedlings and transplanting, which takes time and labor, and greatly increases production costs. On the other hand, the current labor force is extremely scarce and the labor cost is high. Therefore, mechanization and simplification of cultivation have become the future development direction of agriculture. After several years of research and practice, agricultural researchers have summarized a set of light greenhouse greenhouse chives with simplified and efficient cultivation technology. Compared with the traditional land flat nursery, this technology can save about 80% of labor and reduce costs by more than 60%; greenhouse The planting adopts the micro-tillage machine as the high flat border, which can save more than 60% of labor and reduce the cost by more than 50%; drip irrigation planting saves water and fertilizer by more than 30%. 1. Choose excellent varieties Choose leek varieties with no dormancy, upright plants, wide leaves, cold resistance and high quality in winter, such as 791 snow leek, flat leek 4, flat leek 5, jiusing 10, jiusing 16, etc. 2. Plug tray nursery Choose 128-hole or 72-hole plug trays and plant them in the greenhouse around February. Early seedlings help to form higher yields and better quality. Sowing 10 to 15 seeds per hole will spread the seeds evenly in the holes when sowing. Based on the calculation of 6000 to 8000 holes per mu, 70 plates of 128-hole plates or 120 plates of 72-hole plates are required. In ordinary solar greenhouses, small arch sheds are needed when the temperature is low. Seedlings are raised in small arch sheds in greenhouses in winter, usually in 10 to 20 days. If geothermal wire is used for seedlings, it is usually in 7 to 10 days. After the emergence of the seedlings is neat, the small arch shed can be removed at the end of February. At the seedling stage in March, 4 2 ‰ instant compound fertilizers (NPK 19-19-19) were applied with water four times, and the plug tray was moved to outdoor cultivation in late March Seedlings, ready to colonize. Compared with the traditional land flat nursery, the plug tray nursery has a short seedling age and good seedling quality, which can save about 80% of labor and reduce costs by more than 60%. 3. Site preparation, fertilization and bordering According to the stubble in the greenhouse, it is recommended to use mature manure of cow manure and sheep manure, chicken manure, poultry manure, etc., which are prone to breed leek maggots, and should be used carefully. 12 ～ 15 cubic meters of decomposed organic fertilizer and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (NPK 15-15-15) are applied per mu. Rotate the soil twice. Pull the wire according to the east-west direction and use a micro tiller to make high flat borders, which can greatly improve work efficiency, save labor by more than 60%, and reduce costs by more than 50%. The border width is 1.4 to 1.5 meters, the border surface width is 1 to 1.1 meters, the border height is 15 to 20 centimeters, and two drip irrigation belts are laid per border. 4. Colonization It can be planted 50 to 70 days after sowing (a single plant usually has 3 true leaves and 3 to 6 roots). The sooner the planting is, the more beneficial it is to the growth of leeks. If you wait for the stubble to clear the ground, the seedling age can be longer. 72-hole trays are better for long seedlings. Plant 4 to 5 rows according to the width of the border, with a row spacing of about 30 cm and a plant spacing of 25 cm. Plant 6000-8000 holes per mu. You can dig holes for colonization, and also can open trenches for colonization. The depth of ditching and planting should be equal to that of Tutuo and ditch. The number of seedlings per hole must be 10-15 plants, and the holes with less seedlings can be solved by the method of merging tray seedlings. After planting, the planting water should be poured evenly. The first time you need to pour large water, every hole should be poured, and you ca n’t miss it. After 5 to 10 days, slow seedling water can be poured. If the amount of planting water is large, the slow seedling water can be small. If the amount of planting water is small, the amount of slow seedling water should be large. 3 to 5 after slow seedling watering Day tillage and weeding. 5. Field management If the greenhouse is planted in early April, the greenhouse film will be removed in late April or early May; it may be planted directly in the open in May. After planting, pay attention to strengthening field management such as weeding, watering, waterlogging prevention, and insect control. In October, the plants began to return to seedlings without watering or fertilizing. In November, the plant parts are dry and can be buckled for insulation at any time. If there are many sheds planted, you can buckle the sheds according to the harvesting needs. You can harvest the crops about 40 days after the buckling. Shed was buckled in late November, and the first crop was harvested around New Year's Day the following year, and the second crop was harvested around the Spring Festival. If the shed is too early, the third crop is harvested around February, and the quality of the leek is not as good as the first crop and the second crop. The room temperature is controlled at 20 ℃ ～ 25 ℃ during the day and 5 ℃ ～ 10 ℃ at night. According to the weather, pay more attention to the wind. If the temperature is high during the winter, the air vent may not be closed at night, keep the temperature slightly lower, and the plant stands upright and has good quality. At the later stage of growth, we should pay more attention to the regulation of temperature and humidity. Although high temperature and high humidity can increase yield, but the water content of leek increases, the quality and quality will decrease. In terms of water management, water can be poured once after the plants return to seedlings or after buckling the shed. Pay attention to the prevention and treatment of Botrytis cinerea, blight, leek maggots, scallion moth (heartworm), leaf miners, thrips, etc. 6. Harvest The leek is about 30 cm high and can be harvested when it has 2 to 3 leaves. The leek is harvested early and has good quality and good quality. It is a fine leek. The second crop is harvested from New Year's Day to the Spring Festival. It can be harvested after the Spring Festival or the third crop can be harvested before the Spring Festival. The quality and quality of the first stubble leeks are 1000-1500 kg per mu per stubble; from New Year's Day can be harvested to April, a total of 3 to 5 stubble is harvested, the yield per mu is more than 5000 kg, and the benefit is 30,000-100,000 yuan. Finally, summarize the technical points: ①Choose excellent varieties suitable for greenhouse cultivation (good uprightness, strong tillering ability, good disease resistance); ②In February, the solar greenhouse raised seedlings in advance; ③ Use 128-hole trays to raise seedlings, sow 10-15 seeds per hole; ④The east-west machinery of the greenhouse is used as the border, and the micro tiller is used as the flat border; ⑤ When planting, the line spacing is 30 cm, the hole spacing is 25 cm, and about 7600 holes are planted per mu; ⑥ Lay 2 drip irrigation tapes per border; ⑦Remove the shed film in May, cultivate in the open air in summer, buckle the shed film and heat preservation quilt from mid-November to early December. Disclaimer: Some articles of this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone NINGBO MEDICAL EQUIPMENT CO.,LTD , https://www.techartmeds.com