Since the beginning of summer, the frequency of high temperature has increased significantly. This period is the early rice filling stage, single-crop rice tillering and panicle differentiation, and some early maturing varieties are at the flowering stage. The high temperature heat damage directly leads to the shortening of the rice growth period and the reduction of the seed setting rate. Decrease in grain weight, biomass, and yield. The establishment of high-temperature disaster prevention and control techniques for rice flowering is an effective measure to meet the requirements of China's food security. Prevention and control technology points: 1. Select high-temperature rice varieties. There are many varieties of rice, and there are differences in high-temperature tolerance during flowering and fruiting. The selection of high-temperature resistant varieties is an effective way to reduce high-temperature disasters. 2. Prevention and control technology of high temperature susceptible rice. Select suitable for planting period, adjust the flowering period, avoid booting, heading high temperature. The use of dry nursery, the Yangtze River Valley area to avoid flowering high temperature, double cropping early rice should be selected early maturing varieties, appropriate early sowing, so that the flowering period is completed in late June to early July, and the middle and late rice can be used in the middle and late varieties, appropriate In the delayed sowing period, the flowering period of the japonica rice is in late August and the flowering period of the japonica rice is in late August to early September. This can avoid or reduce the high temperature hazard in summer. 3. Use scientific fertilizer and water management measures to reduce high temperature hazards. In response to the high temperature during the flowering period during sensitive period, emergency measures should be taken in time to reduce losses. First, the deepwater in the field is used to reduce the temperature of the ear layer, and deepwater irrigation in rice fields and daily irrigation can also be used, or long-flow irrigation can be used to increase the transpiration of rice, reduce the temperature of rice canopy and leaves, and also reduce temperature and increase humidity. The second is reasonable and early fertilization on fertilizer management, which can promote early delivery of delivery, reduce the nitrogen content of the canopy at the later stage, accelerate the growth process, enhance the ability of late drought tolerance and high temperature resistance, and apply external application of phosphorus and potash fertilizer, which can improve The fertilizing ability of rice increases the resistance of rice plants to high temperatures, and has the effect of reducing high temperature damage. 4. The rice that is endangered by extreme high temperature and drought can be used for the method of reclaiming rice. For high-temperature ratooning rice, as compared with the regenerative rice harvested after mid-season rice harvesting, it is about 20 days earlier. The low-level seedlings will not be affected by low temperature and rain, which will reduce the seed setting rate. When cutting seedlings, the low-lying piles should be kept and the piles should be kept 20 centimeters. Left and right, to promote the emergence of axillary buds in the middle and lower 3-5 leaves, and effectively increase the number of seedlings, panicles, and grains per panicle of regenerated rice, which is more conducive to increase the yield.
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