Strychnos chemical identification

Chemical identification

(1) take the endosperm section, add 1 drop of vanadic acid, was blue-violet (salmonine reaction); another slice plus concentrated nitric acid, orange-red. (The brucine reaction)

(2) Take 1g of Strychnos nudiflorum, add ethanol 15ml, cold soak 2h, the filtrate evaporated, add 1mol/L hydrochloric acid to dissolve, basify with ammonium oxyhydride test solution, extract with chloroform, and then extract with chloroform 1mol/L hydrochloric acid, Zinc powder and concentrated hydrochloric acid were added to the acid solution and heated in a water bath for 5 minutes. After cooling, one drop of nitrous acid solution was added, indicating that it was cherry red. (Salmonine reaction)

(3) Thin layer chromatography: Take powder 0.5g, add chloroform-ethanol (10:1) mixture 5ml and concentrated ammonia solution 0.5ml, shake 5min, place for 2h, the filtrate is tested, another take ficinnine, Strychnine was dissolved by chloroform and made into a mixture containing 2 mg of each 1 ml as a control. Each 10 μl sample was spotted on the same silica gel G plate and developed with a toluene-acetone-ethanol-concentrated ammonia solution (40:50:6:4) at 15 cm. The mixture was air-dried and sprayed with a dilute iodide solution. Two orange spots, with strychnine at the bottom and strychnine at the top, showing the same color spot

马钱子

[Note]: The seeds of the same plant of Yunnan Maqian S. pierriana AWHill.

chemical composition

Molecular formula of staurophylle

Ma Qian seeds contain a variety of alkaloids and can be divided into three types:

1 "normal" alkaloids: strychnine, brucine, isochrychnine, isobrucine, strychnine N-oxide, brucine N-oxide, β-colubrine, 16-hydroxy-β-corollin (16) -hydroxy-β-colubrine), 16-hydroxy-α-corubin.

2 "pseudo" series of alkaloids: pseudo-strychnine, pseudobrucine.

3 "N"-methyl pseudo series (N-methylpseudo series)

Alkaloids: N-methyl-oxo-pseudo-smectin (icajine), vomicine, N-methyl-oxo-pseudo brucine (no-vacine).

The alkaloids contained in the seeds are mainly "positive" series [1-3]. The seeds were heated at high temperature (220-260°C, 3min). The contents of the highly toxic ingredient, brucine and strychnine, were significantly reduced, while isocamptoline, isobracin, and strychnine N-oxide. And brucine N-oxide content increased [3].

Root bark, root xylem containing "positive" series of alkaloids, bark containing "pseudo" and "N-methyl pseudo" series of alkaloids, leaf contains "N-methyl pseudo" series of alkaloids [1]. Pericarp, flesh containing strychnine, brucine, 4-hydroxystrychnine, strychnine N-oxide, strychnine N-oxide, pseudo-papaya Alkali, pseudo- brucine, N-methyl-broken-pseudo-salvaine, arachidium, N-methyl-broken-pseudo brucine, and flesh containing beta-crebulil. The flesh also contains iridoid compounds: loganin, lo-ganic acid, deoxyloganin, and strychnine ( Ketolo-ganin), open-chain secologanin [4].

Long-seeded horse-money seeds contain a variety of alkaloids and can be divided into three types:

1 "Positive" series of alkaloids: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxystrychnine, strychnine, brucine, 4-hydroxysmachine, Sarinine N-oxide, alpha-columbulin.

2 "pseudo" series of alkaloids: pseudo-salmonine, pseudo-brinaceine.

3 "N-methyl pseudo" series of alkaloids: N-methyl-broken-pseudo-salvaine, arachidium, N-methyl-broken-pseudo brucine and 4-hydroxy-3- 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-N-methyl-sec-pseu-dostrychnine [5,6].

The alkaloids contained in the seeds are mainly composed of "positive" series [5] while the leaves are mainly composed of "N-methyl pseudo" series of alkaloids [5].

In addition, the leaves also contain N-cyano-sec-pseudostrynine and N-cyano-sec-pseu-dobrucine. [7,8].


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