Release date: 2016-12-28 Using nano- sensing technology and artificial intelligence, scientists can diagnose what diseases they have based on the gas exhaled by patients. This is not the first time a doctor or scientist has attempted to use the gas exhaled by the human body to identify and detect information related to human health. Checking the drunk driving alcohol sensor is the most widely used example. Such sensors are typically constructed of a variety of gas-sensitive oxide semiconductor materials that, in contact with the gas, convert the gas species and concentration-related information into electrical signals for input into the system. According to the strength of the electrical signal, one can determine the concentration of alcohol in the gas. The technology used by Israeli scientists is more advanced. They not only use nano- metal technology, but also integrate artificial intelligence systems. By detecting the air exhaled by the human body, this independent and portable system can automatically analyze which diseases the subject may have, such as Parkinson's disease, various inflammations or lung cancer. It can be said that this is the first time that scientists have detected a large number of different diseases in the air exhaled by the human body, and the equipment used is only a small and flexible detector. Hossam Haick, a principal investigator of the study, from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, said, "From 400 BC, someone has analyzed the organic volatiles (VOCs) from the patient's body. , or other ingredients to identify the disease, the type and content of these substances are closely related to the disease. For example, at that time, a special doctor observed and sniffed the baby's stool and urine every day to judge the health of the baby." However, the research team has devoted a lot of research to trying to create an instrument that can analyze "breathing indications" to identify different diseases. The reason this method works is because when the body exhales air, it will exhale many different ingredients. The main ones are nitrogen, carbon dioxide and oxygen, but they also bring out more than 100 volatile chemicals. The number and type of volatiles exhaled by each person is closely related to the health level of the person. This means that the data of the exhaled data can be analyzed to identify different diseases. At the very least, warnings can be given to allow the doctor to further examine the relevant symptoms. Moreover, it is much easier to analyze the exhaled air than to analyze other body fluids. People in the team once wrote: "In these body fluids, the exhaled air is the easiest to obtain, and it is the easiest source of instrumental detection of volatile components. It can indicate whether the body is healthy or a problem. Because The exhaled air is easy to obtain and non-invasive. This approach is highly acceptable, it provides a relatively simple model, and it can be safely repeated multiple times, and you want to measure it many times." To create this device, the research team developed an artificial intelligence nano- array that is covered with highly specialized sensors that detect the presence or absence of certain volatiles in the exhaled air, while passing algorithms. Determine whether these values ​​meet the criteria exhibited by different diseases. Now, the team has collected 2,808 outbound samples from 1,404 subjects who have at least one of the 17 diseases that can be detected (these diseases are divided into three categories: cancer, inflammation, and nerves). Sexual diseases), there are some diseases other than these 17 diseases, of course, there is a group of completely healthy people as a control group. In the study, they found that patients with these 17 diseases had different "breathing indications" in the air exhaled, and the 13 volatiles they exhaled showed different combinations of numbers and types. These combined features allow the instrument to identify if the subject is suffering from one of several diseases. The study also found that they can find multiple diseases in one subject, which means that the device can be used to check multiple conditions in patients. Before the actual application, the device also needs to prove whether its diagnosis is effective in a large number of experiments . Later, they tested the instrument on different subjects (partially sick, partially healthy) and wanted to see how accurate the detection was. The ultimate goal of this team is to create a portable device that can be easily operated and quickly judges whether a patient has multiple diseases. This may help the patient to find the problem early, so that a more accurate diagnosis can be obtained in later tests . Source: Kexun Medical Network
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